J/A+A/519/A34 YSOs in DROXO (Deep rho Oph XMM obs.) (Pillitteri+, 2010)
Results from DROXO.
III. Observation, source list, and X-ray properties of sources detected in the
"Deep rho Ophiuchi XMM-Newton observation".
Pillitteri I., Sciortino S., Flaccomio E., Stelzer B., Micela G.,
Damiani F., Testi L., Montmerle T., Grosso N., Favata F., Giardino G.
<Astron. Astrophys., 519, A34-34 (2010)>
=2010A&A...519A..34P 2010A&A...519A..34P
ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources ; YSOs ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: stars: coronae - stars: formation - X-rays: stars - Galaxy: formation
Abstract:
X-rays from very young stars are powerful probes to investigate the
mechanisms at work in the very first stages of the star formation and
the origin of X-ray emission in very young stars.
We present results from a 500ks long observation of the rho Ophiuchi
cloud with a XMM-Newton large program named DROXO, aiming at studying
the X-ray emission of deeply embedded young stellar objects (YSOs).
Description:
The data acquired during the DROXO program were reduced with SAS
software, and filtered in time and energy to improve the signal to
noise of detected sources; light curves and spectra were obtained.
Results. We detected 111 sources, 61 of them associated with
rho Ophiuchi YSOs as identified from infrared observations with
ISOCAM.
The Deep Rho Ophiuchi XMM Observation is a large program carried with
the XMM-Newton satellite pointed toward core F in the rho Ophiuchi
Cloud for almost eight consecutive days. The nominal pointing was at
RA=16:27:19.5 and Dec=-24:41:40.9 (J2000), and the net exposure
time was ∼515ks.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1.dat 109 111 List of sources detected in the DROXO EPIC images
tablea2.dat 180 91 X-ray Parameters from model fit to source spectra
tablea3.dat 56 35 ISOCAM YSOs (Bontemps et al. 2001, J/A+A/372/173)
undetected in the DROXO field of view
tablea4.dat 125 105 Spitzer IRAC fluxes of IR counterparts to DROXO
X-ray sources from the catalog by Evans et al.,
2003PASP..115..965E 2003PASP..115..965E
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See also:
J/A+A/359/113 : X-ray and IR study of rho Oph dark cloud (Grosso+, 2000)
J/ApJS/112/109 : rho Oph Near IR Positions and Photometry (Barsony+, 1997)
J/A+A/372/173 : ISOCAM observations of the rho Ophiuchi cloud (Bontemps+ 2001)
J/A+A/452/245 : Near-IR photometry of PMS stars in rho Oph (Natta+, 2006)
J/A+A/485/155 : HK photometry of rho Oph PMS stars (Alves de Oliveira+, 2008)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- DROXO [1/111] Source number
5- 6 I2 h RAh X-ray right ascension (J2000)
8- 9 I2 min RAm X-ray right ascension (J2000)
11- 14 F4.1 s RAs [0/60] X-ray right ascension (J2000)
16 A1 --- DE- X-ray declination sign (J2000)
17- 18 I2 deg DEd X-ray declination (J2000)
20- 21 I2 arcmin DEm X-ray declination (J2000)
23- 26 F4.1 arcsec DEs X-ray declination (J2000)
28- 30 F3.1 arcsec e_Pos Position accuracy (1)
32- 35 F4.1 arcmin Off-a Off-axis angle
37- 41 F5.1 ks texp Summed exposure times from the three EPIC
cameras
43- 49 F7.3 ct/ks CRate Count rate scaled to MOS detector units
51- 54 F4.2 ct/ks e_CRate rms uncertainty on CRate
56- 71 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS name (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
73- 75 I3 --- ISO ? ISOCAM identification number
(ISO-Oph NNN in Simbad) (2)
76 A1 --- --- [-]
77- 79 I3 --- ISO2 ? Second ISOCAM identification number
(ISO-Oph NNN in Simbad) (2)
81- 85 A5 --- Class SED classification given by Bontemps et al.
(2001, Cat. J/A+A/372/173) (G1)
88-107 A20 --- Name Literature name(s)
109 A1 --- Flag Flag for matches (3)
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Note (1): Coordinate errors take into account position uncertainties
calculated by the detection code and the best-match radius from the
optical/IR objects.
Note (2): Identifier from Bontemps et al. (2001, Cat. J/A+A/372/173)
Note (3): Flags as follows:
I = indicates a match in the ISOCAM survey Bontemps et al. (2001,
Cat. J/A+A/372/173). IRS 50 (Src. num 81) is listed in Bontemps
et al. (J/A+A/372/173), but undetected in the ISOCAM survey.
S = indicates a match with one or more Spitzer objects.
X = indicates a match only with X-ray sources detected in the surveys
Flaccomio et al. (Cat. J/A+A/455/903) or
Ozawa et al. (Cat. J/A+A/429/963).
