J/A+A/416/1117 Abundances in the early Galaxy (Cayrel+, 2004)
First stars.
V. Abundance patterns from C to Zn and supernova yields in the early Galaxy.
Cayrel R., Depagne E., Spite M., Hill V., Spite F., Francois P.,
Plez B., Beers T., Primas F., Andersen J., Barbuy B., Bonifacio P.,
Molaro P., Nordstrom B.
<Astron. Astrophys. 416, 1117 (2004)>
=2004A&A...416.1117C 2004A&A...416.1117C
ADC_Keywords: Abundances, peculiar ; Supernovae ; Stars, population II
Keywords: Galaxy: abundances - Galaxy: halo - Galaxy: evolution -
stars: abundances - stars: Population II - stars: Supernovae: general
Abstract:
In the framework of the ESO Large Programme "First Stars", very
high-quality spectra of some 70 very metal-poor dwarfs and giants were
obtained with the ESO VLT and UVES spectrograph. These stars are
likely to have descended from the first generation(s) of stars formed
after the Big Bang, and their detailed composition provides
constraints on issues such as the nature of the first supernovae, the
efficiency of mixing processes in the early Galaxy, the formation and
evolution of the halo of the Galaxy, and the possible sources of
reionization of the Universe. This paper presents the abundance
analysis of an homogeneous sample of 35 giants selected from the HK
survey of Beers et al. (1992, Cat. J/AJ/103/1987, 1999, Cat.
J/AJ/117/981), emphasizing stars of extremely low metallicity: 30 of
our 35 stars are in the range -4.1<[Fe/H]←2.7, and 22 stars have
[Fe/H]←3.0. Our new VLT/UVES spectra, at a resolving power of R∼45000
and with signal-to-noise ratios of 100-200 per pixel over the
wavelength range 330-1000 nm, are greatly superior to those of the
classic studies of McWilliam et al. (1995AJ....109.2757M 1995AJ....109.2757M) and Ryan et
al. (1996ApJ...471..254R 1996ApJ...471..254R).
Description:
The observations were performed during several runs from April 2000 to
November 2001 with the VLT-UT2 and the high-resolution spectrograph
UVES.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 43 35 Precise coordinates of the BPS programme stars
(positions of other stars added from Simbad)
table3.dat 274 279 Equivalent widths and oscillator strengths of
the lines (from C to Zn)
table8.dat 61 665 *Abundances of the elements from C to Zn for the
35 stars
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Note on table8.dat:
- the oxygen abundance has been computed with 1D models
(for the correction 1D -> 3D see section 4.2 of the paper)
- the abundances of Na, Al and K are NOT corrected for non-LTE effects
(the corresponding corrections are given in section 4.4.1)
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See also:
J/A+A/403/1105 : Extremely metal-poor giants equivalent widths (Francois+ 2003)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Seq Sequential number of the star
4- 15 A12 --- Name Name of the star
18- 19 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000.0)
21- 22 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000.0)
24- 28 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000.0)
30 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000.0)
31- 32 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000.0)
34- 35 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000.0)
37- 40 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000.0)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- Element Name of the species
6- 15 F10.3 0.1nm lambda wavelength of the line
16- 21 F6.2 eV Kiex Excitation potential
22- 28 F7.3 --- loggf oscillator strength
30- 35 F6.1 0.1nm W1 ? Equivalent width for star 1 : HD 2796
36 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
38- 42 F5.1 0.1nm W2 ? Equivalent width for star 2 : HD 122563
43 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
45- 49 F5.1 0.1nm W3 ? Equivalent width for star 3 : HD 186478
50 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
52- 56 F5.1 0.1nm W4 ? Equivalent width for star 4 : BD+17 3248
57 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
59- 63 F5.1 0.1nm W5 ? Equivalent width for star 5 : BD-18 5550
64 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
66- 70 F5.1 0.1nm W6 ? Equivalent width for star 6 : CD-38 245
71 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
73- 77 F5.1 0.1nm W7 ? Equivalent width for star 7 : BS 16467-062
78 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
80- 84 F5.1 0.1nm W8 ? Equivalent width for star 8 : BS 16477-003
