J/A+A/573/A126 VLT/NaCo Large program I. Sample (Desidera+, 2015)
The VLT/NaCo Large program to probe the occurrence of exoplanets and brown
dwarfs in wide orbits.
I. Sample definition and characterization.
Desidera S., Covino E., Messina S., Carson J., Hagelberg J., Schlieder J.E.,
Biazzo K., Alcala J., Chauvin G., Vigan A., Beuzit J.L., Bonavita M.,
Bonnefoy M., Delorme P., D'Orazi V., Esposito M., Feldt M., Girardi L.,
Gratton R., Henning T., Lagrange A.M., Lanzafame A.C., Launhardt R.,
Marmier M., Melo C., Meyer M., Mouillet D., Moutou C., Segransan D.,
Udry S., Zaidi C.M.
<Astron. Astrophys. 573, A126 (2015)>
=2015A&A...573A.126D 2015A&A...573A.126D
ADC_Keywords: Stars, pre-main sequence ; Radial velocities ; Stars, ages ;
Photometry
Keywords: stars: fundamental parameters - stars: rotation - stars: activity -
stars: pre-main sequence - binaries: general -
stars: kinematics and dynamics
Abstract:
Young, close stars are ideal targets for searching planets using the
direct imaging technique. The determination of stellar parameters is
crucial for the interpretation of imaging survey results, particularly
since the luminosity of substellar objects has a strong dependence on
system age. We have conducted a large program with NaCo at the VLT to
search for planets and brown dwarfs in wide orbits around 86 stars. A
large fraction of the targets observed with NaCo were poorly
investigated in the literature.
We performed a study to characterize the fundamental properties (age,
distance, and mass) of the stars in our sample. To improve target age
determinations, we compiled and analyzed a complete set of age
diagnostics. We measured spectroscopic parameters and age diagnostics
using dedicated observations acquired with FEROS and CORALIE
spectrographs at La Silla Observatory. We also made extensive use of
archival spectroscopic data and the results that are available in the
literature.
Additionally, we exploited photometric time-series, which are
available in ASAS and Super-WASP archives, to derive a rotational
period for a large fraction of our program stars.
We provided updated characterization of all the targets observed in
the VLT NaCo Large program, a survey designed to probe the occurrence
of exoplanets and brown dwarfs in wide orbits. The median distance and
age of our program stars are 64pc and 100Myr, respectively. Nearly
all the stars have masses between 0.70 and 1.50M☉, with a median
value of 1.01M☉. The typical metallicity is close to solar with
a dispersion that is smaller than that of samples usually observed in
radial velocity surveys. Several stars are confirmed or proposed here
to be members of close young moving groups. Eight spectroscopic
binaries are identified.
Description:
Stellar parameters for 86 stars observed in NaCo Large Program and
their wide companions are presented. These include coordinates,
magnitudes, spectral types, metallicity, mass, distance, radial
velocities, proper motions, space velocities Xray luminosity,
chromospheric emission, rotation period, projected rotational
velocity, lithium equivalent width, effective temperature, age (Tables
9-12). Table D1 summarizes the details of the rotation period search
(results for individual segments and for the whole timeseries).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 121 79 Measured parameters of NACO-LP targets on
FEROS spectra
table2.dat 86 6 Measurements of spectroscopic parameters from
CORALIE RV survey
table3.dat 79 13 Measurements of spectroscopic parameters from
dedicated CORALIE observations
table4.dat 143 16 Measurements of spectroscopic parameters from
HARPS spectra
table5.dat 37 16 Close visual binaries discovered or confirmed
by NaCo-LP AO observations
table6.dat 82 15 Wide binaries in the NaCo-LP sample
table7.dat 57 15 Spectroscopic and astrometric binaries in the
NaCo-LP sample
table8.dat 95 21 Properties of young moving groups (MGs)
table9.dat 152 101 Sample
table10.dat 173 101 Properties
table11.dat 131 101 Spectroscopic parameters
