J/A+A/600/A20 Lupus YSOs X-shooter spectroscopy (Alcala+, 2017)
X-shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects in Lupus.
Accretion properties of class II and transitional objects.
Alcala J.M., Manara C.F., Natta A., Frasca A., Testi L., Nisini B.,
Stelzer B., Williams J.P., Antoniucci S., Biazzo K., Covino E.,
Esposito M., Getman F., Rigliaco E.
<Astron. Astrophys., 600, A20 (2017)>
=2017A&A...600A..20A 2017A&A...600A..20A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Stars, pre-main sequence ; YSOs ; Spectroscopy
Keywords: stars: pre-main sequence - stars: low-mass -
accretion, accretion disks -
open clusters and associations: individual: Lupus
Abstract:
The mass accretion rate, Macc, is a key quantity for the
understanding of the physical processes governing the evolution of
accretion discs around young low-mass (M*≤2.0M☉) stars
and substellar objects (YSOs). We present here the results of a study
of the stellar and accretion properties of the (almost) complete
sample of class II and transitional YSOs in the Lupus I, II, III and
IV clouds, based on spectroscopic data acquired with the VLT/X-shooter
spectrograph. Our study combines the dataset from our previous work
with new observations of 55 additional objects. We have investigated
92 YSO candidates in total, 11 of which have been definitely
identified with giant stars unrelated to Lupus. The stellar and
accretion properties of the 81 bona fide YSOs, which represent more
than 90% of the whole class II and transition disc YSO population in
the aforementioned Lupus clouds, have been homogeneously and
self-consistently derived, allowing for an unbiased study of accretion
and its relationship with stellar parameters. The accretion
luminosity, Lacc, increases with the stellar luminosity, L*, with an
overall slope of ∼1.6, similar but with a smaller scatter than in
previous studies. There is a significant lack of strong accretors
below L*~=0.1L☉, where Lacc is always lower than 0.01L*. We
argue that the Lacc-L* slope is not due to observational biases, but
is a true property of the Lupus YSOs. The log Macc-logM* correlation
shows a statistically significant evidence of a break, with a steeper
relation for M*≤0.2M☉ and a flatter slope for higher masses.
The bimodality of the Macc-M* relation is confirmed with four
different evolutionary models used to derive the stellar mass. The
bimodal behaviour of the observed relationship supports the importance
of modelling self-gravity in the early evolution of the more massive
discs, but other processes, such as photo-evaporation and planet
formation during the YSO's lifetime, may also lead to disc dispersal
on different timescales depending on the stellar mass. The sample
studied here more than doubles the number of YSOs with homogeneously
and simultaneously determined Lacc and luminosity, Lline, of many
permitted emission lines. Hence, we also refined the empirical
relationships between Lacc and Lline on a more solid statistical
basis.
Description:
All the data used in this paper were acquired with the X-shooter
spectrograph at the VLT. The capabilities of X-shooter in terms of
wide spectral coverage (310-2500nm), resolution and limiting
magnitudes allow us to assess simultaneously the mass accretion and
outflow, and disc diagnostics, from the UV and optical to the near IR.
The sample studied in this paper consists mainly of two sets of
low-mass class II YSOs in the aforementioned Lupus clouds. The first
one comprises the 36 objects published in Alcala et al, (2014, Cat.
J/A+A/561/A2), observed within the context of the X-shooter INAF/GTO
(Alcala et al. 2011AN....332..242A 2011AN....332..242A) project; for simplicity we will
refer to it as the "GTO sample" throughout the paper. One
additional source namely Sz105, was investigated with X-shooter during
the GTO, but rejected as a legitimate YSO (see below). The second
sample consists of 49 objects observed during ESO periods 95 and 97
(1 April-30 September 2015 and 1 April-30 September 2016,
respectively). In addition, we include here six objects observed with
X-shooter in other programmes taken from the ESO archive. In total, 55
objects were newly analysed here and we will refer to them as the
"new sample".
