J/A+A/596/A113 The Seven Sisters DANCe. II. Pleiades (Barrado+, 2016)
The seven sisters DANCe.
II. Proper motions and the lithium-rotation-activity connection for G and K
Pleiads.
Barrado D., Bouy H., Bouvier J., Moraux E., Sarro L.M., Bertin E.,
Cuillandre J.C., Stauffer J.R., Lillo-Box J., Pollock A.
<Astron. Astrophys. 596, A113 (2016)>
=2016A&A...596A.113B 2016A&A...596A.113B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Stars, pre-main sequence ; Proper motions ;
Abundances
Keywords: stars: abundances - open clusters and associations: general -
starspots - stars: rotation - stars: pre-main sequence -
stars: late-type
Abstract:
Stellar clusters are open windows to understand stellar evolution.
Specifically, the change with time and the dependence on mass of
different stellar properties. As such, they are our laboratories where
different theories can be tested.
We try to understand the origin of the connection between lithium
depletion in F, G and K stars, rotation and activity, in particular in
the Pleiades open cluster.
We have collected all the relevant data in the literature, including
information regarding rotation period, binarity and activity, and
cross-matched with proper motions, multi-wavelength photometry and
membership probability from the DANCe database. In order to avoid
biases, only Pleiades single members with probabilities larger than
75% have been included in the discussion. Results. The analysis
confirms that there is a strong link between activity, rotation and
the lithium equivalent width excess, specially for the range
Lum(bol)=0.5-0.2L☉ (about K2-K7 spectral types or
0.75-0.95M☉).
It is not possible to disentangle these effects but we cannot exclude
that the observed lithium overabundance is partially an observational
effect due to enhanced activity, due to a large coverage by stellar
spots induced by high rotation rates. Since a bona fide lithium
enhancement is present in young, fast rotators, both activity and
rotation should play a role in the lithium problem.
Description:
Lithium equivalent widths (Table 1), Proper motions (Table 2), and
general properties (Table 3) for bona fide members of the Pleiades
clusters, based on the literature and the DANCe membership analysis
(Bouy et al. 2013A&A...554A.101B 2013A&A...554A.101B, 2015, Cat. J/A+A/577/A148).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 147 210 Complete compilation of the Lithium equivalent
widths
table2.dat 130 122 *Proper motions and membership probabilities for
the Pleiades lithium sample
table3.dat 163 122 *Several stellar properties, including lithium,
rotation and activity data for the Pleades
lithium sample.
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Note on table2.dat, table3.dat: Only single stars with membership probability
larger than 0.75, after removing binaries and suspected binaries.
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See also:
J/A+A/577/A148 : The Seven Sisters DANCe. I. Pleiades (Bouy+, 2015)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- Name Name for members of the Pleiades cluster
13 A1 --- n_Name [abc] Note on Name (1)
18- 26 F9.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000.0)
30- 38 F9.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000.0)
40- 41 A2 --- l_WLiF [≤ ] Limit flag on WLiF
42- 48 F7.1 0.1nm WLiF ?=- Final selection lithium equivalent width
50- 54 F5.1 0.1nm e_WLiF ?=- Error on WLiF
56- 59 A4 -- r_WLiF Source for WLiF (2)
61- 65 F5.1 0.1nm WLiK10 ?=- Lithium equivalent width from
King et al. (2010ApJ...710.1610K 2010ApJ...710.1610K) (3)
68- 69 A2 --- l_WLiJ96 [≤ ] Limit flag on WLiJ96
70- 72 I3 0.1nm WLiJ96 ?=- Lithium equivalent width from
Jones et al. (1996AJ....112.1562J 1996AJ....112.1562J) (4)
74- 75 I2 0.1nm e_WLiJ96 ?=- Error on WLiJ96
79- 80 A2 --- l_WLiO97 [≤ ] Limit flag on WLiO97
81- 83 I3 0.1nm WLiO97 ?=- Lithium equivalent width from
Oppenheimer et al. (1997AJ....113..296O 1997AJ....113..296O) (5)
85- 87 I3 0.1nm WLiS93 ?=- Lithium equivalent width from Soderblom
et al. (1993, Cat. J/AJ/106/1059) (6)
89- 91 I3 0.1nm WLiM07a ?=- Lithium equivalent width from Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University) (7)
92 A1 --- --- [,]
93- 95 I3 0.1nm WLiM07b ?=- Lithium equivalent width from Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University) (7)
96 A1 --- --- [,]
97- 99 I3 0.1nm WLiM07c ?=- Lithium equivalent width from Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University) (7)
100 A1 --- --- [,]
