J/A+A/598/A26       HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. II.  (Perger+, 2017)
The HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N at TNG.
II. Data treatment and simulations.
    Perger M., Garcia-Piquer A., Ribas I., Morales J.C., Affer L., Micela G.,
    Damasso M., Suarez-Mascareno A., Gonzalez-Hernandez J.I., Rebolo R.,
    Herrero E., Rosich A., Lafarga M., Bignamini A., Sozzetti A., Claudi R.,
    Cosentino R., Molinari E., Maldonado J., Maggio A., Lanza A.F., Poretti E.,
    Pagano I., Desidera S., Gratton R., Piotto G., Bonomo A.S.,
    Martinez Fiorenzano A.F., Giacobbe P., Malavolta L., Nascimbeni V.,
    Rainer M., Scandariato G.
    <Astron. Astrophys. 598, A26 (2017)>
    =2017A&A...598A..26P 2017A&A...598A..26P        (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Spectroscopy ; Stars, M-type; Stars, nearby ;
              Radial velocities
Keywords: methods: statistical - techniques: radial velocities - surveys -
           stars: low-mass - planetary systems
Abstract:
    The distribution of exoplanets around low-mass stars is still not well
    understood. Such stars, however, present an excellent opportunity for
    reaching down to the rocky and habitable planet domains. The number of
    current detections used for statistical purposes remains relatively
    modest and different surveys, using both photometry and precise radial
    velocities, are searching for planets around M dwarfs. Our HARPS-N red
    dwarf exoplanet survey is aimed at the detection of new planets around
    a sample of 78 selected stars, together with the subsequent
    characterization of their activity properties. Here we investigate the
    survey performance and strategy. From 2700 observed spectra, we
    compare the radial velocity determinations of the HARPS-N DRS pipeline
    and the HARPS-TERRA code, calculate the mean activity jitter level,
    evaluate the planet detection expectations, and address the general
    question of how to define the strategy of spectroscopic surveys in
    order to be most efficient in the detection of planets. We find that
    the HARPS-TERRA radial velocities show less scatter and we calculate a
    mean activity jitter of 2.3m/s for our sample. For a general radial
    velocity survey with limited observing time, the number of
    observations per star is key for the detection efficiency. In the case
    of an early M-type target sample, we conclude that approximately 50
    observations per star with exposure times of 900s and precisions of
    approximately 1m/s maximizes the number of planet detections.
Description:
    Intrinsic and observational characteristics of the 78 target stars of
    our sample sorted by number of observations (Nobs).We show the
    absolute RVs and their rms and the mean uncertainties dRV of every
    object for TERRA (T) and YABI (Y) pipelines. V magnitudes are from
    SIMBAD. Their masses are the average values of targets with the same
    spectral type.
File Summary:
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 FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations
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ReadMe            80        .   This file
table2.dat        88       78   Characteristics of our target stars
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See also:
   J/A+A/593/A117 : Paper I. GJ 3998 RVs, S and Halpha indexes (Affer+, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
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   1- 22  A22   ---     Name      Target name
  24- 26  I3    ---     Nobs      Number of observations
  28- 31  A4    ---     SpType    Spectral type
  33- 36  F4.2  Msun    M         Stellar mass
  38- 41  F4.2  Msun  e_M         ? Stellar mass uncertainty
  43- 47  F5.2  mag     Vmag      Visual magnitude
  50- 54  F5.2  km/s    RV        ? Absolute radial velocity (YABI)
  56- 60  F5.2  m/s     RVTrms    ? rms of TERRA radial velocities
  62- 65  F4.2  m/s   e_RVT       Mean TERRA radial velocity uncertainty
  67- 71  F5.2  m/s     RVYrms    ? rms of YABI radial velocities
  73- 76  F4.2  m/s   e_RVY       Mean YABI radial velocity uncertainty
  78- 82  F5.1  ---     S/N       ? Signal-to-noise ratio of observation
  84- 88  A5    ---     Flag      Flag (1)
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Note (1): Notes as follows:
  1 = Stars form the subsample for Sec 3.4.
  2 = Large rms differences between TERRA and DRS/YABI mentioned in Fig. 3
  3 = TERRA RV uncertainties estimated
  4 = DRS/YABI RV uncertainties estimated
  5 = spectral types from SIMBAD
  6 = companion by Howard et al. (2014ApJ...794...51H 2014ApJ...794...51H)
  7 = companion by Affer et al. (2016A&A...593A.117A 2016A&A...593A.117A)
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Acknowledgements:
    Manuel Perger, perger(at)ice.cat
References:
   Affer et al.,       Paper I     2016A&A...593A.117A 2016A&A...593A.117A, Cat. J/A+A/593/A117
   Maldonado et al.,   Paper III   2017A&A...598A..27M 2017A&A...598A..27M
   Scandariato et al., Paper IV    2017A&A...598A..28S 2017A&A...598A..28S
(End)     Manuel Perger [CSIC-IEEC, Spain], Patricia Vannier [CDS]   07-Nov-2016