J/A+A/602/A107 231 transiting planets eccentricity and mass (Bonomo+, 2017)
The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG.
XIV. Investigating giant planet migration history via improved eccentricity and
mass determination for 231 transiting planets.
Bonomo A.S., Desidera S., Benatti S., Borsa F., Crespi S., Damasso M.,
Lanza A.F., Sozzetti A., Lodato G., Marzari F., Boccato C., Claudi R.U.,
Cosentino R., Covino E., Gratton R., Maggio A., Micela G., Molinari E.,
Pagano I., Piotto G., Poretti E., Smareglia R., Affer L., Biazzo K.,
Bignamini A., Esposito M., Giacobbe P., Hebrard G., Malavolta L.,
Maldonado J., Mancini L., Martinez Fiorenzano A., Masiero S.,
Nascimbeni V., Pedani M., Rainer M., Scandariato G.
<Astron. Astrophys. 602, A107 (2017)>
=2017A&A...602A.107B 2017A&A...602A.107B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Planets ; Radial velocities ;
Stars, masses
Keywords: planetary systems - techniques: radial velocities -
stars: fundamental parameters - planet-star interactions
Abstract:
We carried out a Bayesian homogeneous determination of the orbital
parameters of 231 transiting giant planets (TGPs) that are alone or
have distant companions; we employed differential evolution Markov
chain Monte Carlo methods to analyse radial-velocity (RV) data from
the literature and 782 new high-accuracy RVs obtained with the HARPS-N
spectrograph for 45 systems over ∼3 years. Our work yields the largest
sample of systems with a transiting giant exoplanet and coherently
determined orbital, planetary, and stellar parameters.
We found that the orbital parameters of TGPs in non-compact planetary
systems are clearly shaped by tides raised by their host stars.
Indeed, the most eccentric planets have relatively large orbital
separations and/or high mass ratios, as expected from the equilibrium
tide theory. This feature would be the outcome of planetary migration
from highly eccentric orbits excited by planet-planet scattering,
Kozai-Lidov perturbations, or secular chaos. The distribution of
α=a/aR, where a and aR are the semi-major axis and the Roche
limit, for well-determined circular orbits peaks at 2.5; this agrees
with expectations from the high-eccentricity migration (HEM), although
it might not be limited to this migration scenario. The few planets of
our sample with circular orbits and α>5 values may have migrated
through disc-planet interactions instead of HEM. By comparing
circularisation times with stellar ages, we found that hot Jupiters
with a<0.05au have modified tidal quality factors 105≲Qp≲109,
and that stellar Qs≳106-107 are required to explain the presence
of eccentric planets at the same orbital distance.
Description:
We carried out a homogeneous determination of the orbital parameters
of 231 TGPs by analysing with our Bayesian DEMCMC tool both the
literature RVs and the new high-accuracy and high-precision HARPS-N
data we acquired for 45 TGPs orbiting relatively bright stars over
∼3 years. We thus produced the largest uniform catalogue of giant
planet orbital and physical parameters. For several systems we
combined for the first time RV datasets collected with different
spectrographs by different groups thus improving the orbital solution.
