J/A+A/537/A141 UBVRI light curves of SN 2009E (Pastorello+, 2012)
SN 2009E: a faint clone of SN 1987A.
Pastorello A., Pumo M.L., Navasardyan H., Zampieri L., Turatto M.,
Sollerman J., Taddia F., Kankare E., Mattila S., Nicolas J., Prosperi E.,
San Segundo Delgado A., Taubenberger S., Boles T., Bachini M., Benetti S.,
Bufano F., Cappellaro E., Cason A.D., Cetrulo G., Ergon M., Germany L.,
Harutyunyan A., Howerton S., Hurst G.M., Patat F., Stritzinger M.,
Strolger L.-G., Wells W.
<Astron. Astrophys. 537, A141 (2012)>
=2012A&A...537A.141P 2012A&A...537A.141P
ADC_Keywords: Supernovae ; Photometry, UBVRI
Keywords: supernovae: general - supernovae: individual: SN 2009E -
supernovae: individual: SN 1987A - supernovae: individual: SN 1998A
Abstract:
1987A-like events form a rare sub-group of hydrogen-rich core-collapse
supernovae that are thought to originate from the explosion of blue
supergiant stars. Although SN 1987A is the best known supernova, very
few objects of this group have been discovered and, hence, studied.
In this paper we investigate the properties of SN 2009E, which
exploded in a relatively nearby spiral galaxy (NGC 4141) and that is
probably the faintest 1987A-like supernova discovered so far. We also
attempt to characterize this subgroup of core-collapse supernovae with
the help of the literature and present new data for a few additional
objects.
The lack of early-time observations from professional telescopes is
compensated by frequent follow-up observations performed by a number
of amateur astronomers. This allows us to reconstruct a well-sampled
light curve for SN 2009E. Spectroscopic observations which started
about 2 months after the supernova explosion, highlight significant
differences between SN 2009E and the prototypical SN 1987A. Modelling
the data of SN 2009E allows us to constrain the explosion parameters
and the properties of the progenitor star, and compare the inferred
estimates with those available for the similar SNe 1987A and 1998A.
The light curve of SN 2009E is less luminous than that of SN 1987A and
the other members of this class, and the maximum light curve peak is
reached at a slightly later epoch than in SN 1987A. Late-time
photometric observations suggest that SN 2009E ejected about
0.04M☉ of 56Ni, which is the smallest 56Ni mass in our
sample of 1987A-like events. Modelling the observations with a
radiation hydrodynamics code, we infer for SN 2009E a kinetic plus
thermal energy of about 0.6 foe, an initial radius of ∼7x1012cm and
an ejected mass of ∼19M☉. The photospheric spectra show a number
of narrow (v∼1800km/s) metal lines, with unusually strong BaII lines.
The nebular spectrum displays narrow emission lines of H, NaI, [CaII]
and [OI], with the [OI] feature being relatively strong compared to
the [CaII] doublet. The overall spectroscopic evolution is reminiscent
of that of the faint 56Ni-poor type II-plateau supernovae. This
suggests that SN 2009E belongs to the low-luminosity, low 56Ni mass,
low-energy tail in the distribution of the 1987A-like objects in the
same manner as SN 1997D and similar events represent the faint tail in
the distribution of physical properties for normal type II-plateau
supernovae.
Objects:
-----------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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12 09 49.6 +58 50 50 SN 2009E
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 85 128 Calibrated U B V R I band magnitudes of SN 2009E
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See also:
B/sn : Asiago Supernova Catalogue (Barbon et al., 1999-)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 "DD/MM/YYYY" Obs.Date Observation date
12- 21 F10.2 d JD Julian date
23 A1 --- l_Umag Limit flag on Umag
24- 28 F5.2 mag Umag ?=- Calibrated U magnitude
30- 33 F4.2 mag e_Umag ? rms uncertainty on Umag
35- 39 F5.2 mag Bmag ?=- Calibrated B magnitude
41- 44 F4.2 mag e_Bmag ? rms uncertainty on Bmag
46 A1 --- l_Vmag Limit flag on Vmag
47- 51 F5.2 mag Vmag ?=- Calibrated V magnitude
53- 56 F4.2 mag e_Vmag ? rms uncertainty on Vmag
58 A1 --- l_Rmag Limit flag on Rmag
59- 63 F5.2 mag Rmag ?=- Calibrated R magnitude
65- 68 F4.2 mag e_Rmag ? rms uncertainty on Rmag
70 A1 --- l_Imag Limit flag on Imag
71- 75 F5.2 mag Imag ?=- Calibrated I magnitude
77- 80 F4.2 mag e_Imag ? rms uncertainty on Imag
82- 83 I2 --- Inst Code for the different instrumental
configurations (1)
84- 85 A2 --- n_Inst [* ] Note (2)
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Note (1): Instrument code as follows:
1 = 0.36-m C14 reflector + Apogee AP7 CCD camera (Obs. T. Boles,
Coddendham Observatory, Suffolk, UK)
2 = 0.50-m Telescope + Apogee U6 CCD camera (Obs. M. Yoshida, Akeno
Observatory/ICRR, Yamanashi, Japan)
3 = 0.28-m C11 reflector + SBIG ST-8XME Kaf1602E CCD camera
(Obs. J. Nicolas, Vallauris, France)
4 = 0.28-m C11 reflector + SBIG ST-8XME Kaf1602E CCD camera
(Obs. J. M. Llapasset, Perpignan, France)
5 = 0.36-m C14 reflector + Apogee AP7 CCD camera
(Obs. O. Trondal, Groruddalen, Oslo, Norway)
6 = 0.36m Meade LX200 Telescope + SBIG ST-9XE CCD camera (Obs. E.
