J/A+A/557/A12 Optical light curves of γ-ray bursts (Zaninoni+, 2013)
Gamma-ray burst optical light-curve zoo: comparison with the X-ray observations.
Zaninoni E., Bernardini M.G., Margutti R., Oates S., Chincarini G.
<Astron. Astrophys. 557, A12 (2013)>
=2013A&A...557A..12Z 2013A&A...557A..12Z
ADC_Keywords: Gamma rays ; Models ; Photometry
Keywords: gamma-ray bursts: general - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
Abstract:
We present a comprehensive analysis of the optical and X-ray light
curves (LCs) and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of a large
sample of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows to investigate the
relationship between the optical and X-ray emission after the prompt
phase. We consider all data available in the literature, which where
obtained with different instruments.
We collected the optical data from the literature and determined the
shapes of the optical LCs. Then, using previously presented X-ray data
we modeled the optical/X-ray SEDs. We studied the SED parameter
distributions and compared the optical and X-ray LC slopes and shapes.
Description:
- Parameters of the fit of the optical light-curves for all gamma-ray
bursts (GRBs) of our sample and for all considered filters.
- Parameters of the fit of the optical/X-ray spectral energy
distributions (SEDs) for the GRBs of our sample both for a
single-power law and broken power-law fit function.
- Redshift and luminosity distance.
- Optical data used for the SED.
- If there is not a value, we put '-9.00'.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
sample.dat 37 68 Sample of the γ-ray bursts (GRB) studied
tablea1.dat 35 29 Conversion factors used to convert magnitude
into flux density
tablec1.dat 359 371 Optical light-curve fit parameters
tablec2.dat 123 136 Parameters of the SED fitted with a single power-law
tablec3.dat 156 136 Parameters of the SED fitted with a broken power-law
tablec4.dat 64 136 Parameters of the fit of the X-ray spectrum
tablec5.dat 20 68 Redshift and luminosity distance
tablec6.dat 44 514 Optical data used in the SED
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: sample.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [GRB]
5- 11 A7 --- GRB GRB name (DDMMYYA)
15- 16 I2 h RAh Simbad Right ascension (J2000)
18- 19 I2 min RAm Simbad Right ascension (J2000)
21- 25 F5.2 s RAs Simbad Right ascension (J2000)
27 A1 --- DE- Simbad Declination sign (J2000)
28- 29 I2 deg DEd Simbad Declination (J2000)
31- 32 I2 arcmin DEm Simbad Declination (J2000)
34- 37 F4.1 arcsec DEs Simbad Declination (J2000)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 A5 --- Filt Filter name
7- 13 F7.1 0.1nm lambda Central wavelength λ of Filt (Å)
15- 18 I4 0.1nm FWHM FWHM of Filt (Å)
20- 25 F6.1 Jy Flux0 Flux density in Filt at mag=0
27 I1 --- Ref Reference (1)
29- 35 A7 --- Sys Photometric system: 2MASS, Bessel, Gunn,
Johnson, Cousins, Sloan or UVOT
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Note (1): References as follows:
1 = http://www.ipac.caltech.edu/2mass/releases/allsky/faq.html#jansky
2 = UVOT calibration files
3 = Fukugita et al. (1995PASP..107..945F 1995PASP..107..945F)
4 = http://svo.cab.intacsic.es/