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 112 57 Observing log for the new sample
tablea2.dat 123 81 Confirmed YSOs of the total sample with spectral
types, extinction, and physical parameters
tablea3.dat 83 81 Accretion properties of the total sample
tablee1.dat 183 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of Balmer lines for the new sample: Hα
to Hε
tablee2.dat 152 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of Balmer lines: H8 to H11
tablee3.dat 153 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of Balmer lines: H12 to H15
tablee4.dat 152 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of Paschen lines: Paβ to Pa8
tablee5.dat 120 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of Pa9, Pa10, and Brγ
tablee6.dat 184 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of helium lines
tablee7.dat 152 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of helium lines
tablee8.dat 182 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of CaII H and K and IRT lines
tablee9.dat 88 46 Extinction-corrected fluxes and equivalent widths
of the NaI D lines
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See also:
J/A+A/561/A2 : 36 accreting YSOs emission lines (Alcala+, 2014)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Sample [OT] Sample (G1)
3- 25 A23 --- Object Object name
27- 35 A9 --- OName Other name
37- 38 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
40- 41 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
43- 47 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
49 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
50- 51 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
53- 54 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
56- 59 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
61- 70 A10 "date" ObsDate Observation date
72- 85 F14.6 d JD ? Julian date
87- 92 A6 s TexpUVB UVB exposure time
94- 99 A6 s TexpVIS VIS exposure time
101-106 A6 s TexpNIR NIR exposure time
108-110 A3 --- Lupus Lupus cloud number
112 I1 --- Notes [1/4]? Notes (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (2): Notes as follows:
1 = no detection in the UVB arm
2 = from programme 085.C-0764(A) (PI: Guenther)
3 = from programme 093.C-0506(A) (PI: Caceres)
4 = from GTO sample analysed in A14
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Sample [GNT] Sample (G1)
3- 25 A23 --- Object Object name
27- 30 A4 --- SpType MK spectral type
32- 35 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
37- 39 I3 K e_Teff rms uncertainty on Teff
41- 44 F4.2 mag AV Absorption in V band
46- 48 I3 pc Dist Distance
50- 55 F6.4 [Lsun] logL* Stellar luminosity
57- 62 F6.4 [Lsun] e_logL* rms uncertainty on logL*
64- 67 F4.2 Rsun R* Stellar radius
69- 72 F4.2 Rsun e_R* rms uncertainty on R*
74 A1 --- l_M*(B98) Limit flag on M*(B98)
75- 78 F4.2 Msun M*(B98) ? Stellar mass from B98
80- 83 F4.2 Msun e_M*(B98) ? rms uncertainty on M*(B98)
85 A1 --- l_M*(B15) Limit flag on M*(B15)
86- 89 F4.2 Msun M*(B15) ? Stellar mass from B15
91- 94 F4.2 Msun e_M*(B15) ? rms uncertainty on M*(B15)
96- 99 F4.2 Msun M*(DM97) ? Stellar mass from DM97
101-104 F4.2 Msun e_M*(DM97) ? rms uncertainty on M*(DM97)
106 A1 --- l_M*(DM97) Limit flag on M*(DM97)
107-110 F4.2 Msun M*(S00) ? Stellar mass from S00
112-115 F4.2 Msun e_M*(S00) ? rms uncertainty on M*(S00)
117-123 A7 --- Notes Notes (2)
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Note (2): Notes as follows:
td = YSO with transitional disc
sl = sub-luminous YSO
bz = sub-luminous object falling below the zero-age main-sequence on the
HR diagram
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Sample [GNT] Sample (G1)
3- 25 A23 --- Object Object name
29- 43 A15 --- Template Template
46 A1 --- l_logLacc Limit flag on Lacc
47- 50 F4.1 [Lsun] logLacc Accretion luminosity
52 A1 --- l_logdMacc/dt(B98) Limt flag on logdMacc/dt(B98)
53- 58 F6.2 [Lsun] logdMacc/dt(B98) ? Accretion mass loss from B98
60 A1 --- l_logdMacc/dt(B15) Limt flag on logdMacc/dt(B15)
61- 66 F6.2 [Lsun] logdMacc/dt(B15) ? Accretion mass loss from B15
68 A1 --- l_logdMacc/dt(DM98) Limt flag on logdMacc/dt(DM98)
69- 74 F6.2 [Lsun] logdMacc/dt(DM98) ? Accretion mass loss from DM98
76 A1 --- l_logdMacc/dt(S00) Limt flag on logdMacc/dt(S00)
77- 82 F6.2 [Lsun] logdMacc/dt(S00) ? Accretion mass loss from S00
83 A1 --- Note [abc] Note (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (2): Notes as follows:
a = Considered as weak accretor because Lacc is comparable to the
chromospheric level (see Sect. B.1).
