J/A+A/549/A110      Metal abundances of sdB stars     (Geier, 2013)

Hot subdwarf stars in close-up view. III. Metal abundances of subdwarf B stars. Geier S. <Astron. Astrophys. 549, A110 (2013)> =2013A&A...549A.110G 2013A&A...549A.110G
ADC_Keywords: Stars, subdwarf ; Stars, B-type ; Stars, atmospheres ; Abundances Keywords: stars: atmospheres - subdwarfs Abstract: Hot subdwarf B stars (sdBs) are considered to be core helium-burning stars with very thin hydrogen envelopes situated on or near the extreme horizontal branch (EHB). The formation of sdBs is still unclear as well as the chemical composition of their atmospheres. The observed helium depletion is attributed to atmospheric diffusion. Metal abundances have been determined for about a dozen sdBs only resulting in puzzling patterns with enrichment of heavy metals and depletion of lighter ones. In this paper we present a detailed metal abundance analysis of 106 sdBs. From high resolution spectra we measured elemental abundances of up to 24 different ions per star. A semi-automatic analysis pipeline was developed to calculate and fit LTE models to a standard set of spectral lines. A general trend of enrichment was found with increasing temperature for most of the heavier elements. The lighter elements like carbon, oxygen and nitrogen are depleted and less affected by temperature. Although there is considerable scatter from star to star, the general abundance patterns in most sdBs are similar. State-of-the-art diffusion models predict such patterns and are in qualitative agreement with our results. However, the highest enrichments measured cannot not be explained with these models. Peculiar line shapes of the strongest metal lines in some stars indicate vertical stratification to be present in the atmospheres. Such effects are not accounted for in current diffusion models and may be responsible for some of the yet unexplained abundance anomalies. Description: Metal abundances of 106 field sdB stars are given (Table A.1-A.3). File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file abund.dat 301 106 Metal abundances -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: J/A+A/442/1023 : Radial velocity of 17 bright subdwarf B (Edelmann+, 2005) J/A+A/513/A6 : NOT survey of subdwarf B stars (Ostensen+, 2010) Byte-by-byte Description of file: abund.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 13 A13 --- Name Star name 15- 24 A10 --- n_Name Variability or peculiarity (1) 26- 30 I5 K Teff Effective temperature 32 A1 --- l_HeI/II Upper limit flag on HeI/II 33- 37 F5.2 --- HeI/II He abundance 39 A1 --- l_CII Upper limit flag on CII 40- 43 F4.2 --- CII ?=- CII abundance 45- 48 F4.2 --- e_CII ?=- uncertainty of CII 50 A1 --- l_CIII Upper limit flag on CIII 51- 54 F4.2 --- CIII ?=- CIII abundance 56- 59 F4.2 --- e_CIII ?=- uncertainty of CIII 61 A1 --- l_NII Upper limit flag on NII 62- 65 F4.2 --- NII ?=- NII abundance 67- 70 F4.2 --- e_NII ?=- uncertainty of NII 72 A1 --- l_NIII Upper limit flag on NIII 73- 76 F4.2 --- NIII ?=- NIII abundance 78- 81 F4.2 --- e_NIII ?=- uncertainty of NIII 83 A1 --- l_OII Upper limit flag on OII 84- 87 F4.2 --- OII ?=- OII abundance 89- 92 F4.2 --- e_OII ?