J/A+A/603/A81 Trumpler 14 and 16 in the Carina nebula (Damiani+, 2017)
Gaia-ESO Survey:
Global properties of clusters Trumpler 14 and 16 in the Carina nebula.
Damiani F., Klutsch A., Jeffries R.D., Randich S., Prisinzano L.,
Maiz-Apellaniz J., Micela G., Kalari V., Frasca A., Zwitter T., Bonito R.,
Gilmore G., Flaccomio E., Francois P., Koposov S., Lanzafame A.C.,
Sacco G.G., Bayo A., Carraro G., Casey A.R., Alfaro E.J., Costado M.T.,
Donati P., Franciosini E., Hourihane A., Jofre P., Lardo C., Lewis J.,
Magrini L., Monaco L., Morbidelli L., Worley C.C., Vink J.S., Zaggia S.
<Astron. Astrophys. 603, A81 (2017)>
=2017A&A...603A..81D 2017A&A...603A..81D (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Radial velocities ; Rotational velocities ;
Spectral types ; Spectroscopy ; Stars, early-type ;
Stars, pre-main sequence ; X-ray sources
Keywords: stars: pre-main sequence - stars: early-type -
open clusters and associations: individual: Trumpler 14 -
open clusters and associations: individual: Trumpler 16 -
open clusters and associations: individual: Carina nebula
Abstract:
We present the first extensive spectroscopic study of the global
population in star clusters Trumpler 16, Trumpler 14, and
Collinder 232 in the Carina nebula, using data from the Gaia-ESO
Survey, down to solar-mass stars. In addition to the standard
homogeneous survey data reduction, a special processing was applied
here because of the bright nebulosity surrounding Carina stars. We
find about 400 good candidate members ranging from OB types down to
slightly subsolar masses. About 100 heavily reddened early-type Carina
members found here were previously unrecognized or poorly classified,
including two candidate O stars and several candidate Herbig Ae/Be
stars. Their large brightness makes them useful tracers of the
obscured Carina population. The spectroscopically derived temperatures
for nearly 300 low-mass members enables the inference of individual
extinction values and the study of the relative placement of stars
along the line of sight. We find a complex spatial structure with
definite clustering of low-mass members around the most massive stars
and spatially variable extinction. By combining the new data with
existing X-ray data, we obtain a more complete picture of the
three-dimensional spatial structure of the Carina clusters and of
their connection to bright and dark nebulosity and UV sources. The
identification of tens of background giants also enables us to
determine the total optical depth of the Carina nebula along many
sightlines. We are also able to put constraints on the star formation
history of the region with Trumpler 14 stars found to be
systematically younger than stars in other subclusters. We find a
large percentage of fast-rotating stars among Carina solar-mass
members, which provide new constraints on the rotational evolution of
pre-main-sequence stars in this mass range.
Description:
For all Carina cluster members found from Gaia-ESO Survey optical
spectra, we report identifications with other catalogs, and properties
derived from the optical spectra: radial and rotational velocity,
effective temperature and gravity index, optical extinction, lithium
equivalent width, H-alpha emission, and binarity. Also given is a
catalog of stars classified as early-type on the basis of the Gaia-ESO
spectra.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 87 298 Carina member identifications
table2.dat 79 298 Carina member properties
table7.dat 105 110 Carina early-type stars
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See also:
J/A+A/490/1055 : Chandra survey of Tr16 low-mass stars (Albacete-Colombo+ 2008)
J/ApJS/194/2 : Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP) catalog (Broos+, 2011)
J/AJ/143/41 : UBVIc CCD photometry of star clusters Tr14 & Tr16 (Hur+, 2012)
J/A+A/566/A50 : Classification of stellar spectra 644-681nm (Damiani+, 2014)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- [HSB2012] Identifier in Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
6- 23 A18 --- CXOGNC ? Identifier in Broos et al.
(2011, Cat. J/ApJS/194/2)
25- 28 I4 --- [ADM2008] ? Identifier in Albacete-Colombo et al.
(2008, Cat. J/A+A/490/1055)
30- 47 A18 --- YSO Identifier in Zeidler et al.
(2016, Cat. J/A+A/585/A49)
49- 50 I2 h RAh Right Ascension (J2000)
52- 53 I2 min RAm Right Ascension (J2000)
55- 59 F5.2 s RAs Right Ascension (J2000)
61 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
62- 63 I2 deg DEd Declination sign (J2000)
65- 66 I2 arcmin DEm Declination sign (J2000)
68- 71 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination sign (J2000)
73- 77 F5.2 mag Vmag V magnitude from Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
79- 82 F4.2 mag B-V ? B-V color from Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
84- 87 F4.2 mag V-I V-I color from Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- [HSB2012] Identifier in Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
6- 10 F5.1 --- S/N Signal/noise ratio in optical spectrum
12- 16 F5.1 km/s HRV ? Stellar heliocentric radial velocity
18- 21 F4.1 km/s e_HRV ? Error on HRV
23- 27 F5.1 km/s vsini ? Rotational velocity vsini
29- 32 F4.1 km/s e_vsini ? Error on vsini
34- 37 I4 K Teff ? Effective temperature
39- 42 I4 K e_Teff ? Error on Teff
44- 47 F4.2 mag A(V) ? Optical extinction
49- 53 F5.1 0.1pm EWLi ? Lithium 670.7nm equivalent width
55- 58 F4.1 0.1pm e_EWLi ? Error on EWLi
60- 64 F5.3 --- gamma Gravity index from Damiani et al.
(2014, Cat. J/A+A/566/A50)
66- 70 F5.3 --- e_gamma Error on gamma
72- 75 F4.2 [yr] logAge ? Isochronal age (log)
77 A1 --- Halpha [Y/N] Classical T Tauri star candidate
79 A1 --- SB2 [Y/N] SB2 binary
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- 2MASS Identifier from 2MASS
18- 45 A28 --- SIMBAD Identifier from SIMBAD
47- 48 I2 h RAh Right Ascension (J2000)
50- 51 I2 min RAm Right Ascension (J2000)
53- 57 F5.2 s RAs Right Ascension (J2000)
59 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
60- 61 I2 deg DEd Declination sign (J2000)
63- 64 I2 arcmin DEm Declination sign (J2000)
66- 69 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination sign (J2000)
71- 75 F5.2 mag Vmag V magnitude from Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
77- 80 F4.2 mag B-V B-V color from Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
82- 85 F4.2 mag V-I V-I color from Hur et al.
(2012, Cat. J/AJ/143/41)
87- 89 A3 --- SpType MK spectral type from SIMBAD
91-105 A15 --- Notes New spectral classification (1)
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Note (1): Spectroscopic classification as follows:
B type = main-sequence B-type stars
O type = O-type stars
B SG = candidate B supergiants
near A0 = stars of late-B/early-A type
HAeBe = Herbig Ae/Be stars
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Acknowledgements:
Acknowledgements: Francesco Damiani, damiani(at)astropa.inaf.it
(End) Francesco Damiani [INAF-OAPA, Italy], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 10-Apr-2017