J/A+A/471/625 VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars (Trundle+, 2007)
The VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars: Evolution of surface N abundances and
effective temperature scales in the Galaxy and Magellanic Clouds.
Trundle C., Dufton P.L., Hunter I., Evans C.J., Lennon D.J., Smartt S.J.,
Ryans R.S.I.
<Astron. Astrophys., 471, 625-643 (2007)>
=2007A&A...471..625T 2007A&A...471..625T
ADC_Keywords: Stars, B-type ; Abundances ; Equivalent widths
Keywords: stars: atmospheres - stars: early-type -
stars: fundamental parameters - stars: evolution
Abstract:
We present an analysis of high resolution VLT-FLAMES spectra of
61 B-type stars with relatively narrow-lined spectra located in
4 fields centered on the Milky Way clusters; NGC3293 and NGC4755 and
the Large and Small Magellanic cloud clusters; NGC2004 and NGC330. For
each object a quantitative analysis was carried out using the non-LTE
model atmosphere code TLUSTY; resulting in the determination of their
atmospheric parameters and photospheric abundances of the dominant
metal species (C, N, O, Mg, Si, Fe). The results are discussed in
relation to our earlier work on 3 younger clusters in these galaxies;
NGC6611, N11 and NGC346 paying particular attention to the nitrogen
abundances which are an important probe of the role of rotation in the
evolution of stars. This work along with that of the younger clusters
provides a consistent dataset of abundances and atmospheric parameters
for over 100 B-type stars in the three galaxies. We provide effective
temperature scales for B-type dwarfs in all three galaxies and for
giants and supergiants in the SMC and LMC. In each galaxy a dependence
on luminosity is found between the three classes with the unevolved
dwarf objects having significantly higher effective temperatures. A
metallicity dependence is present between the SMC and Galactic dwarf
objects, and whilst the LMC stars are only slightly cooler than the
SMC stars, they are significantly hotter than their Galactic
counterparts.
Description:
File tablea1.dat and tablea2.dat contain the mean absolute abundances
of the stars in the Clusters NGC3293, NGC4755, NGC2004 and NGC330. The
former were determined using the initial atmospheric parameters from
Tables 3 and 4 as presented in the main paper and the latter were
determined after correcting the microturbulence to obtain the mean
Cluster silicon abundance in each star.
File tableb1.dat contains the equivalent widths and line-by-line
abundances for a subset of stars discussed in Hunter et al.
(2007A&A..466..277H).
File tablec1.dat, tablec2.dat, tablec3.dat, tablec4.dat, contain the
equivalent widths and line-by-line abundances for the metal lines of
the target stars in NGC3293, NG4755, NGC2004 and NGC330, respectively.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
stars.dat 79 77 Star positions, from Simbad
tablea1.dat 105 61 Mean absolute abundances using initial atmospheric
parameters
tablea2.dat 106 61 Mean absolute abundances adjusting microturbulence
tableb1.dat 37 16 Fe III Equivalent Widths and abundances in the young
clusters from the VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars
tablec1.dat 53 424 NGC 3293 line by line equivalent widths & abundances
tablec2.dat 53 530 NGC 4755 line by line equivalent widths & abundances
tablec3.dat 53 1219 NGC 2004 line by line equivalent widths & abundances
tablec4.dat 53 1060 NGC 330 line by line equivalent widths & abundances
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See also:
J/A+A/437/467 : VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars. (Evans+, 2005)
NGC 3293, NGC 4755 and NGC 6611
J/A+A/457/265 : VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars. (Dufton+, 2006)
NGC 3293, NGC 4755 and NGC 6611
J/A+A/456/623 : VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars. (Evans+, 2006)
NGC 330, NGC 346, NGC 2004 and N11
J/A+A/466/277 : VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars. (Hunter+, 2007)
NGC 6611, NGC 346 and N11
Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Name Star identification
13- 14 I2 h RAh Simbad Right ascension (J2000)
16- 17 I2 min RAm Simbad Right ascension (J2000)
19- 23 F5.2 s RAs Simbad Right ascension (J2000)
25 A1 --- DE- Simbad Declination sign (J2000)
26- 27 I2 deg DEd Simbad Declination (J2000)
29- 30 I2 arcmin DEm Simbad Declination (J2000)
32- 35 F4.1 arcsec DEs Simbad Declination (J2000)
