J/A+A/616/A10 46 open clusters GaiaDR2 HR diagrams (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
Gaia Data Release 2: Observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams.
Gaia Collaboration, Babusiaux C., van Leeuwen F., Barstow, M. A.,
Jordi C., Vallenari A., Bossini A., Bressan A., Cantat-Gaudin T.,
van Leeuwen M., Brown A.G.A., Prusti T., de Bruijne J.H.J.,
Bailer-Jones C.A.L., Biermann M., Evans D.W., Eyer L., Jansen F.,
Klioner S.A., Lammers U., Lindegren L., Luri X., Mignard F., Panem C.,
Pourbaix D., Randich S., Sartoretti P., Siddiqui H.I., Soubiran C.,
Walton N.A., Arenou F., Bastian U., Cropper M., Drimmel R., Katz D.,
Lattanzi M.G., Bakker J., Cacciari C., Castaneda J., Chaoul L., Cheek N.,
De Angeli F., Fabricius C., Guerra R., Holl B., Masana E., Messineo R.,
Mowlavi N., Nienartowicz K., Panuzzo P., Portell J., Riello M.,
Seabroke G.M., Tanga P., Thevenin F., Gracia-Abril G., Comoretto G.,
Garcia-Reinaldos M., Teyssier D., Altmann M., Andrae R., Audard M.,
Bellas-Velidis I., Benson K., Berthier J., Blomme R., Burgess P., Busso G.,
Carry B., Cellino A., Clementini G., Clotet M., Creevey O., Davidson M.,
De Ridder J., Delchambre L., Dell'Oro A., Ducourant C.,
Fernandez-Hernandez J., Fouesneau M., Fremat Y., Galluccio L.,
Garcia-Torres M., Gonzalez-Nunez J., Gonzalez-Vidal J.J., Gosset E.,
Guy L.P., Halbwachs J.-L., Hambly N.C., Harrison D.L., Hernandez J.,
Hestroer D., Hodgkin S.T., Hutton A., Jasniewicz G.,
Jean-Antoine-Piccolo A., Jordan S., Korn A.J., Krone-Martins A.,
Lanzafame A.C., Lebzelter T., Loeer W., Manteiga M., Marrese P.M.,
Martin-Fleitas J.M., Moitinho A., Mora A., Muinonen K., Osinde J.,
Pancino E., Pauwels T., Petit J.-M., Recio-Blanco A., Richards P.J.,
Rimoldini L., Robin A.C., Sarro L.M., Siopis C., Smith M., Sozzetti A.,
Sueveges M., Torra J., van Reeven W., Abbas U., Abreu Aramburu A.,
Accart S., Aerts C., Altavilla G., Alvarez M.A., Alvarez R., Alves J.,
Anderson R.I., Andrei A.H., Anglada Varela E., Antiche E., Antoja T.,
Arcay B., Astraatmadja T.L., Bach N., Baker S.G., Balaguer-Nunez L.,
Balm P., Barache C., Barata C., Barbato D., Barblan F., Barklem P.S.,
Barrado D., Barros M., Bartholome Munoz S., Bassilana J.-L., Becciani U.,
Bellazzini M., Berihuete A., Bertone S., Bianchi L., Bienayme O.,
Blanco-Cuaresma S., Boch T., Boeche C., Bombrun A., Borrachero R.,
Bouquillon S., Bourda G., Bragaglia A., Bramante L., Breddels M.A.,
Brouillet N., Bruesemeister T., Brugaletta E., Bucciarelli B., Burlacu A.,
Busonero D., Butkevich A.G., Buzzi R., Caau E., Cancelliere R.,
Cannizzaro G., Carballo R., Carlucci T., Carrasco J.M., Casamiquela L.,
Castellani M., Castro-Ginard A., Charlot P., Chemin L., Chiavassa A.,
Cocozza G., Costigan G., Cowell S., Crifo F., Crosta M., Crowley C.,
Cuypersy J., Dafonte C., Damerdji Y., Dapergolas A., David P., David M.,
de Laverny P., De Luise F., De March R., de Martino D., de Souza R.,
de Torres A., Debosscher J., del Pozo E., Delbo M., Delgado A.,
Delgado H.E., Diakite S., Diener C., Distefano E., Dolding C., Drazinos P.,