In general, we fitted a separate jitter term for each dataset by
allowing for different values of extra noise caused by instrumental
effects and/or changing levels of stellar activity in different
observing seasons. This way, we uniformly derived the orbital
eccentricities of
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table5.dat 112 231 Summary of the radial-velocity data used in
the present work
table6.dat 254 231 Priors on orbital periods, and transit and
occultation midtimes from ground-based and/or
space-based photometry
table7.dat 272 231 Parameters of the 231 systems with giant
transiting planets considered in this study
table8.dat 187 231 Orbital parameters of the 231 giant transiting
planets considered in this study
table9.dat 157 231 Orbital and planetary parameters of the 231
giant transiting planets considered in this study
refs.dat 317 328 References
table1.dat 46 782 HARPS-N radial-velocity measurements and
associated photon-noise
table2.dat 29 69 TRES radial-velocity measurements of Qatar-2
and associated
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See also:
J/A+A/554/A28 : Qatar-1 differential light curve (Covino+, 2013)
J/A+A/575/A111 : GAPS V: Global analysis of the XO-2 system (Damasso+, 2015)
J/A+A/575/L15 : TrES-4b RV and Ic curves (Sozzetti+, 2015)
J/A+A/578/A64 : Velocity curve of τ Boo A (Borsa+, 2015)
J/A+A/579/A136 : HAT-P-36 and WASP-11/HAT-P-10 light curves (Mancini+, 2015)
J/A+A/583/A135 : XO-2N and XO-2S spectra (Biazzo+, 2015)
J/A+A/588/A118 : Pr0211 RVs, photometry and activity indexes (Malavolta+, 2016)
J/A+A/599/A90 : Characterization of HD 108874 system (Benatti+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Star Star name
15- 17 I3 --- NRVtot Total number of RVs
19- 21 I3 --- NRVHN ?=- Number of the HARPS-N RVs (1)
23- 26 I4 d Dur Duration
28 I1 --- Ndat Number of different RV datasets
29 A1 --- n_Ndat [*] Note for Qatar-1 (2)
31-112 A82 --- Ref Reference(s), in refs.dat file
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): only refers to the 45 systems that we monitored
Note (2): * : For Qatar-1, the two datasets refer to HARPS-N data taken before
and after the replacement of the HARPS-N CCD in September 2012 because of the
failure of the CCD red side readout. Owing to different RV zero points,
these data were considered as independent datasets.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 12 A12 --- Planet Planet name
13- 26 F14.9 d Per Period
29- 36 E8.3 d e_Per Error on Per
38- 49 F12.7 d BJD1 Transit Midtime
52- 59 E8.4 d e_BJD1 Error on Transit Midtime
61- 79 A19 --- Ref1 Reference for Transit Midtime
82- 92 F11.6 d BJD2 ? Occultation Midtime
94-100 F7.5 d e_BJD2 ? Error for Occultation Midtime
102-120 A19 --- Ref2 Reference for Occultation Midtime
122-132 F11.6 d BJD3 ? Second Transit Midtime
134-140 F7.5 d e_BJD3 ? Error on Second Transit Midtime
142-160 A19 --- Ref3 Reference for Second Transit Midtime
162-171 F10.5 d BJD4 ? Third Transit Midtime
173-179 F7.5 d e_BJD4 ? Error for Second Occultation Midtime
181-199 A19 --- Ref4 Reference for Second Transit Midtime
201-254 A54 --- Other Other quantities
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Star Host star name
13- 17 F5.3 Msun Mstar Stellar mass
19- 23 F5.3 Msun e_Mstar 1sigma negative (left) error on Mstar
25- 29 F5.3 Msun E_Mstar 1sigma positive (right) error on Mstar
31- 36 F6.4 Rsun Rstar Stellar radius
38- 43 F6.4 Rsun e_Rstar 1sigma negative (left) error on Rstar
45- 50 F6.4 Rsun E_Rstar 1sigma positive (right) error on Rstar
52- 55 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
57- 59 I3 K e_Teff 1sigma negative (left) error on Teff
61- 63 I3 K E_Teff 1sigma positive (right) error on Teff
65- 70 F6.3 [-] [Fe/H] Stellar metallicity
72- 76 F5.3 [-] e_[Fe/H] 1sigma negative (left) error on [Fe/H]
78- 82 F5.3 [-] E_[Fe/H] 1sigma positive (right) error on [Fe/H]
84- 91 F8.3 km/s vsini ?=-999 Stellar projected rotational velocity
93-100 F8.3 km/s e_vsini ?=-999 1sigma negative (left) error on vsini
102-109 F8.3 km/s E_vsini ?=-999 1sigma positive (right) error on vsini
111-119 F9.4 d Prot ?=-999 Photometric stellar rotation period
121-129 F9.4 d e_Prot ?=-999 Error on prot
131-138 F8.3 Gyr Age Stellar age
140-144 F5.3 Gyr e_Age 1sigma negative (left) error on Age
146-149 F4.2 Gyr E_Age 1sigma positive (right) error on Age
151-156 F6.3 deg Incl Orbital inclination
158-162 F5.3 deg e_Incl 1sigma negative (left) error on Incl
164-168 F5.3 deg E_Incl 1sigma positive (right) error on Incl
170-175 F6.4 Rjup Rplanet Planet radius
177-182 F6.4 Rjup e_Rplanet 1sigma negative (left) error on Rplanet
184-189 F6.4 Rjup E_Rplanet 1sigma positive (right) error on Rplanet
191-272 A82 --- Ref References (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): References in refs.dat file.