37- 41 F5.2 mag Bmag Simbad B magnitude
43- 47 F5.2 mag Vmag Simbad V magnitude
49- 58 A10 --- SpType Simbad MK spectral type
60- 79 A20 --- SName Simbad name
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Name Star Identification (G1)
13- 23 A11 --- SpType MK Spectral Classification
25- 28 F4.2 --- CII mean carbon abundance (G2)
30- 33 F4.2 --- NII mean nitrogen abundance (G2)
35- 38 F4.2 --- e_NII Uncertainty in nitrogen abundance (G3)
40 I1 --- o_NII Number of lines used for mean N abundance
42- 45 F4.2 --- OII mean oxygen abundance (G2)
47- 50 F4.2 --- e_OII Uncertainty in oxygen abundance (G3)
52- 53 I2 --- o_OII Number of lines used for mean O abundance
55- 58 F4.2 --- MgII mean magnesium abundance (G2)
60- 63 F4.2 --- e_MgII Uncertainty in magnesium abundance (G3)
65- 68 F4.2 --- SiII ? mean Si II abundance (G2)
70- 73 F4.2 --- e_SiII ? Uncertainty in Si II abundance (G3)
75- 78 F4.2 --- SiIII mean Si III abundance (G2)
80- 83 F4.2 --- e_SiIII Uncertainty in Si III abundance (G3)
85- 88 F4.2 --- SiIV ? mean Si IV abundance (G2)
90- 93 F4.2 --- e_SiIV ? Uncertainty in Si IV abundance (G3)
95- 98 F4.2 --- FeIII ? mean iron abundance (G2)
100-103 F4.2 --- e_FeIII ? Uncertainty in iron abundance (G3)
105 I1 --- o_FeIII ? Number of lines used for mean iron abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Name Star Identification (G1)
13- 23 A11 --- SpType MK Spectral Classification
25 A1 --- l_Vtc Limit flag on Vtc
26- 27 I2 km/s Vtc Corrected microturbulence to give mean Si
29 A1 --- l_Vturb Limit flag on Vturb
30- 31 I2 km/s Vturb Initial microturbulence
33- 36 F4.2 --- CIIa mean carbon abundance (G2)
38- 41 F4.2 --- NIIa mean nitrogen abundance (G2)
43- 46 F4.2 --- e_NIIa Uncertainty in nitrogen abundance (G3)
48- 51 F4.2 --- OIIa mean oxygen abundance (G2)
53- 56 F4.2 --- e_OIIa Uncertainty in oxygen abundance (G3)
58- 61 F4.2 --- MgIIa mean magnesium abundance (G2)
63- 66 F4.2 --- e_MgIIa Uncertainty in magnesium abundance (G3)
68- 71 F4.2 --- SiIIa ? mean Si II abundance (G2)
73- 76 F4.2 --- e_SiIIa ? Uncertainty in Si II abundance (G3)
78- 81 F4.2 --- SiIIIa mean Si III abundance (G2)
83- 86 F4.2 --- e_SiIIIa Uncertainty in Si III abundance (G3)
88- 91 F4.2 --- SiIVa ? mean Si IV abundance (G2)
93- 96 F4.2 --- e_SiIVa ? Uncertainty in Si IV abundance (G3)
98-101 F4.2 --- FeIIIa ? mean iron abundance (G2)
103-106 F4.2 --- e_FeIIIa ? Uncertainty in iron abundance (G3)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Name Star Identification (G1)
13- 14 I2 0.1pm EWFe4419 Equivalent width of FeIII 4419 line
16- 19 F4.2 --- AFe4419 Absolute abundance of FeIII 4419 line (G2)
21- 22 I2 0.1pm EWFe4430 ? Equivalent width of FeIII 4430 line
24- 27 F4.2 --- AFe4430 ? Absolute abundance of FeIII 4430 line (G2)
29- 32 F4.2 --- AFeIII Mean FeIII abundance (G2)
34- 37 F4.2 --- e_AFeIII Uncertainty in FeIII abundance (G3)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec*.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- Name Star Identification (G1)
14- 21 A8 --- Ion Element/Ion (1)
24- 30 F7.2 0.1nm lambda Wavelength of line (1)
33- 35 I3 0.1pm EW ? Equivalent width of line
38- 41 F4.2 --- Ab1 ? Abundance using initial parameters (G2)(2)
43- 47 F5.2 --- Ab2 ? Abundance with corrected microturbulence (G2)(2)
50- 53 F4.2 --- Ab3 ? Abundance using corrected parameters (G2)(2)
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Note (1): The energy levels and oscillator strengths relating to the
transitions for the metal lines are available online at
http://star.pst.qub.ac.uk/~pld/line_identifications.html.
Note (2): The abundances are estimated from the lines and they show the results
from the 3 steps in determining the abundances as described in
Sect. 4 of the paper.
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Nomenclature note:
NGC330-NNN = Cl* NGC 330 ELS NNN in Simbad
NGC346-NNN = Cl* NGC 346 ELS NNN in Simbad
N11-NNN = [ELS2006] N11 NNN in Simbad
NGC2004-NNN = Cl* NGC 2004 ELS NNN in Simbad
NGC3293-NNN = Cl* NGC 3293 ESL NNN in Simbad
NGC4755-NNN = Cl* NGC 4755 ESL NNN in Simbad
NGC6611-NNN = Cl* NGC 6611 ESL NNN in Simbad
Note (G2): Abundances are presented as [X]=12+log([X/H]) in units of dex.
Note (G3): Uncertainties account for both random and standard errors.
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Acknowledgements:
Carrie Trundle, c.trundle(at)qub.ac.uk
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 12-Jun-2007