Duran J., Edvardsson B., Enke H., Eriksson K., Esquej P.,
Eynard Bontemps G., Fabre C., Fabrizio M., Faigler S., Falcao A.J.,
Farras Casas M., Federici L., Fedorets G., Fernique P., Figueras F.,
Filippi F., Findeisen K., Fonti A., Fraile E., Fraser M., Frezouls B.,
Gai M., Galleti S., Garabato D., Garcia-Sedano F., Garofalo A., Garralda N.,
Gavel A., Gavras P., Gerssen J., Geyer R., Giacobbe P., Gilmore G.,
Girona S., Giurida G., Glass F., Gomes M., Granvik M., Gueguen A.,
Guerrier A., Guiraud J., Gutierrez-Sanchez R., Haigron R.,
Hatzidimitriou D., Hauser M., Haywood M., Heiter U., Helmi A., Heu J.,
Hilger T., Hobbs D., Hofmann W., Holland G., Huckle H.E., Hypki A.,
Icardi V., Janssen K., Jevardat de Fombelle G., Jonker P.G., Juhasz A.L.,
Julbe F., Karampelas A., Kewley A., Klar J., Kochoska A., Kohley R.,
Kolenberg K., Kontizas M., Kontizas E., Koposov S.E., Kordopatis G.,
Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z., Koubsky P., Lambert S., Lanza A.F., Lasne Y.,
Lavigne J.-B., Le Fustec Y., Le Poncin-Lafitte C., Lebreton Y., Leccia S.,
Leclerc N., Lecoeur-Taibi I., Lenhardt H., Leroux F., Liao S., Licata E.,
Lindstrom H.E.P., Lister T.A., Livanou E., Lobel A., Lopez M., Managau S.,
Mann R.G., Mantelet G., Marchal O., Marchant J.M., Marconi M., Marinoni S.,
Marschalko G., Marshall D.J., Martino M., Marton G., Mary N., Massari D.,
Matijevi?c G., Mazeh T., McMillan P.J., Messina S., Michalik D.,
Millar N.R., Molina D., Molinaro R., Molnar L., Montegrio P., Mor R.,
Morbidelli R., Morel T., Morris D., Mulone A.F., Muraveva T., Musella I.,
Nelemans G., Nicastro L., Noval L., O'Mullane W., Ordenovic C.,
Ordonez-Blanco D., Osborne P., Pagani C., Pagano I., Pailler F.,
Palacin H., Palaversa L., Panahi A., Pawlak M., Piersimoni A.M.,
Pineau F.-X., Plachy E., Plum G., Poggio E., Poujoulet E., Prsa A.,
Pulone L., Racero E., Ragaini S., Rambaux N., Ramos-Lerate M., Regibo S.,
Reyle C., Riclet F., Ripepi V., Riva A., Rivard A., Rixon G., Roegiers T.,
Roelens M., Romero-Gomez M., Rowell N., Royer F., Ruiz-Dern L., Sadowski G.,
Sagrista Selles T., Sahlmann J., Salgado J., Salguero E., Sanna N.,
Santana-Ros T., Sarasso M., Savietto H., Schultheis M., Sciacca E.,
Segol M., Segovia J.C., Segransan D., Shih I-C., Siltala L., Silva A.F.,
Smart R.L., Smith K.W., Solano E., Solitro F., Sordo R., Soria Nieto S.,
Souchay J., Spagna A., Spoto F., Stampa U., Steele I.A., Steidelmueller H.,
Stephenson C.A., Stoev H., Suess F.F., Surdej J., Szabados L.,
Szegedi-Elek E., Tapiador D., Taris F., Tauran G., Taylor M.B., Teixeira R.,
Terrett D., Teyssandier P., Thuillot W., Titarenko A., Torra Clotet F.,
Turon C., Ulla A., Utrilla E., Uzzi S., Vaillant M., Valentini G.,
Valette V., van Elteren A., Van Hemelryck E., Vaschetto M., Vecchiato A.,
Veljanoski J., Viala Y., Vicente D., Vogt S., von Essen C., Voss H.,
Votruba V., Voutsinas S., Walmsley G., Weiler M., Wertz O., Wevers T.,
Wyrzykowski L., Yoldas A., Zerjal M., Ziaeepour H., Zorec J., Zschocke S.,
Zucker S., Zurbach C., Zwitter T.