b = Lacc calculated from the luminosity of 7 permitted emission lines,
using the Lacc-Lline relationships revisited in Appendix B.
c = Sub-luminous object falling below the ZAMS.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26- 33 E8.4 mW/m2 FHa ? Hα flux
35- 42 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHa ? rms uncertainty on FHa
44- 50 F7.3 nm EWHa ? Hα equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWHa ? rms uncertainty on EWHa
58- 65 E8.4 mW/m2 FHb ? Hβ flux
67- 74 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHb ? rms uncertainty on FHb
76- 82 F7.3 nm EWHb ? Hβ equivalent width
84- 88 F5.3 nm e_EWHb ? rms uncertainty on EWHb
90- 97 E8.4 mW/m2 FHg ? Hγ flux
99-106 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHg ? rms uncertainty on FHg
108-114 F7.3 nm EWHg ? Hγ equivalent width
116-120 F5.3 nm e_EWHg ? rms uncertainty on EWHg
122-129 E8.4 mW/m2 FHd ? Hδ flux
131-138 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHd ? rms uncertainty on FHd
140-145 F6.3 nm EWHd ? Hδ equivalent width
147-151 F5.3 nm e_EWHd ? rms uncertainty on EWHd
153 A1 --- l_FHe Limit flag on FHe
154-161 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe ? Hε flux
163-170 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe ? rms uncertainty on FHe
172-177 F6.3 mW/m2 EWHe ? Hε equivalent width
179-183 F5.3 mW/m2 e_EWHe ? rms uncertainty on EWHe
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FH8 Limit flag on H8
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FH8 ? H8 flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH8 ? rms uncertainty on FH8
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWH8 ? H8 equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWH8 ? rms uncertainty on EWH8
58 A1 --- l_FH9 Limit flag on H9
59- 66 E8.4 mW/m2 FH9 ? H9 flux
68- 75 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH9 ? rms uncertainty on FH9
77- 82 F6.3 nm EWH9 ? H9 equivalent width
84- 88 F5.3 nm e_EWH9 ? rms uncertainty on EWH9
90 A1 --- l_FH10 Limit flag on FH10
91- 98 E8.4 mW/m2 FH10 ? H10 flux
100-107 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH10 ? rms uncertainty on FH10
109-114 F6.3 nm EWH10 ? H10 equivalent width
116-120 F5.3 nm e_EWH10 ? rms uncertainty on EWH10
122 A1 --- l_FH11 Limit flag on FH11
123-130 E8.4 mW/m2 FH11 ? H11 flux
132-139 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH11 ? rms uncertainty on FH11
141-146 F6.3 nm EWH11 ? H11 equivalent width
148-152 F5.3 nm e_EWH11 ? rms uncertainty on EWH11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FH12 Limit flag on H12
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FH12 ? H12 flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH12 ? rms uncertainty on FH12
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWH12 ? H12 equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWH12 ? rms uncertainty on EWH12
58 A1 --- l_FH13 Limit flag on H13
59- 66 E8.4 mW/m2 FH13 ? H13 flux
68- 75 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH13 ? rms uncertainty on FH13
77- 83 F7.3 nm EWH13 ? H13 equivalent width
85- 89 F5.3 nm e_EWH13 ? rms uncertainty on EWH13
91 A1 --- l_FH14 Limit flag on FH14
92- 99 E8.4 mW/m2 FH14 ? H14 flux
101-108 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH14 ? rms uncertainty on FH14
110-115 F6.3 nm EWH14 ? H14 equivalent width
117-121 F5.3 nm e_EWH14 ? rms uncertainty on EWH14
123 A1 --- l_FH15 Limit flag on FH15
124-131 E8.4 mW/m2 FH15 ? H15 flux
133-140 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FH15 ? rms uncertainty on FH15
142-147 F6.3 nm EWH15 ? H15 equivalent width
149-153 F5.3 nm e_EWH15 ? rms uncertainty on EWH15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FPab Limit flag on Pab