thiswork1 : The new system parameters Mstar, Rstar, Rplanet, and age were
derived by using the Y2 evolutionary tracks and the published
values of stellar atmospheric parameters, stellar density from
the transit fitting, and Rplanet/Rstar (as reported in the
corresponding reference)
thiswork2 : The system age was estimated by using the Y2 evolutionary tracks
and the published values of stellar atmospheric parameters and
stellar density from the transit fitting (as reported in the
corresponding reference)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 12 A12 --- Planet Planet name
14 A1 --- Forbit [CUE] Orbit flag (1)
16 A1 --- Fcirc [0/1] Circ flag (2)
18- 26 F9.4 --- ecc1s ?=-999 1sigma upper limit on ecc
28- 36 F9.4 --- ecc2s ?=-999 2sigma upper limit on ecc
38- 47 F10.5 --- ecc ?=-999 Eccentricity
49- 58 F10.5 --- e_ecc ?=-999 1sigma negative (left) error on ecc
60- 69 F10.5 --- E_ecc ?=-999 1sigma positive (right) error on ecc
71- 77 F7.2 deg omega ?=-999 argument of periastron
79- 85 F7.2 deg e_omega ?=-999 1sigma negative (left) error on omega
87- 93 F7.2 deg E_omega ?=-999 1sigma positive (right) error on omega
95-102 F8.2 m/s K radial-velocity semi-amplitude
104-108 F5.2 m/s e_K 1sigma negative (left) error on K
110-116 F7.2 m/s E_K 1sigma positive (right) error on K
118-126 F9.4 m/s/d slope ?=-999 linear trend
128-136 F9.4 m/s/d e_slope ?=-999 1sigma negative (left) error on slope
138-146 F9.4 m/s/d E_slope ?=-999 1sigma positive (right) error on slope
148 A1 --- Fjit [0/1] jitter flag (3)
150-155 F6.1 m/s jit1s ?=-999 1sigma upper limit on jit
157-163 F7.2 m/s jit ?=-999 radial-velocity jitter
165-171 F7.2 m/s e_jit ?=-999 1sigma negative (left) error on jit
173-179 F7.2 m/s E_jit ?=-999 1sigma positive (right) error on jit
181-187 A7 --- Fcomp Flag for outer companions (4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Orbit flag as follows:
C = circular orbit
U = undetermined eccentricity
E = significantly eccentric orbit
Note (2): Circ flag as follows:
1 = ecc1s and ecc2s are provided while
ecc, e_ecc, E_ecc, omega, e_omega, and E_omega are set to -999
0 = ecc, e_ecc, and E_ecc, omega, e_omega, and E_omega are given while
ecc1s and ecc2s are set to -999
Note (3): jit flag as follows:
1 = jit1s is provided while jit, e_jit, and E_jit are set to -999
0 = jit, e_jit, and E_jit are given while jit1s is set to -999
Note (4): Companion flag as follows:
NDS = no detected slope
YDS = detected slope;
CURV = detected curvature in RV data
PLC = detected planetary companion in RV data
YDS/PLC = YDS and PLC
if flag_companion does not contain 'YDS', slope, e_slope, and E_slope are
set to -999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 12 A12 --- Planet Planet name
14- 20 F7.3 d Period Orbital period
22- 29 F8.6 AU smaxis Semi-major axis
31- 38 F8.6 AU e_smaxis 1sigma negative/left error on smaxis
40- 47 F8.6 AU E_smaxis 1sigma positive/right error on smaxis
49 A1 --- Fcirc [0/1] Orbit flag (1)
51- 59 F9.4 --- ecc1s ?=-999 1sigma upper limit on ecc