<Astron. Astrophys. 616, A10 (2018)>
=2018A&A...616A..10G 2018A&A...616A..10G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Parallaxes, trigonometric ; Proper motions
Keywords: parallaxes - Hertzsprung-Russell and C-M diagrams -
solar neighbourhood - stars: evolution
Abstract:
Gaia Data Release 2 provides high-precision astrometry and three-band
photometry for about 1.3 billion sources over the full sky. The
precision, accuracy, and homogeneity of both astrometry and photometry
are unprecedented.
We highlight the power of the Gaia DR2 in studying many fine
structures of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Gaia allows us to
present many different HRDs, depending in particular on stellar
population selections. We do not aim here for completeness in terms of
types of stars or stellar evolutionary aspects. Instead, we have
chosen several illustrative examples.
We describe some of the selections that can be made in Gaia DR2 to
highlight the main structures of the Gaia HRDs. We select both field
and cluster (open and globular) stars, compare the observations with
previous classifications and with stellar evolutionary tracks, and we
present variations of the Gaia HRD with age, metallicity, and
kinematics. Late stages of stellar evolution such as hot subdwarfs,
post-AGB stars, planetary nebulae, and white dwarfs are also analysed,
as well as low-mass brown dwarf objects.
The Gaia HRDs are unprecedented in both precision and coverage of the
various Milky Way stellar populations and stellar evolutionary phases.
Many fine structures of the HRDs are presented. The clear split of the
white dwarf sequence into hydrogen and helium white dwarfs is
presented for the first time in an HRD. The relation between
kinematics and the HRD is nicely illustrated. Two different populations
in a classical kinematic selection of the halo are unambiguously
identified in the HRD. Membership and mean parameters for a selected
list of open clusters are provided. They allow drawing very detailed
cluster sequences, highlighting fine structures, and providing
extremely precise empirical isochrones that will lead to more insight
in stellar physics.
Gaia DR2 demonstrates the potential of combining precise astrometry
and photometry for large samples for studies in stellar evolution and
stellar population and opens an entire new area for HRD-based studies.