5 = Schneider et al. (1983ApJ...264..337S 1983ApJ...264..337S)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB name
9- 13 A5 --- Filt Filter name
15 I1 --- Fit [0/9] Fit flag (defines the fit function) (1)
17 I1 --- Ok [0/1] 1 = Ok flag (2)
19- 26 F8.1 s Tmin Initial observer time after the trigger
28- 37 F10.1 s Tmax Final observer time after the trigger
39- 47 F9.1 s tbr1 ?=-9 Break time 1
49- 62 F14.1 s e_tbr1 ?=-9 Error of the break time 1
64- 72 F9.1 s tbr2 ?=-9 Break time 2
74- 84 F11.1 s e_tbr2 ?=-9 Error of the break time 2
86- 94 F9.1 s tbr3 ?=-9 Break time 3
96-104 F9.1 s e_tbr3 ?=-9 Error of the break time 3
106-115 E10.4 --- a1 Slope 1
117-125 E9.4 --- e_a1 Error of slope 1
127-136 E10.4 --- a2 ?=-9 Slope 2
138-147 E10.4 --- e_a2 ?=-9 Error of slope 2
149-158 E10.4 --- a3 ?=-9 Slope 3
160-169 E10.4 --- e_a3 ?=-9 Error of slope 3
171-180 E10.4 --- a4 ?=-9 Slope 4
182-191 E10.4 --- e_a4 ?=-9 Error of slope 4
193-202 E10.4 --- a5 ?=-9 Slope 5
204-213 E10.4 --- e_a5 ?=-9 Error of slope 5
215-224 E10.4 --- a6 ?=-9 Slope 6
226-235 E10.4 --- e_a6 ?=-9 Error of slope 6
237-240 F4.1 --- s1 ?=-9 Smoothness parameter 1
242-245 F4.1 --- s2 ?=-9 Smoothness parameter 2
247-250 F4.1 --- s3 ?=-9 Smoothness parameter 3
252-263 E12.7 Jy norm1 Normalization 1
265-277 E13.7 Jy e_norm1 Error of normalization 1
279-291 E13.7 Jy norm2 ?=-9 Normalization 2
293-305 E13.7 Jy e_norm2 ?=-9 Error of normalization 2
307-319 E13.7 Jy norm3 ?=-9 Normalization 3
321-333 E13.7 Jy e_norm3 ?=-9 Error of normalization 3
335-341 F7.2 --- chi2 χ2 of fit
343-348 F6.2 --- dof Degree of freedom
350-359 E10.4 --- Pval [-1/1] P-value (G5)
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Note (1): Fit function flag as follows:
0 = f(t) = norm1*t-a1
1 = f(t) = norm1*((t/tbr1)(-a1/s1)+(t/tbr2)(-a2/s1))s1
2 = f(t) = norm1*((t/tbr1)(-a1/s1)+(t/tbr2)(-a2/s1))s1+
norm2*((t/tbr3)(-a3/s2)+(t/tbr4)(-a4/s2))s2
4 = f(t) = norm1*((t/tbr1)(-a1/s1)+(t/tbr2)(-a2/s1))s1+
norm2*(t)-a3
6 = f(t) = norm1*((t/tbr1)(-a1/s1)+(t/tbr2)(-a2/s1))s1+
norm2*(t)-a3
8 = f(t) = norm1*((t/tbr1)(-a1/s1)+(t/tbr2)(-a2/s1))s1+
norm2*((t/tbr3)(-a3/s2)+(t/tbr4)(-a4/s2))s2+
norm3*((t/tbr5)(-a5/s3)+(t/tbr6)(-a4/s3))s3
9 = f(t) = norm1*((t/tbr1)(-a1/s1)+(t/tbr2)(-a2/s1))s1+
norm2*((t/tbr3)(-a3/s2)+(t/tbr4)(-a4/s2))s2+
norm3*(t)-a5
Note (2): the ok flag means:
1 = these data are used in Figures 1-9 and in the comparison between the
the X-ray and optical slopes (See Sect. 3.4)
0 = otherwise
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB name
9- 11 A3 --- Host Extinction law chosen (G1)
13 A1 --- Part Part of X-ray light-curve interested (G2)
15- 19 F5.3 --- beta Spectral slope β (G4)
21- 25 F5.3 --- e_beta Error of the spectral slope
27- 32 F6.3 10+22cm-2 NH Hydrogen column density
34- 39 F6.3 10+22cm-2 e_NH Error of the hydrogen column density
41- 47 F7.3 mag E(B-V) Optical absorption
49- 55 F7.3 mag e_E(B-V) Error of the optical absorption
57- 66 F10.3 mJy norm Normalization factor f0 (G4)
68- 78 F11.3 mJy e_norm Error of the normalization
80- 88 E9.3 --- Chi2 χ2 of fit
90- 92 I3 --- DOF Number of degrees of freedom
94-105 E12.3 --- Pval [-0.1/1] P-value (G5)
107-113 I7 s Tstart Initial observer time
115-121 I7 s Tend End observer time