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FPab ? Paβ flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FPab ? rms uncertainty on FPab
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWPab ? Paβ equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWPab ? rms uncertainty on EWPab
58 A1 --- l_FPag Limit flag on Pag
59- 66 E8.4 mW/m2 FPag ? Paγ flux
68- 75 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FPag ? rms uncertainty on FPag
77- 82 F6.3 nm EWPag ? Paγ equivalent width
84- 88 F5.3 nm e_EWPag ? rms uncertainty on EWPag
90 A1 --- l_FPad Limit flag on FPad
91- 98 E8.4 mW/m2 FPad ? Paδ flux
100-107 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FPad ? rms uncertainty on FPad
109-114 F6.3 nm EWPad ? Paδ equivalent width
116-120 F5.3 nm e_EWPad ? rms uncertainty on EWPad
122 A1 --- l_FPa8 Limit flag on FPa8
123-130 E8.4 mW/m2 FPa8 ? Pa8 flux
132-139 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FPa8 ? rms uncertainty on FPa8
141-146 F6.3 nm EWPa8 ? Pa8 equivalent width
148-152 F5.3 nm e_EWPa8 ? rms uncertainty on EWPa8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FPa9 Limit flag on Pa9
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FPa9 ? Pa9 flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FPa9 ? rms uncertainty on FPa9
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWPa9 ? Pa9 equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWPa9 ? rms uncertainty on EWPa9
58 A1 --- l_FPa10 Limit flag on Pa10
59- 66 E8.4 mW/m2 FPa10 ? Pa10 flux
68- 75 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FPa10 ? rms uncertainty on FPa10
77- 82 F6.3 nm EWPa10 ? Pa10 equivalent width
84- 88 F5.3 nm e_EWPa10 ? rms uncertainty on EWPa10
90 A1 --- l_FBrg Limit flag on FBrg
91- 98 E8.4 mW/m2 FBrg ? Brγ flux
100-107 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FBrg ? rms uncertainty on FBrg
109-114 F6.3 nm EWBrg ? Brγ equivalent width
116-120 F5.3 nm e_EWBrg ? rms uncertainty on EWBrg
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FHe1 Limit flag on He1
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe1 ? He (402.6nm) flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe1 ? rms uncertainty on FHe1
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWHe1 ? He (402.6nm) equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWHe1 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe1
58 A1 --- l_FHe2 Limit flag on He2
59- 66 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe2 ? He (447.1nm) flux
68- 75 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe2 ? rms uncertainty on FHe2
77- 82 F6.3 nm EWHe2 ? He (447.1nm) equivalent width
84- 88 F5.3 nm e_EWHe2 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe2
90 A1 --- l_FHe3 Limit flag on He3
91- 98 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe3 ? He (471.3nm) flux
100-107 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe3 ? rms uncertainty on FHe3
109-114 F6.3 nm EWHe3 ? He (471.3nm) equivalent width
116-120 F5.3 nm e_EWHe3 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe3
122 A1 --- l_FHe4 Limit flag on FHe4
123-130 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe4 ? He (501.6nm) flux
132-139 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe4 ? rms uncertainty on FHe4
141-146 F6.3 nm EWHe4 ? He (501.6nm) equivalent width
148-152 F5.3 nm e_EWHe4 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe4
154 A1 --- l_FHe5 Limit flag on FHe5
155-162 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe5 ? He (587.6nm) flux
164-171 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe5 ? rms uncertainty on FHe5
173-178 F6.3 nm EWHe5 ? He (587.6nm) equivalent width
180-184 F5.3 nm e_EWHe5 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe5
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FHe6 Limit flag on He6