U = indicates a source without any X-ray, optical and IR counterpart.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- DROXO [1/111] Source number
4 A1 --- n_DROXO [*] Individual note (1)
5- 11 A7 --- CCDs [M1, M2, PN] CCD name(s)
13- 16 A4 --- Instr [ALL, M1, M2, PN] Instrument(s)
17 A1 --- SNR [HL] Binning of the spectra we used
(High or Low SNR)
19- 24 A6 --- Model Model type used
26 A1 --- l_NH [~] Limit flag on NH
27- 32 F6.3 10+22cm-2 NH Hydrogen column density
33- 38 F6.3 10+22cm-2 NHu ? Upper limit of NH at 90% confidence
region of best fit (1)
39- 44 F6.3 10+22cm-2 NHl ? Lower limit of NH at 90% confidence
region of best fit
46 A1 --- l_kT1 Limit flag on kT1
47- 51 F5.2 keV kT1 Plasma temperature kT1
53- 57 F5.2 keV kT1u ? Upper limit of kT1 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
59- 63 F5.2 keV kT1l ? Lower limit of kT1 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
66- 70 F5.2 [cm-3] logEM1 Emission measure EM1 for kT1
72- 76 F5.2 [cm-3] logEM1u ? Upper limit of logEM1 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
78- 82 F5.2 [cm-3] logEM1l ? Lower limit of logEM1 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
84- 87 F4.2 keV kT2 ?=- Second plasma temperature kT2
89- 92 F4.2 keV kT2u ? Upper limit of kT2 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
94- 97 F4.2 keV kT2l ? Lower limit of kT2 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
99-103 F5.2 [cm-3] logEM2 ?=- Second emission measure EM2 for kT2
105-109 F5.2 [cm-3] logEM2u ? Upper limit of logEM2 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
111-115 F5.2 [cm-3] logEM2l ? Upper limit of logEM2 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
117-120 F4.2 keV kT3 ?=- Third plasma temperature kT3
122-125 F4.2 keV kT3u ? Upper limit of kT3 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
127-130 F4.2 keV kT3l ? Lower limit of kT3 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
132-136 F5.2 cm-3 EM3 ?=- Third emission measure EM3 for kT3
138-142 F5.2 cm-3 EM3u ? Upper limit of EM3 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
144-148 F5.2 cm-3 EM3l ? Lower limit of EM3 at 90% confidence
region of best fit
150-156 E7.2 [mW/m2] logFX Unabsorbed X-ray flux in 0.3-8keV band
158-161 F4.1 [10-7W] logLX Unabsorbed X-ray luminosity in 0.3-8keV band
163-168 F6.1 --- chi2 χ2 value
170-173 I4 --- DOF Degrees of freedom
175-180 E6.2 --- Prob Probability P(χ2>χ20) for fit
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Note (1): Individual notes as follows:
38 = (Elias 29) Fit with variable abundance (Z/ZCOUP=3.2∼Z☉)
53 = (Sr12A) P(χ2>χ20) is low but the overall spectrum
shape is well modeled with 3 thermal components.
Abundance was a free parameter: Z=0.3ZCOUP
54 = spectrum contamination from source No. 53, see Sect. 3.2.2 for details
61 = the best fit model is the sum of two differently absorbed APEC
models, the parameters in the table refer to the hot component.
The soft component has parameters: NH=3034x1020cm-2,
kT=0.470.230.67, logEM=50.4750.2451.28cm-3,
absorbed flux: fX(0.3-10keV band)=1.67aW/m2(x10-15erg/cm2/s)
unabsorbed flux: fX(0.3-10keV band)=1.99aW/m2(x10-15erg/cm2/s)
unabsorbed luminosity: LX=3.4x1020W (x1027erg/s)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
7- 10 F4.1 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
12 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
13- 14 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
16- 17 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
19- 20 I2 arcsec DEs [0/60] Declination (J2000)
22- 24 I3 --- ISO ISOCAM number (ISO-Oph NNN in Simbad)
26- 29 A4 --- Class SED classification given by Bontemps et al.
(2001, Cat. J/A+A/372/173) (G1)
31- 35 F5.3 kct/s CRate Upper limits to count rate (1)
37- 41 F5.1 ks texp Exposure time
43- 50 E8.3 [mW/m2] logFX X-ray flux in 0.3-10keV (2)
52- 56 F5.2 [10-7W] logLX X-ray luminosity in 0.3-10keV (2)
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Note (1): Count rates are scaled to MOS detector units as in Table A1 .
Note (2): For the ISOCAM YSOs Bontemps01 undetected in the DROXO field of
view. Fluxes and luminosities are calculated by assuming a conversion
factor from count rates of cf=6.1x10-11 and a distance of 120pc.
For ISOCAM nr. 92 (WL 16) we have taken into account the large
absorption toward this star (AV∼30mag, cf. Sect. 6.2).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- DROXO [1/111] Source number
5- 20 A16 --- C2D C2D name (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
22- 35 A14 --- Name Name(s)
37- 42 F6.3 --- alpha α index fitted from K to Spitzer MIPS1
band (2.2-24µm).
44- 52 F9.4 mJy F3.6um Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um flux
55- 63 F9.4 mJy F4.5um Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um flux
66- 75 F10.5 mJy F5.8um Spitzer/IRAC 5.8um flux
76- 86 F11.6 mJy F8.0um Spitzer/IRAC 8.0um flux
88- 96 F9.4 mJy F24um ?=- Spitzer/MIPS 24um flux
98-104 F7.1 mJy F70um ?=- Spitzer/MIPS 70um flux
106-125 A20 --- Class Classification given in Evans et al.,
2003PASP..115..965E 2003PASP..115..965E
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Global notes :
Note (G1): Class III candidates from Bontemps et al. (2001, Cat.
J/A+A/372/173) are indicated by "III?".
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Giardino et al., Paper I 2007A&A...475..891G 2007A&A...475..891G
Flaccomio et al., Paper II 2009A&A...505..695F 2009A&A...505..695F
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 15-Dec-2010