101-103 I3 0.1nm WLiM07d ?=- Lithium equivalent width from Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University) (7)
105-107 I3 0.1nm WLiJ99a ?=- Lithium equivalent width from
Jeffries et al. (1999MNRAS.309..189J 1999MNRAS.309..189J) (8)
108 A1 --- --- [,]
109-111 I3 0.1nm WLiJ99b ?=- Lithium equivalent width from
Jeffries et al. (1999MNRAS.309..189J 1999MNRAS.309..189J) (8)
113-114 I2 0.1nm e_WLiJ99a ?=- Error in WLiJ99a
115 A1 --- --- [,]
116-117 I2 0.1nm e_WLiJ99b ?=- Error in WLiJ99b
119-120 A2 --- l_WLiG94 [≤ ] Limit flag on WLiG94
121-123 I3 0.1nm WLiG94 ?=- Lithium equivalent width from
Garcia-Lopez et al. (1994A&A...282..518G 1994A&A...282..518G) (9)
125-126 I2 0.1nm e_WLiG94 ?=- Error in WLiG94
128-130 I3 -- S/NK10 ?=- Signal-to-to-noise ratio in
King et al. (2010ApJ...710.1610K 2010ApJ...710.1610K) (9)
132-134 I3 -- S/NM07a ?=- Signal-to-to-noise ratio in Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University)
135 A1 --- --- [,]
136-139 I4 -- S/NM07b ?=- Signal-to-to-noise ratio in Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University)
140 A1 --- --- [,]
141-143 I3 -- S/NM07c ?=- Signal-to-to-noise ratio in Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University)
144 A1 --- --- [,]
145-147 I3 -- S/NM07d ?=- Signal-to-to-noise ratio in Margheim
(2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Notes as follows:
a = CFHT-PL-09: W(Li)≤60mÅ in Dahm (2015ApJ...813..108D 2015ApJ...813..108D)
b = Teide02 = CFHT-PL-13: (Li)=600mÅ in Stauffer et al.
(1998ApJ...504..805S 1998ApJ...504..805S)
and W(Li)=520±130mÅ in Dahm (2015ApJ...813..108D 2015ApJ...813..108D)
c = HCG0131 is listed as HCG 938 in Margheim (2007, PhD thesis, Indiana
University), which does not exist. After checking the available data
we believe the fiber was allocated to HCG 131.
Note (2): Lithium references by priority:
Ki10 = King et al. (2010ApJ...710.1610K 2010ApJ...710.1610K)
Jo96 = Jones et al. (1996AJ....112.1562J 1996AJ....112.1562J)
Op97 = Oppenheimer et al. (1997AJ....113..296O 1997AJ....113..296O)
So93 = Soderblom et al. (1993, Cat. J/AJ/106/1059)
Ma07 = Margheim (2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University)
Je99 = Jeffries (1999MNRAS.309..189J 1999MNRAS.309..189J)
GL94 = Garcia Lopez et al. (1994A&A...282..518G 1994A&A...282..518G),
Note (3): The errors can be estimated as 10 mÅ in King et al.
(2010ApJ...710.1610K 2010ApJ...710.1610K).
Note (4): The FeI6707.4 Å line does not contributed to the listed W(Li).
The errors can be estimated as 5 and 20 mÅ for slow and fast rotators
(Jones et al. 1996AJ....112.1562J 1996AJ....112.1562J).
Note (5): If present, the LiI6708 Å feature dominates the region for these
mid-M dwarfs in Oppenheimer et al. (1997AJ....113..296O 1997AJ....113..296O).
Note (6): The FeI6707.4 Å line does not contributed to the listed W(Li).
The errors can be estimated as 10mÅ in Soderblom et al. (1993,
Cat. J/AJ/106/1059), based on their comparison with previous data.
Note (7): R∼12500. W(Li) includes the contribution by FeI6707.4Å.
The errors have been estimated as 10mÅ for the Margheim (2007, PhD thesis,
Indiana University) data. The quoted internal errors are 1-2mÅ
Note (8): SNR=80-110, R∼14500. W(Li) after removing the FeI contribution, as
listed in Jeffries (1999MNRAS.309..189J 1999MNRAS.309..189J).
Note (9): R∼10000. We include the W(Li) as listed in Garcia Lopez et al.
(1994A&A...282..518G 1994A&A...282..518G), since the FeI6707.4Å contribution was eliminated
in that paper.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 -- Name Name of the Pleiades member
16- 24 F9.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000.0)
28- 36 F9.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000.0)
40- 44 F5.2 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion in RA
48- 53 F6.2 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion in DE
57- 60 F4.2 mas/yr e_pmRA Error in proper motion in RA
64- 67 F4.2 mas/yr e_pmDE Error in proper motion in DE
71- 74 F4.2 -- PrAll Membership probability based on proper motion
and photometry (final) (1)
78- 81 F4.2 -- PrPM Membership probability only based on proper
motion (2)
85- 94 A10 -- r_pmRA Source for the proper motion (3)
95-130 A36 -- OName Other names for the Pleiades member
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Note (1): Membership probability based on proper motion and photometry.
Note (2): Membership probability based on proper motion only Sarro et al.
(2014, Cat. J/A+A/563/A45).