Description:
We have determined the membership of 46 open clusters. For the nine
clusters within 250pc we determined optimised parallaxes based on the
combined information extracted from the measured parallax and proper
motion values. These clusters are : in Tables A1a & A3: alphaPer,
Blanco1, ComaBer, Hyades, IC2391, IC2602, NGC2451A, Pleiades,
Praesepe. The remaining 37 clusters are in Table A1b & A4: Coll140,
IC4651, IC4665, IC4725, IC4756, NGC0188, NGC0752, NGC0869, NGC0884,
NGC1039, NGC1901, NGC2158, NGC2168, NGC2232, NGC2323, NGC2360,
NGC2422, NGC2423, NGC2437, NGC2447, NGC2516, NGC2547, NGC2548,
NGC2682, NGC3228, NGC3532, NGC6025, NGC6281, NGC6405, NGC6475,
NGC6633, NGC6774, NGC6793, NGC7092, Stock2, Trump02, Trump10.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1a.dat 71 5378 Stars in nine open clusters within 250pc
tablea1b.dat 58 35525 Stars in 37 open clusters beyond 250pc
tablea3.dat 160 9 Mean parameters for clusters within 250pc
tablea4.dat 120 37 Mean parameters for clusters beyond 250pc
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See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1a.dat tablea1b.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 22 I22 --- Source Source identifier in Gaia DR2 (source_id)
24- 31 A8 --- Cluster Cluster identifier
33- 41 F9.5 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (ICRS), epoch 2015.5
43- 51 F9.5 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS), epoch 2015.5
53- 58 F6.3 mag Gmag Gaia G mean magnitude
60- 65 F6.3 mas plx ? Optimized parallax (only in tablea1a.dat) (1)
67- 71 F5.3 mas e_plx ? Uncertainty on optimized parallax
(only in tablea1a.dat)
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Note (1): optimized parallaxes obtained for nearby clusters based on the
combined information extracted from the measured parallax and proper motion
values.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- Cluster Cluster name
10- 15 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (ICRS), epoch 2015.5
17- 22 F6.2 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS), epoch 2015.5
24- 29 F6.3 km/s U U-component of cluster velocity
31- 35 F5.3 km/s e_U Uncertainty on U
37- 42 F6.3 km/s V V-component of cluster velocity
44- 48 F5.3 km/s e_V Uncertainty on V
50- 56 F7.3 km/s W W-component of cluster velocity
58- 62 F5.3 km/s e_W Uncertainty on W
64- 68 F5.2 --- cUV Error-correlation coefficient U,V
70- 74 F5.2 --- cUW Error-correlation coefficient U,W
76- 80 F5.2 --- cVW Error-correlation coefficient V,W
82- 89 F8.4 deg RAconv Right ascension of convergent point
91- 98 F8.4 deg DEconv Declination of convergent point
100-105 F6.3 mas plx Parallax of cluster centre
107-111 F5.3 mas e_plx Uncertainty on parallax cluster centre
113-119 F7.3 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion along RA of cluster centre
121-125 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA Uncertainty on pmRA cluster centre
127-133 F7.3 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion along DE of cluster centre
135-139 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE Uncertainty on pmDE cluster centre
141-144 I4 --- NMemb number of cluster members identified
146-149 F4.2 --- uwsd Unit-weight standard deviation of solution
151-155 F5.2 km/s RV Radial velocity at cluster centre
157-160 F4.2 km/s e_RV Uncertainty of Vrad
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 ---- Cluster Cluster name
9- 16 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right Ascension cluster centre (J2000)
18- 25 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination cluster centre (J2000)
27- 32 F6.4 mas plx Parallax of cluster centre
34- 39 F6.4 mas e_plx Uncertainty of parallax cluster centre
41- 48 F8.4 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion along RA of cluster centre
50- 55 F6.4 mas/yr e_pmRA Uncertainty of pmRA
57- 64 F8.4 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion along DE of cluster centre
66- 71 F6.4 mas/yr e_pmDE Uncertainty of pmDE
73- 77 F5.2 --- cc1 Error correlation coefficient plx-pmRA
79- 83 F5.2 --- cc2 Error correlation coefficient plx-pmDE
85- 89 F5.2 --- cc3 Error correlation coefficient pmRA-pmDE
91- 94 I4 --- NMemb Number of cluster members
96- 99 F4.2 deg rMax Maximum radius of the cluster
101-104 F4.2 --- uwsd Unit-weight standard deviation of solution
106-111 F6.2 km/s RV ? Mean radial velocity, Gaia data
113-116 F4.2 km/s e_RV ? Uncertainty on RV
118-120 I3 --- o_RV ? Number of radial velocity data points
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Acknowledgements:
Floor van Leeuwen, fvl(at)ast.cam.ac.uk
(End) F. van Leeuwen [IoA, Cambridge Univ.], P. Vannier [CDS] 17-May-2018