123 I1 --- ok [0/1] Best fit function flag (G3)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB name
9- 11 A3 --- Host Extinction law chosen (G1)
13 A1 --- Part Part of X-ray light-curve interested (G2)
15- 20 F6.3 --- beta1 Optical spectral slope β1 (G4)
22- 26 F5.3 --- e_beta1 Error of optical spectral slope
28- 32 F5.3 --- beta2 X-ray spectral slope β2 (G4)
34- 39 F6.3 --- e_beta2 Error of X-ray spectral slope
41- 48 F8.3 10+15Hz nubr Obs frame break frequency νbr (G4)
50- 62 F13.3 10+15Hz e_nubr Error of break frequency
64- 70 F7.3 10+22cm-2 NH Hydrogen column density
72- 78 F7.3 10+22cm-2 e_NH Error of the hydrogen column density
80- 86 F7.3 mag E(B-V) Optical absorption
88- 94 F7.3 mag e_E(B-V) Error of the optical absorption
96-102 F7.3 mJy norm Normalization F0 (G4)
104-113 F10.3 mJy e_norm Error of the normalization
115-123 E9.3 --- Chi2 χ2 of fit
125-127 I3 --- DOF Number of degrees of freedom
129-138 E10.3 --- Pval [-1/1] P-value (G5)
140-146 I7 s Tstart Initial observer time
148-154 I7 s Tend End observer time
156 I1 --- ok [0/1] Best fit function flag (G3)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB name
9- 15 F7.3 keV norm Normalization f0 (G4)
17- 23 F7.3 keV e_norm Error of normalization
25- 29 F5.3 --- beta X-ray spectral index β (G4)
31- 35 F5.3 --- e_beta Error of X-ray spectral index
37- 42 F6.3 10+22cm-2 NH Hydrogen column density
44- 48 F5.3 10+22cm-2 e_NH Error of the hydrogen column density
50- 56 I7 s Tstart Initial observer time
58- 64 I7 s Tend End observer time
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB name
9- 13 F5.3 --- z Redshift (1)
15- 20 F6.3 Gpc DL Luminosity distance (1)
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Note (1): from Margutti et al., 2013MNRAS.428..729M 2013MNRAS.428..729M, The prompt-afterglow
connection in gamma-ray bursts: a comprehensive statistical analysis of
Swift X-ray light curves
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablec6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB name
9- 13 A5 --- Filt Filter name
15- 19 I5 0.1nm lambda Central wavelength λ of Filt (Å)
21- 24 I4 0.1nm FWHM FWHM of filter (Å)
26- 34 E9.3 mJy Flux Flux in Filt
36- 44 E9.3 mJy e_Flux Error of the flux
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Global notes:
Note (G1): The extinction law chosen to fit the optical/X-ray SED is as follows:
MW = Milky Way
LMC = Large Magellanic Cloud
SMC = Small Magellanic Cloud
Note (G2): X-ray light-curve interested in the SED as follows:
S = Steep decay
P = Plateau
N = Normal decay
Note (G3): Best fit function flag as follows:
1 = the best fit function is a single power-law
0 = the best fit function is a broken power-law
Note (G4): the spectral fits are described by
* a single power-law: f(ν)=f0ν-β
* a broken power-law: f(ν)=F0[ν-β1Y(νbr-ν) +
ν-β2Y(ν-νbr)]
if Y(x) is the step function (Y(x)=1 for x≥0, Y(x)=0 otherwise)
Note (G5): the p-value represents the probability of obtaining a test
statistic at least as extreme as the one that was actually observed,
assuming that the null hypothesis is true.
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Acknowledgements:
Elena Zaninoni, elena.zaninoni(at)brera.inaf.it
(End) Elena Zaninoni [INAF-OAB], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 20-Apr-2013