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe6 ? HeI (667.8nm) flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe6 ? rms uncertainty on FHe6
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWHe6 ? HeI (667.8nm) equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWHe6 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe6
58 A1 --- l_FHe7 Limit flag on He7
59- 66 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe7 ? HeI (706.5nm) flux
68- 75 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe7 ? rms uncertainty on FHe7
77- 82 F6.3 nm EWHe7 ? HeI (706.5nm) equivalent width
84- 88 F5.3 nm e_EWHe7 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe7
90 A1 --- l_FHe8 Limit flag on He8
91- 98 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe8 ? HeI + FeI (492.2nm) flux
100-107 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe8 ? rms uncertainty on FHe8
109-114 F6.3 nm EWHe8 ? HeI + FeI (92.23nm) equivalent width
116-120 F5.3 nm e_EWHe8 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe8
122 A1 --- l_FHe9 Limit flag on FHe9
123-130 E8.4 mW/m2 FHe9 ? HeII (468.5nm) flux
132-139 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FHe9 ? rms uncertainty on FHe9
141-146 F6.3 nm EWHe9 ? HeII (468.5nm) equivalent width
148-152 F5.3 nm e_EWHe9 ? rms uncertainty on EWHe9
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FCa1 Limit flag on Ca1
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FCa1 ? CaII (393.4nm) flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FCa1 ? rms uncertainty on FCa1
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWCa1 ? CaII (393.4nm) equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWCa1 ? rms uncertainty on EWCa1
58- 65 E8.4 mW/m2 FCa2 ? CaII (396.8nm) flux
67- 74 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FCa2 ? rms uncertainty on FCa2
76- 81 F6.3 nm EWCa2 ? CaII (396.8nm) equivalent width
83- 87 F5.3 nm e_EWCa2 ? rms uncertainty on EWCa2
89 A1 --- l_FCa3 Limit flag on Ca3
90- 97 E8.4 mW/m2 FCa3 ? CaII (849.8nm) flux
99-106 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FCa3 ? rms uncertainty on FCa3
108-113 F6.3 nm EWCa3 ? CaII (849.8nm) equivalent width
115-119 F5.3 nm e_EWCa3 ? rms uncertainty on EWCa3
121-128 E8.4 mW/m2 FCa4 ? CaII (854.2nm) flux
130-137 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FCa4 ? rms uncertainty on FCa4
139-144 F6.3 nm EWCa4 ? CaII (854.2nm) equivalent width
146-150 F5.3 nm e_EWCa4 ? rms uncertainty on EWCa4
152 A1 --- l_FCa5 Limit flag on FCa5
153-160 E8.4 mW/m2 FCa5 ? CaII (866.2nm) flux
162-169 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FCa5 ? rms uncertainty on FCa5
171-176 F6.3 nm EWCa5 ? CaII (866.2nm) equivalent width
178-182 F5.3 nm e_EWCa5 ? rms uncertainty on EWCa5
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee9.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Object Object name
24 A1 --- n_Object Note (G2)
26 A1 --- l_FNa1 Limit flag on Na1
27- 34 E8.4 mW/m2 FNa1 ? NaI (588.99nm) flux
36- 43 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FNa1 ? rms uncertainty on FNa1
45- 50 F6.3 nm EWNa1 ? NaI (588.99nm) equivalent width
52- 56 F5.3 nm e_EWNa1 ? rms uncertainty on EWNa1
58 A1 --- l_FNa2 Limit lfag on FNa2
59- 66 E8.4 mW/m2 FNa2 ? NaI (589.59nm) flux
68- 75 E8.4 mW/m2 e_FNa2 ? rms uncertainty on FNa2
77- 82 F6.3 nm EWNa2 ? NaI (589.59nm) equivalent width
84- 88 F5.3 nm e_EWNa2 ? rms uncertainty on EWNa2
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Global notes
Note (G1): Sample as follows:
T = Targets from ESO archive
O = Objects rejected as Lupus members
G = GTO sample
N = new sample
Note (G2): + : not detected in the UVB spectrograph arm.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 10-Jul-2017