J/A+A/568/A26       SACY. V. Multiple systems                (Elliott+, 2014)
Search for associations containing young stars (SACY).
V. Is multiplicity universal? Tight multiple systems.
    Elliott P., Bayo A., Melo C.H.F., Torres C.A.O., Sterzik G.R., Quast M.
   <Astron. Astrophys. 568, A26 (2014)>
   =2014A&A...568A..26E 2014A&A...568A..26E
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Binaries, spectroscopic ;
              Stars, pre-main sequence ; Radial velocities
Keywords: stars: formation - binaries: spectroscopic -
          techniques: radial velocities - stars: pre-main sequence -
          techniques: spectroscopic - stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be
Abstract:
    Dynamically undisrupted, young populations of stars are crucial in
    studying the role of multiplicity in relation to star formation. Loose
    nearby associations provide us with a great sample of close (<150pc)
    pre-main sequence (PMS) stars across the very important age range
    (∼5-70Myr) to conduct such research.
    We characterize the short period multiplicity fraction of the search
    for associations containing young stars (SACY) sample, accounting for
    any identifiable bias in our techniques and present the role of
    multiplicity fractions of the SACY sample in the context of star
    formation.
    Using the cross-correlation technique we identified double-lined and
    triple-lined spectroscopic systems (SB2/SB3s), in addition to this we
    computed radial velocity (RV) values for our subsample of SACY targets
    using several epochs of fiber-fed extended range optical spectrograph
    (FEROS) and ultraviolet and visual echelle spectrograph (UVES) data.
    These values were used to revise the membership of each association
    that was then combined with archival data to determine significant RV
    variations across different data epochs characteristic of
    multiplicity; single-lined multiple systems (SB1). Results: We
    identified seven new multiple systems (SB1s: 5, SB2s: 2). We find no
    significant difference between the short period multiplicity fraction
    (Fm) of the SACY sample and that of close star-forming regions
    (~-2Myr) and the field (Fm≤10%). These are seen both as a function
    of age and as a function of primary mass, M1, in the ranges P
    [1:200day] and M2 [0.08M☉-M1], respectively.
    Our results are consistent with the picture of universal star
    formation, when compared to the field and close star-forming regions
    (SFRs). We comment on the implications of the relationship between
    increasing multiplicity fraction with the primary mass within the
    close companion range in relation to star formation.
Description:
    Radial velocity values of approximately 250 pre-main sequence stars
    were calculated from the cross-correlation technique using
    high-resolution spectra from UVES and FEROS. We identified
    single-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB1s) and double- and
    triple-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s/SB3s) using these values
    in combination with available catalogue data. We used the number of
    identified systems to derive the fraction of spectroscopic binaries
    in our sample and comment on the implications in the context of star
    formation.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 FileName   Lrecl  Records  Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe         80        .  This file
aver-rv.dat    70      442  Radial velocities used in this work
sb2-rv.dat     98       33  Component radial velocity values for SB2/SB3 systems
