J/A+A/627/A49 Teegarden's Star RV and Hα curves (Zechmeister+, 2019)
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs.
Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star.
Zechmeister M., Dreizler M., Ribas I., Reiners A., Caballero J. A.,
Bauer F.F., Bejar V.J.S., Gonzalez-Cuesta L., Herrero E., Lalitha S.,
Lopez-Gonzalez M.J., Luque R., Morales J.C., Palle E., Rodriguez E.,
Rodriguez Lopez C., Tal-Or L., Anglada-Escude G., Quirrenbach A.,
Amado P.J., Abril M., Aceituno F.J., Aceituno J., Alonso-Floriano F.J.,
Ammler-von Eiff M., Antona Jimenez R., Anwand-Heerwart H., Arroyo-Torres B.,
Azzaro M., Baroch D., Barrado D., Becerril S., Benitez D., Berdinas Z.M.,
Bergond G., Bluhm P., Brinkmoeller M., del Burgo C., Calvo Ortega R.,
Cano J., Cardona Guillen C., Carro J., Cardenas Vazquez M.C., Casal E.,
Casasayas-Barris N., Casanova V., Chaturvedi P., Cifuentes C., Claret A.,
Colome J., Cortes-Contreras M., Czesla S., Diez-Alonso E., Dorda R.,
Fernandez M., Fernandez-Martin A., Fuhrmeister B., Fukui A.,
Galadi-Enriquez D., Gallardo Cava I., Garcia de la Fuente J.,
Garcia-Piquer A., Garcia Vargas M.L., Gesa L., Gongora Rueda J.,
Gonzalez-Alvarez E., Gonzalez Hernandez J.I., Gonzalez-Peinado R.,
Groezinger U., Guardia J., Guijarro A., de Guindos E., Hatzes A.P.,
Hauschildt P.H., Hedrosa R.P., Helmling J., Henning T., Hermelo I.,
Hernandez Arabi R., Hernandez Castano L., Hernandez Otero F., Hintz D.,
Huke P., Huber A., Jeffers S.V., Johnson E.N., de Juan E., Kaminski A.,
Kemmer J., Kim M., Klahr H., Klein R., Klueter J., Klutsch A.,
Kossakowski D., Kuerster M., Labarga F., Lafarga M., Llamas M., Lampon M.,
Lara L.M., Launhardt R., Lazaro F.J., Lodieu N., Lopez del Fresno M.,
Lopez-Puertas M., Lopez Salas J.F., Lopez-Santiago J.,
Magan Madinabeitia H., Mall U., Mancini L., Mandel H., Marfil E.,
Marin Molina J.A., Maroto Fernandez D., Martin E.L., Martin-Fernandez P.,
Martin-Ruiz S., Marvin C.J., Mirabet E., Montanes-Rodriguez P., Montes D.,
Moreno-Raya M.E., Nagel E., Naranjo V., Narita N., Nortmann L., Nowak G.,
Ofir A., Oshagh M., Panduro J., Parviainen H., Pascual J., Passegger V.M.,
Pavlov A., Pedraz S., Perez-Calpena A., Perez Medialdea D., Perger M.,
Perryman M.A.C., Rabaza O., Ramon Ballesta A., Rebolo R., Redondo P.,
Reffert S., Reinhardt S., Rhode P., Rix H.-W., Rodler F.,
Rodriguez Trinidad A., Rosich A., Sadegi S., Sanchez-Blanco E.,
Sanchez Carrasco M.A., Sanchez-Lopez A., Sanz-Forcada J., Sarkis P.,
Sarmiento L.F., Schaefer S., Schmitt J.H.M.M., Schoefer P., Schweitzer A.,
Seifert W., Shulyak D., Solano E., Sota A., Stahl O., Stock S.,
Strachan J.B.P., Stuber T., Stuermer J., Suarez J.C., Tabernero H.M.,
Tala Pinto M., Trifonov T., Veredas G., Vico Linares J.I., Vilardell F.,
Wagner K., Wolthoff V., Xu W., Yan F., Zapatero Osorio M.R.
<Astron. Astrophys. 627, A49 (2019)>
=2019A&A...627A..49Z 2019A&A...627A..49Z (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, M-type ; Radial velocities
Keywords: methods: data analysis - planetary systems - stars: late-type -
stars: individual: Teegarden's Star
Abstract:
Teegarden's Star is the brightest and one of the nearest ultra-cool
dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood. For its late spectral type (M7.0
V), the star shows relatively little activity and is a prime target
for near-infrared radial velocity surveys such as CARMENES.
As part of the CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs, we
obtained more than 200 radial-velocity measurements of Teegarden's
Star and analysed them for planetary signals.
We find periodic variability in the radial velocities of Teegarden's
Star. We studied photometric measurements to rule out stellar
brightness variations mimicking planetary signals.
We find evidence for two planet candidates, each with 1.1M⊕
minimum mass, orbiting at periods of 4.91d and 11.4d, respectively.
No evidence for planetary transits could be found in archival and
follow-up photometry. Small photometric variability is suggestive of
slow rotation and old age. The two planets are among the lowest-mass
planets discovered so far, and they are the first Earth-mass planets
around an ultra-cool dwarf for which the masses have been determined
using radial velocities.
Description:
Time series for radial velocities and activity indicators of Teegarden's
Star from CARMENES VIS and NIR spectrograph are presented. See
Zechmeister et al. (2017A&A...609A..12Z 2017A&A...609A..12Z) for a detailed description of
the parameters.
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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02 53 00.89 +16 52 52.6 Teegarden's Star = Karmn J02530+168
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
rv_vis.dat 87 245 CARMENES_VIS RVs for Teegarden's Star
rv_nir.dat 69 244 CARMENES-NIR RVs for Teegarden's Star
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See also:
J/ApJ/834/85 : Hα emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)
J/A+A/597/A47 : CARMENES input catalog of M dwarfs II (Cortes-Contreras+ 2017)
J/A+A/612/A49 : 324 CARMENES M dwarfs velocities (Reiners+, 2018)
J/A+A/623/A44 : CARMENES M-dwarfs activity indicators (Schoefer+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: rv_vis.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 F13.5 d BJD Barycentric Julian date
17- 22 F6.2 m/s RV Radial velocity
26- 29 F4.2 m/s e_RV Radial velocity error
32- 38 F7.2 m/s CRX Chromatic index
43- 47 F5.2 m/s e_CRX Chromatic index error
51- 56 F6.2 m/s*km/s dLW Differential line width
61- 65 F5.2 m/s*km/s e_dLW Differential line width error
70- 74 F5.3 --- Halpha Halpha index
79- 83 F5.3 --- e_Halpha Halpha index error
87 I1 --- f_RV [0/1] Bitwise flag (1)
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Note (1): Flag 1 marks RVs without drift correction.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: rv_nir.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 F13.5 d BJD Barycentric Julian date
17- 22 F6.2 m/s RV Radial velocity
25- 29 F5.2 m/s e_RV Radial velocity error
32- 38 F7.2 m/s CRX Chromatic index
42- 47 F6.2 m/s e_CRX Chromatic index error
50- 56 F7.2 m/s*km/s dLW Differential line width
60- 65 F6.2 m/s*km/s e_dLW Differential line width error
69 I1 --- f_RV [0/4] Bitwise flag (1)
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Note (1): The flags are bitwise where:
1 = RVs without drift correction
2 = instable instrument (BJD<2457692.0)
4 = clipped outliers
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Acknowledgements:
Mathias Zechmeister, zechmeister(at)astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de
(End) M. Zechmeister [IAG Goettingen, Germany], P. Vannier [CDS] 31-May-2019