Prosperi, Osservatorio Astron. di Castelmartini, Larciano, Italy)
7 = 0.3-m Takahashi Mewlon 300 + SBIG ST-8E NABG camera
(obs. W. Wells, Gras-002, New Mexico, USA)
8 = 2.0-m Faulkes Telescope North + EM01 (Faulkees Telescope Archive -
Las Cumbres Observatory, Mt. Haleakala, Hawaii Islands, USA)
9 = 0.35-m Bradford Robotic Telescope + FLI MaxCam CM2-1 camera with E2V
CCD47-10 (Obs. G. Hurst, Tenerife Observatory, Canary Islands, Spain)
10 = 0.20-m C8 reflector + SBIG ST-9 Kaf0261 CCD camera (obs. A. San
Segundo Delgado, Observatorio El Guijo, Galapagar, Madrid, Spain)
11 = 0.25-m Newton Telescope + Meade DSI Pro camera with Sony EXView
HAD CCD (Obs. R. Mancini and F. Briganti, Associazione Astronomica
Isaac Newton, Stazione di Gavena, Cerreto Guidi, Italy)
12 = 0.40-m reflector + DTA camera with Kodak Kaf0260 CCD (G. Iacopini,
Osservatorio della Tavolaia, Associazione Astronomica Isaac Newton,
Santa Maria a Monte, Pisa, Italy)
13 = 0.25-m Meade 10" LX200 Telescope + SBIG ST-8XME Kaf1602E CCD
camera (Obs. A. D. Cason, Dawsonville, Georgia, USA)
14 = 0.5-m Newton-Cassegrain Telescope + Hi-Sis 44 CCD camera
(Obs. A. Dimai, Osservatorio di Col Driuscie, Cortina, Italy)
15 = 0.3-m Takahashi Mewlon 300 + FLI IMG1024 DM camera
(obs. S. Howerton, Gras-001, New Mexico, USA)
16 = 1.82-m Copernico Telescope + AFOSC (INAF - Osservatorio
Astronomico di Asiago, Mt. Ekar, Asiago, Italy)
17 = 0.30-m Meade LX200 Telescope + SBIG ST-10XME CCD camera
(Obs. E. Prosperi, Skylive Remote Facility, Osservatorio B40 Skylive,
Pedata, Catania, Italy)
18 = 2.56-m Nordic Optical Telescope + ALFOSC (La Palma, Canary Islands,
Spain)
19 = 0.7-m Ritchey-Chretien Telescope + Apogee Alta U9000 camera with
Kodak Kaf-09000 CCD (Obs. A. Englaro, I. Bano and G. Cetrulo,
Osservatorio Astronomico di Polse di Cougnes, Zuglio, Udine, Italy)
20 = 2.2-m Calar Alto Telescope + CAFOS (German-Spanish Astronomical
Center, Andalucia, Spain)
21 = 3.58-m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo + Dolores (Fundacion Galileo
Galilei - INAF, La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain)
Note (2): Notes as follows:
* = Unfiltered observations rescaled to R-band magnitudes
** = two epochs in which both filtered (V or I band) and unfiltered
observations were collected.
' = g'-band observation converted into Johnson-Bessell V band.
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Acknowledgements:
Andrea Pastorello, andrea.pastorello(at)oapd.inaf.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 01-Dec-2011