61- 70 F10.5 --- ecc ?=-999 Eccentricity
72- 81 F10.5 --- e_ecc ?=-999 1sigma negative (left) error on ecc
83- 92 F10.5 --- E_ecc ?=-999 1sigma positive (right) error on ecc
94-100 F7.4 Mjup Mp Planet Mass
102-107 F6.4 Mjup e_Mp 1sigma negative (left) error on Mp
109-114 F6.4 Mjup E_Mp 1sigma positive (right) error on Mp
116-122 F7.4 g/cm+3 rhop Planet density
124-129 F6.4 g/cm+3 e_rhop 1sigma negative (left) error on rhop
131-136 F6.4 g/cm+3 E_rhop 1sigma positive (right) error on rhop
138-143 F6.4 [cm/s2] loggp Planet surface gravity
145-150 F6.4 [cm/s2] e_loggp 1sigma negative/left error on loggp
152-157 F6.4 [cm/s2] E_loggp 1sigma positive/right error on loggp
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Circ flag as follows:
1 = only ecc1s is provided (for all the orbits classified as circular or
undetermined) while ecc, e_ecc, and E_ecc are set to -999
0 = ecc, e_ecc, and e_ecc are given while ecc1s is set to -999
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- Ref Reference (BibCode)
21- 46 A26 --- Aut Author's name
48-317 A270 --- Com Comments
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Star Host star name (1)
13- 24 F12.7 d BJD Epochs of the radial velocities (BJD_UTC-2450000)
29- 37 F9.5 m/s RV Radial velocity
40- 46 F7.5 m/s e_RV Radial-velocity uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): RV measurements of Qatar-1 taken before and after 6200 BJD
(BJD_UTC-2450000) should be considered as two independent datasets;
indeed, they were acquired before and after the replacement of the HARPS-N
CCD, which gives slightly different zero points for the two datasets.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 F9.4 d BJD Epochs of the radial velocities (BJD_UTC-2450000)
13- 19 F7.2 m/s RV Radial velocity
25- 29 F5.2 m/s e_RV Radial-velocity uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Aldo Bonomo, bonomo(at)oato.inaf.it
References:
Covino et al., Paper I 2013A&A...554A..28C 2013A&A...554A..28C, Cat. J/A+A/554/A28
Desidera et al., Paper II 2013A&A...554A..29D 2013A&A...554A..29D
Esposito et al., Paper III 2014A&A...564L..13E 2014A&A...564L..13E
Desidera et al., Paper IV 2014A&A...567L...6D 2014A&A...567L...6D
Damasso et al., Paper V 2015A&A...575A.111D 2015A&A...575A.111D, Cat. J/A+A/575/A111
Sozzetti et al., Paper VI 2015A&A...575L..15S 2015A&A...575L..15S, Cat. J/A+A/575/L15
Borsa et al., Paper VII 2015A&A...578A..64B 2015A&A...578A..64B, Cat. J/A+A/578/A64
Mancini et al., Paper VIII 2015A&A...579A.136M 2015A&A...579A.136M, Cat. J/A+A/579/A136
Damasso et al., Paper IX 2015A&A...581L...6D 2015A&A...581L...6D, Cat. J/A+A/581/L6
Biazzo et al., Paper X 2015A&A...583A.135B 2015A&A...583A.135B, Cat. J/A+A/583/A135
Malavolta et al., Paper XI 2016A&A...588A.118M 2016A&A...588A.118M, Cat. J/A+A/588/A118
Benatti et al., Paper XII 2017A&A...599A..90B 2017A&A...599A..90B, Cat. J/A+A/599/A90
Esposito et al., Paper XIII 2017A&A...601A..53E 2017A&A...601A..53E
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 24-Apr-2017