table12.dat 130 101 Ages
tabled1.dat 108 402 Details of photometric analysis
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Name1 Target name
16 A1 --- m_Name1 [abAB] Multiplicity index on Name1
18- 27 F10.5 d HJD ?=- Heliocentric radial date (HJD-2450000)
29 A1 --- l_HRV [~] Limit flag on HRV
30- 34 F5.1 km/s HRV ? Heliocentirc radial velocity
36- 38 F3.1 km/s e_HRV ? rms uncertainty on HRV
40- 43 F4.1 km/s vsini ?=- Rotational velocity
45- 47 F3.1 km/s e_vsini ?=- rms uncertainty on vsini
48- 55 A8 --- n_vsini Note on vsini
57- 60 I4 K Teff ?=- Effective temperature
62- 64 I3 K e_Teff ? rms uncertainty on Tef
66- 70 F5.1 0.1pm EWLi ?=- Lithium equivalent width (mÅ)
72- 76 F5.3 --- Sindex ?=- Mount Wilson activity S-index
78- 83 F6.3 [-] logRHK ?=- Stellar activity HK index
85-121 A37 --- Rem Remarks
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- Name1 Target name 1
12- 20 A9 --- Name2 Target name 2
22- 23 I2 --- N [3/10]? Number of observations
25- 29 F5.2 km/s RV ? Radial velocity
31- 34 F4.2 km/s vsini ? Rotational velocity
36- 41 F6.3 [-] logRHK Stellar activity HK index
43- 86 A44 --- Rem Remarks
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Name1 Target name 1
17- 25 F9.4 d JD Julian date of observation (JD-2450000)
27- 32 F6.2 km/s RV Radial velocity
34- 37 F4.2 km/s e_RV rms uncertainty on RV
40- 43 F4.1 km/s FWHM ?=- FWHM
45- 47 I3 --- S/N [14/108] Signal-to-noise ratio
49- 79 A31 --- Rem Remarks
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Name1 Target name 1 (1)
17- 18 I2 --- N [1/77] Number of observations
20- 26 F7.2 d JD.beg ? Start date (JD-2450000)
28- 34 F7.2 d JD.end ?=- End date (JD-2450000)
36- 41 F6.2 km/s RV Absolute radial velcocity obtained with the
HARPS pipeline
43- 46 F4.2 km/s e_RV ?=- RV dispersion of the differential RV
obtained with the SAFIR code (2)
48- 53 F6.2 km/s vsini ? Rotational velocity
55 A1 --- l_FWHM [~] Limit flag on FWHM
56- 61 F6.3 km/s FWHM ?=- FWHM
64- 69 F6.3 [-] logRHK ? Stellar activity HK index
71- 73 I3 0.1pm EWLi ?=- Lithium equivalent width (mÅ)
75- 78 I4 K Teff ? Effective temperature
80- 82 I3 K e_Teff ? rms uncertainty on Teff
84-143 A60 --- Rem Remarks
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Note (1): The mean measurement of individual spectra is listed when more than
one spectrum is available.
Note (2): For early-type stars we list both the absolute RV obtained with the
HARPS pipeline and the RV dispersion of the differential RV obtained with
the SAFIR code.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Name1 Target name
17- 20 I4 mas Sep Projected separation measured with NaCo
in mas (1)
22- 23 I2 mas e_Sep rms uncertainty on Sep
25- 29 F5.1 AU SepAU Projected separation measured with NaCo
in AU (1)
31- 33 F3.1 mag DHmag Magnitude difference in H band
35- 37 F3.1 mag e_DHmag rms uncertainty on DHmag
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Note (1): from the companion paper Chauvin et al. (2005A&A...438L..29C 2005A&A...438L..29C).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Name1 Name of the star observed with NaCo
17- 31 A15 --- Comp Name of wide companion
33- 37 F5.1 arcsec Sep Projected separation in arcsec
39- 43 I5 AU SepAU Projected separation in AU
45- 49 F5.1 mas/yr pm Aerage proper motion of the components
51- 54 F4.1 mas/yr Dpm Proper motion difference
56- 59 F4.2 mag DVmag Magnitude difference in V band
61- 66 F6.4 --- fTpm Fractional proper motion difference
68- 71 F4.2 --- DX Statistic ΔX index
73- 76 F4.2 km/s |DRV| ?=- Absolute value of the RV difference
78- 81 A4 --- Ncomp Number of components
82 A1 --- Note [*] * indicates an individual note (1)
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Note (1): Notes on high-multiplicity systems (see Appendix B for further
details and references);
HIP 8038 = close visual binary (VB)
TYC 8484-1507-1: close VB and SB2 (likely same companion)
HIP 12361 = wide companion to TYC 8484-1507-1 and HIP 12326 triple system
HIP 25436 = spectroscopic and astrometric binary
