J/A+A/620/A28 XMM northern disc of M31 sources (Sasaki+, 2018)
Deep XMM-Newton observations of the northern disc of M31. I. Source catalogue.
Sasaki M., Haberl F., Henze M., Saeedi S., Williams B.F., Plucinsky P.P.,
Hatzidimitriou D., Karampelas A., Sokolovsky K.V., Breitschwerdt D.,
de Avillez M.A., Filipovic M.D., Galvin T., Kavanagh P.J., Long K.S.
<Astron. Astrophys. 620, A28 (2018)>
=2018A&A...620A..28S 2018A&A...620A..28S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, nearby ; X-ray sources
Keywords: galaxies: individual: M31 - X-rays: binaries - X-rays: ISM -
ISM: supernova remnants
Abstract:
We carried out new observations of two fields in the star-forming
northern ring of M31 with XMM-Newton with two exposures of about 100
ks each. A previous XMM-Newton survey of the entire M31 galaxy
revealed extended diffuse X-ray emission in these regions.
We study the population of X-ray sources in the northern disc of M31
by compiling a complete list of X-ray sources down to a sensitivity
limit of ∼7x1034erg/s (0.5-2.0keV) and improve the identification of
the X-ray sources. The major objective of the observing programme was
the study of the hot phase of the interstellar medium (ISM) in M31.
The analysis of the diffuse emission and the study of the ISM is
presented in a separate paper.
We analysed the spectral properties of all detected sources using
hardness ratios and spectra if the statistics were high enough. We
also checked for variability. In order to classify the sources
detected in the new deep XMM-Newton observations, we cross-correlated
the source list with the source catalogue of a new survey of the
northern disc of M31 carried out with the Chandra X-ray Observatory
and the Hubble Space Telescope (Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda
Treasury, PHAT) as well as with other existing catalogues
We detected a total of 389 sources in the two fields of the northern
disc ofM31 observed with XMM-Newton.We identified 43 foreground stars
and candidates and 50 background sources. Based on the comparison to
the results of the Chandra/PHAT survey, we classify 24 hard X-ray
sources as new candidates for X-ray binaries (XRBs). In total, we
identified 34 X-ray binaries and candidates and 18 supernova remnants
(SNRs) and candidates. We studied the spectral properties of the four
brightest SNRs and confirmed five new X-ray SNRs. Three of the four
SNRs, for which a spectral analysis was performed, show emission
mainly below 2 keV, which is consistent with shocked ISM. The spectra
of two of them also require an additional component with a higher
temperature. The SNR [SPH11] 1535 has a harder spectrum and might
suggest that there is a pulsar-wind nebula inside the SNR. For all
SNRs in the observed fields, we measured the X-ray flux or calculated
upper limits. We also carried out short-term and long-term variability
studies of the X-ray sources and found five new sources showing clear
variability. In addition, we studied the spectral properties of the
transient source SWIFT J004420.1+413702, which shows significant
variation in flux over a period of seven months (June 2015 to January
2016) and associated change in absorption. Based on the likely optical
counterpart detected in the Chandra/PHAT survey, the source is
classified as a low-mass X-ray binary.
Description:
We have observed two fields in the northern disc of M31 in a large
programme (LP) of XMM-Newton (PI: M. Sasaki). The data were taken with
the European Photon Imaging Cameras (EPICs) in full-frame mode using
the thin filter for the pn camera (EPIC-pn) and the medium filter for
the two MOS cameras (EPIC-MOS1/2), in order to minimise the
contamination by background but to maximise the sensitivity for soft
diffuse emission. Each of the two fields was observed twice.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1.dat 155 389 Catalogue of sources detected in the XMM-Newton
LP of the northern disc of M31
tablea2.dat 104 25 Spectral fit results of M 31 XMM-Newton LP
sources which are most likely located in M 31
tablea3.dat 104 32 Spectral fit results of M 31 XMM-Newton LP
sources which are most likely background sources
tablea4.dat 66 99 Variability for Field 1 (OBS1 vs. OBS2)
tablea5.dat 66 101 Variability for Field 2 (OBS3 vs. OBS4)
tablea6.dat 25 154 Sources, which have only been detected once even
though they were observed twice
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See also:
B/xmm : XMM-Newton Observation Log (XMM-Newton SOC, 2009)
J/A+A/373/63 : M31 second ROSAT PSPC survey (Supper+, 2001)
J/ApJ/577/738 : M31 Chandra X-ray point sources (Kong+, 2002)
J/ApJ/578/114 : Chandra HRC source in M31 (Kaaret, 2002)
J/ApJ/609/735 : M31 Chandra X-ray sources (Williams+, 2004)
J/ApJ/610/247 : M31 supersoft and quasi-soft X-ray sources (Di Stefano+, 2004)
J/ApJ/643/356 : Transient X-ray sources in M31 (Williams+, 2006)
J/A+A/451/835 : Properties of X-ray sources in M31/M33 (Hatzidimitriou+, 2006)
J/ApJ/681/1464 : X-ray sources near soft gamma repeater in M31 (Ofek+, 2008)
J/A+A/480/599 : XMM-Newton survey of M31 centre field (Stiele+, 2008)
J/A+A/495/733 : XMM-Newton spectral survey of M31 disc (Shaw+, 2009)
J/A+A/534/A55 : Deep XMM-Newton Survey of M31 (Stiele+, 2011)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- ID [1/389] Sequential identification number
5- 6 I2 h RAh Rigth ascension (J2000)
8- 9 I2 min RAm Rigth ascension (J2000)
11- 16 F6.3 s RAs Rigth ascension (J2000)
18 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
19- 20 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
22- 23 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
25- 29 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
31- 34 F4.2 arcsec ePos Position error
36 A1 --- Chandra [y] Whether a counterpart exists in Chandra
catalogue (Williams et al.,
2018ApJS..239...13W 2018ApJS..239...13W)
38- 46 F9.2 --- DetML Source detection likelihood
48- 56 F9.2 ct Cts Counts
58- 63 F6.2 ct e_Cts rms uncertainty on Counts
65- 72 F8.6 ct/s CRate Count rate
74- 78 F5.2 --- HR1 ?=- Hardness ratio 1, HR1=(B2-B1/(B2+B1) (1)
80- 84 F5.2 --- e_HR1 ?=- rms uncertainty on HR1
86- 90 F5.2 --- HR2 ?=- Hardness ratio 2, HR2=(B3-B2/(B3+B2) (1)
92- 96 F5.2 ---- e_HR2 ?=- rms uncertainty on HR2
98-102 F5.2 --- HR3 ?=- Hardness ratio 3, HR3=(B4-B3/(B4+B3) (1)
104-108 F5.2 --- e_HR3 ?=- rms uncertainty on HR3
110-114 F5.2 --- HR4 ?=- Hardness ratio 4, HR4=(B5-B4/(B5+B4) (1)
116-121 F6.2 --- e_HR4 ?=- rms uncertainty on HR4
123-126 I4 --- [SPH11] ? Entry in SPH11 catalogue
(Stiele et al. 2011, Cat. J/A+A/534/A55)
[SPH2011] NNNN in Simbad
128-136 A9 --- Class Classification (2)
138-155 A18 --- Notes Notes (3)
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Note (1): HRi=(R(i+1)-R(i))/(R(i+1)+R(i)) where Ri are the count rates
in the energy bands 1 to 5 and
band 1 = 0.2-0.5keV,
band 2 = 0.5-1.0keV,
band 3 = 1.0-2.0keV,
band 4 = 2.0-4.5keV,
band 5 = 4.5-12keV
Note (2): Candidates of a source class are given in < > brackets.
Note (3): * for new candidates for X-ray binaries.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea[23].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- ID [1/389] Idenfication number
5- 20 A16 --- Name Name (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
22 A1 --- l_NHGal Upper limit flag on NHGal
23- 27 F5.2 10+21cm-2 NHGal Galactic foreground NH
29- 31 F3.1 10+21cm-2 E_NHGal ? Upper error of Galactic foreground NH
33- 35 F3.1 10+21cm-2 e_NHGal ? Lower error of Galactic foreground NH
37- 42 F6.2 10+21cm-2 NHint ? Additional M31 or intrinsic NH
44- 48 F5.2 10+21cm-2 E_NHint ? Upper error of additional NH
50- 54 F5.2 10+21cm-2 e_NHint ? Lower error of additional NH
56- 59 F4.2 --- Gamma Photon index
61- 64 F4.2 --- E_Gamma Upper error of photon index
66- 69 F4.2 --- e_Gamma Lower error of photon index
71- 74 F4.2 --- redChi2 Reduced Chi2
76- 78 I3 --- DOF Degrees of freedom
80- 89 A10 --- Obs Observation ID(s)
91-104 A14 --- Inst Instrument(s)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea[45].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- ID [1/389] Identification number
5- 11 F7.5 ct/s Rate1 Count rate in OBS1
13- 19 F7.5 ct/s Rate2 Count rate in OBS2
21- 27 F7.5 ct/s RateMean Mean count rate
29- 36 F8.5 ct/s DRate Count rate difference
38- 44 F7.5 ct/s e_Rate1 Count rate error in OBS1
46- 52 F7.5 ct/s e_Rate2 Count rate error in OBS2
54- 57 I4 % Var Variability
59- 62 F4.1 --- Signi Significance
64- 66 A3 --- fVar [yes no] Variable ?
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- ID [1/389] Identification number
5- 20 A16 --- Name Name (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
22- 25 A4 --- ObsID Observation ID
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Acknowledgements:
Manami Sasaki, manami.sasaki(at)fau.de
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 21-Sep-2018