J/A+A/544/A9 The International Deep Planet Survey. I. (Vigan+, 2012)
The International Deep Planet Survey.
I. The frequency of wide-orbit massive planets around A-stars.
Vigan A., Patience J., Marois C., Bonavita M., De Rosa R. J., Macintosh B.,
Song I., Doyon R., Zuckerman B., Lafreniere D., Barman T.
<Astron. Astrophys. 544, A9 (2012)>
=2012A&A...544A...9V 2012A&A...544A...9V
ADC_Keywords: Stars, A-type ; Planets ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: instrumentation: adaptive optics -
instrumentation: high angular resolution - methods: observational -
stars: imaging - methods: statistical
Abstract:
Breakthrough direct detections of planetary companions orbiting A-type
stars confirm the existence of massive planets at relatively large
separations, but dedicated surveys are required to estimate the
frequency of similar planetary systems. To measure the first
estimation of the giant exoplanetary systems frequency at large
orbital separation around A-stars, we have conducted a deep-imaging
survey of young (8-400Myr), nearby (19-84pc) A- and F-stars to
search for substellar companions in the ∼10-300AU range. The sample
of 42 stars combines all A-stars observed in previous AO planet search
surveys reported in the literature with new AO observations from
VLT/NaCo and Gemini/NIRI. It represents an initial subset of the
International Deep Planet Survey (IDPS) sample of stars covering M- to
B-stars. The data were obtained with diffraction-limited observations
in H- and Ks-band combined with angular differential imaging to
suppress the speckle noise of the central stars, resulting in typical
5-sigma detection limits in magnitude difference of 12mag at 1", 14mag
at 2" and 16mag at 5" which is sufficient to detect massive planets. A
detailed statistical analysis of the survey results is performed using
Monte Carlo simulations. Considering the planet detections, we
estimate the fraction of A-stars having at least one massive planet
(3-14MJup) in the range 5-320AU to be inside 5.9-18.8% at 68%
confidence, assuming a flat distribution for the mass of the planets.
By comparison, the brown dwarf (15-75MJup) frequency for the sample
is 2.0-8.9% at 68% confidence in the range 5-320AU. Assuming power
law distributions for the mass and semimajor axis of the planet
population, the AO data are consistent with a declining number of
massive planets with increasing orbital radius which is distinct from
the rising slope inferred from radial velocity (RV) surveys around
evolved A-stars and suggests that the peak of the massive planet
population around A-stars may occur at separations between the ranges
probed by existing RV and AO observations. Finally, we report the
discovery of three new close M-star companions to HIP 104365 and
HIP 42334.
Description:
Information about the target sample, detection limits and the relative
position and photometry of all faint sources detected during the survey.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 113 42 Target sample and properties
table3.dat 70 42 Best 5-sigma detection limit for each target
of the sample
tablea1.dat 108 84 Properties of all detected candidate companions
at the different epochs
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See also:
I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP Star HIP number
8- 13 I6 --- HD Star HD number
15- 20 I6 --- HR ? Star HR number
22- 23 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000.0)
25- 26 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000.0)
28- 31 F4.1 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000.0)
33 A1 --- DE- Sign of Declination (J2000.0)
34- 35 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000.0)
37- 38 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000.0)
40- 43 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000.0)
45- 48 F4.1 pc Dist Heliocentric distance
50- 55 A6 --- SpT Star spectral type
57- 59 I3 Myr Age Estimated age
61- 62 I2 --- r_Age Estimated age reference (1)
64- 76 A13 --- MG Name of the moving group or association
78- 82 F5.2 mag B-V Hipparcos B-V color index
84- 87 F4.2 mag Vmag Hipparcos V magnitude
89- 92 F4.2 mag Hmag 2MASS H magnitude
94- 97 F4.2 mag Ksmag 2MASS Ks magnitude
99-101 A3 --- IRx [yes ] Detected infrared excess
103 I1 --- r_IRx ? Detected infrared excess reference (1)
105-113 A9 --- BinInfo Binarity information
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Note (1): List of age and IR excess reference as follows:
1 = Rhee et al., 2007, Cat. J/ApJ/660/1556
2 = Moor et al., 2011ApJ...740L...7M 2011ApJ...740L...7M
3 = Zuckerman et al., 2011ApJ...732...61Z 2011ApJ...732...61Z
4 = Su et al., 2006, Cat. J/ApJ/653/675
5 = Janson et al., 2011ApJ...736...89J 2011ApJ...736...89J
6 = Moor et al., 2006ApJ...644..525M 2006ApJ...644..525M
7 = Chauvin et al., 22010, Cat. J/A&A/509/A52
8 = Zuckerman et al., 2001ApJ...562L..87Z 2001ApJ...562L..87Z
9 = Tetzlaff et al., 2011, Cat. J/MNRAS/410/190
10 = Stauffer et al., 1995ApJ...454..910S 1995ApJ...454..910S
11 = see Sect. 2 of the paper
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of the star
15- 18 F4.1 mag c0.50 ? 5-σ contrast at 0.50" (1)
20- 23 F4.1 mag c0.60 ? 5-σ contrast at 0.60" (1)
25- 28 F4.1 mag c0.75 ? 5-σ contrast at 0.75" (1)
30- 33 F4.1 mag c1.00 ? 5-σ contrast at 1.00" (1)
35- 38 F4.1 mag c2.00 5-σ contrast at 2.00" (1)
40- 43 F4.1 mag c3.00 5-σ contrast at 3.00" (1)
45- 48 F4.1 mag c4.00 ? 5-σ contrast at 4.00" (1)
50- 53 F4.1 mag c5.00 ? 5-σ contrast at 5.00" (1)
55- 58 F4.1 mag c7.50 ? 5-σ contrast at 7.50" (1)
60- 63 F4.1 mag c10.0 ? 5-σ contrast at 10.00" (1)
65- 70 I6 --- HIP Star HIP number
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Note (1): Values are given in magnitude difference in the filter of the
observations: CH4s or K' for NIRI observations, Ks for NaCo observations.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file:tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- Name Name of the star
12 I1 --- CC [0/6] Identification number of the candidate
14- 23 A10 "YYYY-MM-DD" Date Observing UT date
25- 31 F7.2 yr Epoch Observing epoch
33- 36 A4 --- Instr Instrument name (NIRI or NaCo)
38- 41 A4 --- Filt [K' Ks CH4s] Filter of the observations
43- 48 F6.3 arcsec Sep Relative separation
50- 54 F5.3 arcsec e_Sep RMS uncertainty on separation
56- 61 F6.2 deg PA Relative position angle
63- 66 F4.2 deg e_PA RMS uncertainty on position angle
68- 72 F5.2 mag Dmag Contrast difference in filter
74- 77 F4.2 mag e_Dmag RMS uncertainty on contrast
79- 85 F7.2 AU pSep Projected physical separation
87- 90 F4.2 AU e_pSep RMS uncertainty on projected physical
separation
92-101 A10 --- Status Identification status (1)
103-108 I6 --- HIP Star HIP number
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Note (1): The status is either Background, Comoving or Undefined. Note that in
general, only candidates with projected separations larger than 320AU were
followed-up.
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Acknowledgements:
Arthur Vigan, arthur (at)astro.ex.ac.uk
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 18-Jun-2012