=- uncertainty of OII 94 A1 --- l_NeII Upper limit flag on NeII 95- 98 F4.2 --- NeII ?=- NeII abundance 100-103 F4.2 --- e_NeII ?=- uncertainty of NeII 105 A1 --- l_MgII Upper limit flag on MgII 106-109 F4.2 --- MgII ?=- MgII abundance 111-114 F4.2 --- e_MgII ?=- uncertainty of MgII 116 A1 --- l_AlIII Upper limit flag on AlIII 117-120 F4.2 --- AlIII ?=- AlIII abundance 122-125 F4.2 --- e_AlIII ?=- uncertainty of AlIII 127 A1 --- l_SiIII Upper limit flag on SiIII 128-131 F4.2 --- SiIII ?=- SiIII abundance 133-136 F4.2 --- e_SiIII ?=- uncertainty of SiIII 138 A1 --- l_SiIV Upper limit flag on SiIV 139-142 F4.2 --- SiIV ?=- SiIV abundance 144-147 F4.2 --- e_SiIV ?=- uncertainty of SiIV 149 A1 --- l_PIII Upper limit flag on PIII 150-153 F4.2 --- PIII ?=- PIII abundance 155-158 F4.2 --- e_PIII ?=- uncertainty of PIII 160 A1 --- l_SII Upper limit flag on SII 161-164 F4.2 --- SII ?=- SII abundance 166-169 F4.2 --- e_SII ?=- uncertainty of SII 171 A1 --- l_SIII Upper limit flag on SIII 172-175 F4.2 --- SIII ?=- SIII abundance 177-180 F4.2 --- e_SIII ?=- uncertainty of SIII 182 A1 --- l_ArII Upper limit flag on ArII 183-186 F4.2 --- ArII ?=- ArII abundance 188-191 F4.2 --- e_ArII ?=- uncertainty of ArII 193 A1 --- l_KII Upper limit flag on KII 194-197 F4.2 --- KII ?=- KII abundance 199-202 F4.2 --- e_KII ?=- uncertainty of KII 204 A1 --- l_CaIII Upper limit flag on CaIII 205-208 F4.2 --- CaIII ?=- CaIII abundance 210-213 F4.2 --- e_CaIII ?=- uncertainty of CaIII 215 A1 --- l_ScIII Upper limit flag on ScIII 216-219 F4.2 --- ScIII ?=- ScIII abundance 221-224 F4.2 --- e_ScIII ?=- uncertainty of ScIII 226 A1 --- l_TiIII Upper limit flag on TiIII 227-230 F4.2 --- TiIII ?=- TiIII abundance 232-235 F4.2 --- e_TiIII ?=- uncertainty of TiIII 237 A1 --- l_TiIV Upper limit flag on TiIV 238-241 F4.2 --- TiIV ?=- TiIV abundance 243-246 F4.2 --- e_TiIV ?=- uncertainty of TiIV 248 A1 --- l_VIII Upper limit flag on VIII 249-252 F4.2 --- VIII ?=- VIII abundance 254-257 F4.2 --- e_VIII ?=- uncertainty of VIII 259 A1 --- l_CrIII Upper limit flag on CrIII 260-263 F4.2 --- CrIII ?=- CrIII abundance 265-268 F4.2 --- e_CrIII ?=- uncertainty of CrIII 270 A1 --- l_FeIII Upper limit flag on FeIII 271-274 F4.2 --- FeIII ?=- FeIII abundance 276-279 F4.2 --- e_FeIII ?=- uncertainty of FeIII 281 A1 --- l_CoIII Upper limit flag on CoIII 282-285 F4.2 --- CoIII ?=- CoIII abundance 287-290 F4.2 --- e_CoIII ?=- uncertainty of CoIII 292 A1 --- l_ZnIII Upper limit flag on ZnIII 293-296 F4.2 --- ZnIII ?=- ZnIII abundance 298-301 F4.2 --- e_ZnIII ?=- uncertainty of ZnIII -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): Notes as follows: r = Radial velocity variable sdB 1 = Long-period pulsator of sdBVs-type s = Short-period pulsator of sdBVr-type p(X) = Peculiar line profiles detected for lines of ion X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Stephan Geier, sgeier (at)eso.org References: Geier et al., Paper I 2010A&A...519A..25G 2010A&A...519A..25G Geier & Heber, Paper II 2012A&A...543A.149G 2012A&A...543A.149G
(End) Stephan Geier [ESO Garching, Germany], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 26-Nov-2012
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