HIP 35564 = SB
HD 57853 = SB3
HIP 46637 = SB
HIP 72399 = SB
TYC 6786-0811-1 = close VB
HIP 77235 = triple system but physical link to TYC 6786-0811-1 needs
confirmation
HD 199058 = close VB
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Status Confirmed or suspected SB
14- 28 A15 --- Name1 Target name
30- 57 A28 --- Rem Remarks (1)
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Note (1): See notes in Appendix B for further details.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 30 A30 --- MG Moving group name
32- 37 F6.2 km/s Uvel U velocity
39- 42 F4.2 km/s e_Uvel rms uncertainty on Uvel
44- 49 F6.2 km/s Vvel V velocity
51- 54 F4.2 km/s e_Vvel rms uncertainty on Vvel
56- 61 F6.2 km/s Wvel W velocity
63- 66 F4.2 km/s e_Wvel rms uncertainty on Wvel
68- 72 A5 --- r_Uvel Velocity reference (1)
74- 76 I3 Gyr Age Best age
78- 80 I3 Gyr b_Age Minimum age
82- 84 I3 Gyr B_Age Maximum age
86- 90 A5 --- r_Age Best age reference (1)
92- 95 A4 --- Nmemb Number of members in the NaCo-LP sample (wide
companions not observed with NaCo are not
included)
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Note (1): References as follows:
Mal13 = Malo et al., 2013ApJ...762...88M 2013ApJ...762...88M, Cat. J/ApJ/762/88
Tor08 = Torres et al., 2008, Young Nearby Loose Associations (Bo Reipurth), 757
ZS04 = Zuckerman & Song, 2004ApJ...613L..65Z 2004ApJ...613L..65Z
Mon01 = Montes et al., 2001MNRAS.328...45M 2001MNRAS.328...45M, Cat. J/MNRAS/328/45
Zuk06 = Zuckerman et al., 2006ApJ...649L.115Z 2006ApJ...649L.115Z
Kin03 = King et al., 2003AJ....125.1980K 2003AJ....125.1980K
LoS06 = Lopez-Santiago et al., 2006ApJ...643.1160L 2006ApJ...643.1160L
Qua01 = Quast et al., 2001, ASP Conf. Ser., 244, 49
Per98 = Perryman et al., 1998A&A...331...81P 1998A&A...331...81P, Cat. J/A+A/331/81
Sta98 = Stauffer et al., 1998ApJ...499L.199S 1998ApJ...499L.199S
Che11 = Chen et al., 2011ApJ...738..122C 2011ApJ...738..122C, Cat. J/ApJ/738/122
Pec12 = Pecaut et al., 2012ApJ...746..154P 2012ApJ...746..154P, Cat. J/ApJ/746/154
Des14 = this paper
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Seq [1/86] Sequential number
3 A1 --- m_Seq [C] Companion star (G1)
4 A1 --- u_Seq [*?] Uncertainty flag (G1)
6- 20 A15 --- Name1 Target name1
23- 33 A11 --- Name2 Target name2 (alternative name)
41- 42 I2 h RAh Right Ascension J2000 (hours)
44- 45 I2 min RAm Right Ascension J2000 (minutes)
47- 51 F5.2 s RAs Right Ascension J2000 (seconds)
54 A1 --- DE- Declination J2000 (sign)
55- 56 I2 deg DEd Declination J2000 (degrees)
58- 59 I2 arcmin DEm Declination J2000 (minutes)
61- 65 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination J2000 (seconds)
70- 74 F5.2 mag Vmag [3/12] V band magnitude
77- 82 F6.3 mag B-V [-0.2/1.5] B-V color index
86- 90 F5.2 mag V-I [-0.2/2.1]? V-I color index
94- 98 F5.3 mag Jmag [2.5/9.5]? J band magnitude (from 2MASS)
102-106 F5.3 mag Hmag [2.4/9.0]? H band magnitude (from 2MASS)
110-114 F5.3 mag Kmag [2.4/8.9]? Ks band magnitude (from 2MASS)
120-127 A8 --- SpType MK spectral type
131-135 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] [-0.3/0.1]? Iron abundance
141-145 F5.3 Msun M* [0.4/2.9]? Stellar mass
148-152 F5.3 Msun e_M* ? Error on stellar mass
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table10.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Seq [1/86] Sequential number
3 A1 --- m_Seq [C] Companion star (G1)
4 A1 --- u_Seq [*?] Uncertainty flag (G1)
6- 20 A15 --- Name1 Target name1
23- 33 A11 --- Name2 Target name2
34- 39 F6.2 mas plx [10/306]? Trigonometric parallax
43- 46 F4.2 mas e_plx ? Error on trigonometric parallax
50- 54 F5.1 pc Dph [6/109]? Photometric distance
58- 62 F5.1 pc D [3/200] Adopted distance
67- 73 F7.2 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion in RA
76- 80 F5.2 mas/yr e_pmRA Error on proper motion in RA
85- 91 F7.2 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion in DE
95- 98 F4.2 mas/yr e_pmDE Error on proper motion in DE