members.dat    86      458  Membership list used in this work
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
       III/105    : CORAVEL Radial Velocities of Southern Stars (Andersen+ 1985)
       III/249    : Stellar RV bibliographic catalog (Malaroda+, 2006)
       III/252    : Pulkovo RV for 35493 HIP stars (Gontcharov, 2006)
       III/272    : RAVE 4th data release (Kordopatis+, 2013)
 J/A+A/460/695    : SACY. I. (Torres+, 2006)
 J/A+A/508/833    : SACY. III. Li abundances (da Silva+, 2009)
 J/MNRAS/431/1005 : IC 2391 and Argus young stars (de Silva+, 2013)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: aver-rv.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 22  A22   ---     Name      Star name
  24- 25  I2    h       RAh       Right ascension (J2000.0)
  27- 28  I2    min     RAm       Right ascension (J2000.0)
  30- 33  F4.1  s       RAs       Right ascension (J2000.0)
      35  A1    ---     DE-       Declination sign (J2000.0)
  36- 37  I2    deg     DEd       Declination (J2000.0)
  39- 40  I2    arcmin  DEm       Declination (J2000.0)
  42- 43  I2    arcsec  DEs       Declination (J2000.0)
  45- 46  I2    ---     Nobs      [1/11]? Number of observations
  48- 53  F6.2  km/s    RV        Radial velocity
  56- 59  F4.2  km/s  e_RV        ? Radial velocity error
      60  A1    ---   n_RV        [AB] Reliability of RV error (1)
      62  A1    ---   r_RV        [a-v] Reference for value used (2)
      64  A1    ---     Mmb       [N] Member of association with new data (N=No)
  66- 68  A3    ---     Ass       Association (G2)
      70  A1    ---   n_Name      [B] Potential SB2 system (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Uncertainties with value (A) or (B) are from de Bruijne and Eilers,
   2012A&A...546A..61D 2012A&A...546A..61D, Cat. J/A+A/546/A61, with the following meaning:
   A = The standard errors are generally reliable
   B = Potential, small, uncorrected systematic errors
Note (2): References as follows:
    a = Turon et al., 1993BICDS..43....5T 1993BICDS..43....5T, Cat. I/196
    b = Ivanov, 2008KFNT...24..480I 2008KFNT...24..480I, Cat. IV/30
    c = Andersen et al., 1985A&AS...59...15A 1985A&AS...59...15A, Cat. III/105
    d = Reid et al., 1995AJ....110.1838R 1995AJ....110.1838R, Cat. III/198
    e = Malaroda et al., 2006yCat.3249....0M 2006yCat.3249....0M, Cat, III/249
    f = Gontcharov, 2006AstL...32..759G 2006AstL...32..759G, Cat III/252
    g = Kharchenko et al., 2007AN....328..889K 2007AN....328..889K, Cat. J/AN/328/889
    h = Siebert et al., 2011AJ....141..187S 2011AJ....141..187S, Cat. III/265
    i = Rocha-Pinto et al., 2004A&A...423..517R 2004A&A...423..517R, Cat. J/A+A/423/517
    j = Torres et al., 2006A&A...460..695T 2006A&A...460..695T, Cat. J/A+A/460/695
    k = Maldonado et al., 2010A&A...521A..12M 2010A&A...521A..12M, Cat. J/A+A/521/A12
    l = Casagrande et al., 2011A&A...530A.138C 2011A&A...530A.138C, Cat, J/A+A/530/A138
    m = Jenkins et al., 2011A&A...531A...8J 2011A&A...531A...8J, Cat. J/A+A/531/A8
    n = de Bruijne and Eilers, 2012A&A...546A..61D 2012A&A...546A..61D, Cat. J/A+A/546/A61
    o = Lopez Marti et al., 2013A&A...551A..46L 2013A&A...551A..46L, Cat. J/A+A/551/A46
    p = Strassmeier et al., 2000A&AS..142..275S 2000A&AS..142..275S, Cat. J/A+AS/142/275
    q = White et al., 2007AJ....133.2524W 2007AJ....133.2524W, Cat. J/AJ/133/2425
    r = Song et al., 2012AJ....144....8S 2012AJ....144....8S, Cat. J/AJ/144/8
    s = Bobylev et al., 2006ARep...50..733B 2006ARep...50..733B, Cat. J/AZh/83/821
    t = Kiraga, 2012AcA....62...67K 2012AcA....62...67K, Cat. J/AcA/62/67
    u = Anderson & Francis, 2012AstL...38..331A 2012AstL...38..331A, Cat. V/137