85 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
87- 91 F5.1 0.1nm W9 ? Equivalent width for star 9 : BS 17569-049
92 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
94- 98 F5.1 0.1nm W10 ? Equivalent width for star 10 : CS 22169-035
99 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
100 A1 --- l_W11 Limit flag on W11
101-105 F5.1 0.1nm W11 ? Equivalent width for star 11 : CS 22172-002
106 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
108-112 F5.1 0.1nm W12 ? Equivalent width for star 12 : CS 22186-025
113 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
115-119 F5.1 0.1nm W13 ? Equivalent width for star 13 : CS 22189-009
120 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
122-126 F5.1 0.1nm W14 ? Equivalent width for star 14 : CS 22873-055
127 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
129-133 F5.1 0.1nm W15 ? Equivalent width for star 15 : CS 22873-166
134 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
136-140 F5.1 0.1nm W16 ? Equivalent width for star 16 : CS 22878-101
141 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
143-147 F5.1 0.1nm W17 ? Equivalent width for star 17 : CS 22885-096
148 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
150-154 F5.1 0.1nm W18 ? Equivalent width for star 18 : CS 22891-209
155 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
157-161 F5.1 0.1nm W19 ? Equivalent width for star 19 : CS 22892-052
162 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
164-168 F5.1 0.1nm W20 ? Equivalent width for star 20 : CS 22896-154
169 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
171-175 F5.1 0.1nm W21 ? Equivalent width for star 21 : CS 22897-008
176 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
178-182 F5.1 0.1nm W22 ? Equivalent width for star 22 : CS 22948-066
183 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
185-189 F5.1 0.1nm W23 ? Equivalent width for star 23 : CS 22949-037
190 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
192-196 F5.1 0.1nm W24 ? Equivalent width for star 24 : CS 22952-015
197 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
199-203 F5.1 0.1nm W25 ? Equivalent width for star 25 : CS 22953-003
204 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
206-210 F5.1 0.1nm W26 ? Equivalent width for star 26 : CS 22956-050
211 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
213-217 F5.1 0.1nm W27 ? Equivalent width for star 27 : CS 22966-057
218 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
220-224 F5.1 0.1nm W28 ? Equivalent width for star 28 : CS 22968-014
225 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
227-231 F5.1 0.1nm W29 ? Equivalent width for star 29 : CS 29491-053
232 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
234-238 F5.1 0.1nm W30 ? Equivalent width for star 30 : CS 29495-041
239 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
241-245 F5.1 0.1nm W31 ? Equivalent width for star 31 : CS 29502-042
246 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
248-252 F5.1 0.1nm W32 ? Equivalent width for star 32 : CS 29516-024
253 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
255-259 F5.1 0.1nm W33 ? Equivalent width for star 33 : CS 29518-051
260 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
262-266 F5.1 0.1nm W34 ? Equivalent width for star 34 : CS 30325-094
267 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
269-273 F5.1 0.1nm W35 ? Equivalent width for star 35 : CS 31082-001
274 A1 --- --- [s] s: synth
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Seq Sequential number of the star
4- 15 A12 --- Name Name of the star
18- 22 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] Adopted metallicity
24- 30 A7 --- Element Name of the species
31- 35 F5.2 --- logeps ? logarithm of the number of atoms of the
element for 10^12 hydrogen atoms
37 A1 --- l_[M/H] Limit flag on [M/H]
38- 42 F5.2 [Sun] [M/H] ? log(ratio relative to the solar ratio)
45 A1 --- l_[M/Fe] Limit flag on [M/Fe]
46- 50 F5.2 [Sun] [M/Fe] ? log(ratio relative to the solar ratio)
53- 56 F4.2 [Sun] e_[M/H] ? Standard deviation for [M/H] and [M/Fe]
59- 61 I3 --- Nlines ? Number of lines
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Acknowledgements: Monique Spite
References:
Hill et al., Paper I 2002A&A...387..560H 2002A&A...387..560H
Depagne et al., Paper II 2002A&A...390..187D 2002A&A...390..187D
Francois et al., Paper III 2003A&A...403.1105F 2003A&A...403.1105F, Cat. J/A+A/403/1105
(End) Patricia Bauer [CDS] 24-Nov-2003