103-107 F5.1 km/s RV ? Radial velocity
111-114 F4.1 km/s e_RV ? Error on radial velocity
117-122 F6.2 km/s Uvel ? U space velocity
125-128 F4.2 km/s e_Uvel ? Error on U space velocity
133-138 F6.2 km/s Vvel ? V space velocity
141-144 F4.2 km/s e_Vvel ? Error on V space velocity
149-154 F6.2 km/s Wvel ? W space velocity
156-160 F5.2 km/s e_Wvel ? Error on W space velocity
163-173 A11 --- MGa Moving group membership
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table11.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Seq [1/86] Sequential number
3 A1 --- m_Seq [C] Companion star (G1)
4 A1 --- u_Seq [*?] Uncertainty flag (G1)
6- 20 A15 --- Name1 Target name1
26- 36 A11 --- Name2 Target name2
42 A1 --- l_logLX [<] indicate upper limit on logLX
43- 47 F5.2 [mW/m2] logLX [26/31]? Logarithm of Xray luminosity
51 A1 --- l_RX [<] indicate upper limit on RX
52- 56 F5.2 [-] RX [-7.4/-2.7]? Luminosity ratio RX=logLX/Lbol
62- 65 F4.2 --- Sind [0.1/3.8]? CaII H&K S-index (M. Wilson scale)
70- 74 F5.2 [-] logR'HK [-4.9/-3.8]? CaII H&K chromospheric emission
78- 84 F7.4 d Prot [0.2/40]? Rotation period
86- 91 F6.4 d e_Prot ? Error on rotation period
93 A1 --- q_Prot [CLU] Quality flag of period determined:
C=confirmed, L=likely, U=uncertain
96-100 F5.1 km/s vsini [1/240]? Projected rotational velocity
105-107 I3 0.1pm EWLi ? Lithium 6708Å equivalent width (mÅ)
112-115 I4 K Tsp ? Spectroscopic effective temperature
117-119 I3 K e_Tsp ? Error on spectroscopic Teff
123-127 I5 K Tph ? Photometric effective temperature
129-131 I3 K e_Tph ? Error on photometric Teff
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table12.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Seq [1/86] Sequential number
3 A1 --- m_Seq [C] Companion star (G1)
4 A1 --- u_Seq [*?] Uncertainty flag (G1)
6- 20 A15 --- Name1 Target name1
24- 34 A11 --- Name2 Target name2
40- 41 A2 --- l_Age1 [≤> ] indicate upper limit
43- 45 I3 Myr Age1 ? Stellar age from Li line
47 A1 --- l_Age2 [≤> ] indicate upper limit
49- 52 I4 Myr Age2 ? Stellar age from X-ray
54- 55 A2 --- l_Age3 [≤ ] indicate upper limit
56- 59 I4 Myr Age3 ? Stellar age from logR'HK
64- 67 I4 Myr Age4 ? Stellar age from rotation period
69 A1 --- Qp [U] Quality flag of period determined (1)
72- 81 A10 --- Kin Kinematic group membership
84- 87 I4 Myr Age5 ? Stellar age from isochrone fitting
89- 92 I4 Myr e_Age5 ? Error on age from isochrone fitting
94- 97 I4 Myr Age ? Adopted stellar age
100-103 I4 Myr b_Age ? Minimum stellar age
106-110 I5 Myr B_Age ? Maximum stellar age
112-130 A19 --- Remarks Remarks
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Note (1): ages from uncertain rotation period determination are marked with U.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- Name1 Star name
18- 26 F9.4 d HJD.beg First HJD-2450000 of each time segment
29- 37 F9.4 d HJD.end Last HJD-2450000 of each time segment
40- 43 I4 --- Nmeas [14/7416] Number of magnitude measurements
45- 50 F6.2 mag Vmin Brightest magnitude
53- 56 F4.2 mag Vamp [0/0.33] Light curve amplitude ΔV
59- 63 F5.3 mag sigma [0.01/0.26] Photometric accuracy σ
65- 69 F5.2 --- r/a Ratio fit residuals / light curve amplitude
72- 77 F6.3 d Prot [0.2/44]? Rotation period
79- 83 F5.3 d e_Prot ? Uncertainty on rotation period
87- 92 F6.2 --- Power [3/464]? Normalized power of periodogram peak
95- 99 F5.2 --- PowFAP1 [3/12]? Power level corresponding to 1% FAP
(False Alarm Probability)
102-103 I2 --- seas [1/10] Sequential number of time series segment
(seas=1 indicates the complete series)
105-108 A4 --- source Source: ASAS or SW=SUPER-WASP
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Notes as follows:
* = stars that are not considered in the statistical analysis
(Vigan et al. 2014, in prep)
C = wide companion to the targets observed with NaCo.
? = uncertain companion
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Acknowledgements:
Silvano Desidera, silvano.desidera(at)oapd.inaf.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 02-Oct-2014