Note (3): Proper motions from:
D = DANCe (Bouy et al. 2013A&A...554A.101B 2013A&A...554A.101B),
T = Tycho (Hog et al. 2000A&A...355L..27H 2000A&A...355L..27H, Cat. I/259),
and final selection.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 -- Name Name of the Pleiades member
11- 14 A4 --- n_Name [Bin? ] Note on Name (1)
15- 16 A2 --- l_WLi [≤ ] Limit flag on WLi
17- 22 F6.1 0.1nm WLi Lithium equivalent width, selection based
primarily on the S/N
23- 24 A2 --- u_WLi [: ] Uncertainty flag on WLi
26- 28 I3 0.1nm e_WLi ?=- Error in WLi
30- 33 A4 --- r_WLi Source for WLi (2)
35- 36 A2 --- l_WLiF [≤ ] Limit flag on WLiF
37- 43 F7.1 0.1nm WLiF Final lithium equivalent width, selection
primarily on the spectral resolution
44- 45 A2 --- u_WLiF [: ] Uncertainty flag on WLiF
47- 49 I3 0.1nm e_WLiF ?=- Error WLiF
51- 54 A4 --- r_WLiF Source for WLiF (2)
56- 59 I4 K TempV Effective temperature as derived with VOSA
(Bayo et al., 2008, Cat. J/A+A/492/277) (3)
61- 64 I4 K TeffChi Effective temperature with mininimization of
Chi2 (4)
66- 72 F7.5 Lsun LBol Bolometric luminosity as derived with VOSA
(Bayo et al., 2008, Cat. J/A+A/492/277)
74- 79 E6.2 Lsun e_LBol Error in LBol
81- 82 A2 --- l_ALi [≤ ] Limit flag on ALi
83- 87 F5.3 --- ALi Lithium abundance
89- 93 F5.3 --- e_ALi ?=- Error in lithium abundance, 1 sigma
95- 99 F5.3 --- e3ALi ?=- Error in lithium abundance, 3 sigma
101-110 F10.8 d Prot ?=- Rotation period
112-117 E6.2 d e_Prot ?=- Error in rotation period
119-124 F6.4 mag Amp ?=- Amplitude in the ligth curve
126 A1 --- l_Vsini Limit flag on Vsini
127-131 F5.1 km/s Vsini ?=- Projected rotation velocity
133-137 A5 --- r_Vsini Source projected rotation velocity
139-140 A2 --- PClass Rotation class, from Prot
142-145 A4 --- LiClass Lithium class
147-152 F6.3 --- logLX/Lbol ?=- Ratio between the X-ray and the
bolometric luminosities
154-158 F5.3 --- e_logLX/Lbol ?=- Error in logLX/Lbol
161-163 A3 --- r_logLX/Lbol Reference for logLX/Lbol (5)
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Note (1): Bin? for suspected binary based on the spectra or the
cross-correlation in Margheim et al. (2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University)
Note (2): References for Lithium and rotation as follows:
Ba96 = Basri et al. (1996ApJ...458..600B 1996ApJ...458..600B)
Da15 = Dahm et al. (2015ApJ...813..108D 2015ApJ...813..108D)
GL94 = Garcia-Lopez et al. (1994A&A...282..518G 1994A&A...282..518G)
Jo96 = Jones et al. (1996AJ....112.1562J 1996AJ....112.1562J)
Ki10 = King et al. (2010ApJ...710.1610K 2010ApJ...710.1610K)
Ma07 = Margheim et al. (2007, PhD thesis, Indiana University)
Mt98 = Martin et al. (11998ApJ...499L..61M)
Mt00 = Martin et al. (2000ApJ...543..299M 2000ApJ...543..299M)
Op97 = Oppenheimer et al. (1997AJ....113..296O 1997AJ....113..296O)
Qu98 = Queloz et al. (1998, Cat. J/A+A/335/183)
Re96 = Rebolo et al. (1996ApJ...469L..53R 1996ApJ...469L..53R)
So93 = Soderblom et al. (1993, Cat. J/AJ/106/1080)
So93b = Soderblom et al. (1993, Cat. J/AJ/106/1059)
St98 = Stauffer et al. (1998ApJ...504..805S 1998ApJ...504..805S, 1998ApJ...499L.199S 1998ApJ...499L.199S)
Te00 = Terndrup et al. (2000AJ....119.1303T 2000AJ....119.1303T)
St87 = Stauffer et al. (1987ApJ...318..337S 1987ApJ...318..337S)
Note (3): Effective temperature for the minimum χ2 as derived with VOSA.
Note (4): Effective temperature after fitting Teff and χ2 and minimizing
this last value.
Note (5): References as follows:
B03
D02
M90
M96
M99
S94
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Acknowledgements:
David Barrado, barrado(at)cab.inta-csic.es
References:
Bouy et al., Paper I, 2015A&A...577A.148B 2015A&A...577A.148B Cat. J/A+A/577/A148
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 09-Aug-2016