    v = Kordopatis et al., 2013AJ....146..134K 2013AJ....146..134K, Cat. III/272
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: sb2-rv.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 22  A22   ---     Name      Star name
  24- 25  I2    h       RAh       Right ascension (J2000.0)
  27- 28  I2    min     RAm       Right ascension (J2000.0)
  30- 33  F4.1  s       RAs       Right ascension (J2000.0)
      35  A1    ---     DE-       Declination sign (J2000.0)
  36- 37  I2    deg     DEd       Declination (J2000.0)
  39- 40  I2    arcmin  DEm       Declination (J2000.0)
  42- 43  I2    arcsec  DEs       Declination (J2000.0)
  45- 51  F7.1  d       MJD       Modified Julian date of observation
  53- 55  A3    ---     Ass       Association (G2)
  57- 60  F4.2  ---     F2/1      ? Flux ratio of 2nd component to 1st
  62- 65  F4.2  ---     F3/1      ? Flux ratio of 3rd component to 1st
  67- 71  F5.1  km/s    RV1       Radial velocity of 1st component
  73- 75  F3.1  km/s  e_RV1       Error on RV1
  77- 81  F5.1  km/s    RV2       Radial velocity if 2nd component
  83- 85  F3.1  km/s  e_RV2       Error on RV2
  87- 90  F4.1  km/s    RV3       ? Radial velocity of 3rd component value
  92- 94  F3.1  km/s  e_RV3       ? Error on RV3
      96  A1    ---     Mmb       [N] Member of association with new data (N=No)
      98  A1    ---   n_Name      [A] Target not in Simbad (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: members.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 22  A22   ---     Name      Star name
  24- 25  I2    h       RAh       Right ascension (J2000.0)
  27- 28  I2    min     RAm       Right ascension (J2000.0)
  30- 33  F4.1  s       RAs       Right ascension (J2000.0)
      35  A1    ---     DE-       Declination sign (J2000.0)
  36- 37  I2    deg     DEd       Declination (J2000.0)
  39- 40  I2    arcmin  DEm       Declination (J2000.0)
  42- 43  I2    arcsec  DEs       Declination (J2000.0)
  45- 49  F5.2  mag     Vmag      Magnitude in V
  51- 56  F6.1  pc      Xpos      X galactic position (distance)
  58- 63  F6.1  pc      Ypos      Y galactic position (distance)
  65- 69  F5.1  pc      Zpos      Z galactic position (distance)
  71- 75  F5.1  pc      D         Distance [sqrt(X2+Y2+Z2)]
  77- 78  A2    ---     SpT       Spectral type
  80- 82  A3    ---     Ass       Association (G2)
      84  A1    ---     Mmb       [N] Member of association with new data (N)=No
      86  A1    ---   n_Name      [A] Target not in Simbad (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global notes:
Note (G1): Notes as follows:
   A = This target has no SIMBAD entry within 5arcsec at the date of publication
   B = Potential SB2 system, see Appendix B.4 for details
Note (G2): the association are abbreviated as follows:
   ABD = AB Dor (34±26pc, 50-100Myr)
   ARG = Argos (106±51pc, 10-50Myr)
   BPC = β Pic (31±21pc, 2-20Myr)
   CAR = Carina (85±35pc, 10-35Myr)
   COL = Columba (82±30pc, 15-70Myr)
   ECH = ε Cha (108±9pc, 6-7Myr)
   OCT = Octans (141±34pc, 10-30Myr)
   THA = Tuc-Hor (48±7pc, 10-30Myr)
   TWA = TW Hya (48±13pcn 5-10Myr)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
    Paul Elliott, pelliott(at)eso.org
References:
    Torres et al.,        Paper I   2006A&A...460..695T 2006A&A...460..695T, Cat. J/A+A/460/695
    Almeida Viana et al., Paper II  2009A&A...501..965A 2009A&A...501..965A
    da Silva et al.,      Paper III 2009A&A...508..833D 2009A&A...508..833D, Cat. J/A+A/508/833
    de Silva et al.,      Paper IV  2013MNRAS.431.1005D 2013MNRAS.431.1005D, Cat. J/MNRAS/431/1005
(End)     Paul Elliott [ESO, Chile], Patricia Vannier [CDS]          23-Jun-2014