J/A+A/645/A100 SPECULOOS. Ultracool dwarf transit survey (Sebastian+, 2021)
SPECULOOS: Ultracool dwarf transit survey. Target list and strategy.
Sebastian D., Gillon M., Ducrot E., Pozuelos F.J., Garcia L.J.,
Guenther M.N., Delrez L., Queloz D., Demory B.O., Triaud A.H.M.J.,
Burgasser A., de Wit J., Burdanov A., Dransfield G., Jehin E., McCormac J.,
Murray C.A., Niraula P., Pedersen P.P., Rackham B.V., Sohy S., Thompson S.,
Van Grootel V.
<Astron. Astrophys. 645, A100 (2021)>
=2021A&A...645A.100S 2021A&A...645A.100S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Stars, dwarfs
Keywords: planetary systems - stars: low-mass - catalogs - astrobiology
Abstract:
One of the most promising avenues for the detailed study of temperate
Earth-sized exoplanets is the detection of such planets in transit in
front of stars that are small and near enough to make it possible to
carry out a thorough atmospheric characterisation with next-generation
telescopes, such as the James Webb Space telescope (JWST) or Extremely
Large Telescope (ELT). In this context, the TRAPPIST-1 planets form a
unique benchmark system that has garnered the interest of a large
scientific community.
The SPECULOOS survey is an exoplanet transit survey targeting a
volume-limited (40pc) sample of ultracool dwarf stars (of spectral
type M7 and later) that is based on a network of robotic 1m telescopes
especially designed for this survey. The strategy for brighter and
earlier targets leverages its synergy with the ongoing TESS
space-based exoplanet transit survey.
We define the SPECULOOS target list as the sum of three
non-overlapping sub-programmes incorporating the latest type objects
(Teff<3000K). Programme1 features 365 dwarfs that are small and near
enough to make it possible to detail atmospheric characterisation of
an 'Earth-like' planet with the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope
(JWST). Programme2 features 171 dwarfs of M5-type and later for which
a significant detection of a planet similar to TRAPPIST-1b should be
within reach of TESS. Programme3 features 1121 dwarfs that are later
than M6-type. These programmes form the basis of our statistical
census of short-period planets around ultracool dwarf stars.
Our compound target list includes 1657 photometrically classified
late-type dwarfs, with 260 of these targets classified, for the first
time, as possible nearby ultracool dwarf stars. Our general
observational strategy was to monitor each target between 100 and
200hr with our telescope network, making efficient use of the synergy
with TESS for our Programme2 targets and a proportion of targets in
our Programme1.
Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we expect to detect up to a few
dozen temperate, rocky planets. We also expect a number of them to
prove amenable for atmospheric characterisation with JWST and other
future giant telescopes, which will substantially improve our
understanding of the planetary population of the latest-type stars.
Description:
Parameters and photometric classification for ultracool dwarfs and
brown dwarfs within a 40pc sample. Selection for the SPECULOOS
Ultracool dwarf transit survey with new identified ultracool dwarfs.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 99 363 New identified ultracool dwarfs
targets.dat 599 1657 SPECULOOS target list
40pclist.dat 181 14168 Parameters and photometric classification for
ultracool dwarfs and brown dwarfs within
a 40pc sample
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See also:
J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)
J/AJ/126/2449 : Nearby ultracool dwarfs in galactic plane (Reid+, 2003)
J/A+A/446/515 : Distances of nearby ultracool dwarfs (Phan-Bao+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/449/3966 : Ultracool white dwarfs (Gianninas+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/382/515 : SDSS ultracool and halo WD candidates (Vidrih+, 2007)
J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)
J/AJ/136/1290 : Ultracool dwarfs from the 2MASS (Reid+, 2008)
J/ApJ/723/684 : NIRSPEC ultracool dwarf radial velocity survey (Blake+ 2010)
J/ApJ/746/23 : Radio observations of ultracool dwarf stars (McLean+, 2012)
J/A+A/549/A131 : Radio survey of ultracool dwarfs (Antonova+, 2013)
J/A+A/641/A170 : Ultracool dwarf K2 light curves (Sestovic+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/19 : 827 ultracool dwarfs with K2 (Sagear+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- SPC SPECULOOS ID (SpHHMM+DDMM_N)
15- 30 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS designation (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
32- 52 A21 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia DR2 source_id
54- 64 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
66- 76 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
78- 84 F7.4 pc Dist Distance
86- 90 F5.2 mag Jmag 2MASS J magnitude
92- 95 F4.1 --- SpType Photometric spectral type
97- 99 F3.1 --- e_SpType Photometric spectral type error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: targets.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- SPC SPECULOOS ID (SpHHMM+DDMM_N)
15- 30 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS designation (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
32- 50 I19 --- GaiaDR2 ?=- Gaia DR2 source_id
54- 84 A31 --- SimbadMain Main identifier for an object
86- 96 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
98-108 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
110-116 F7.4 pc Dist Distance
118-124 F7.4 pc e_Dist Distance error
126-143 F18.15 mag Gmag ?=- Gaia DR2 G magnitude
145-166 F22.20 mag e_Gmag ?=- Gaia DR2 G magnitude error
168-185 F18.15 mag Icmag Cousins I magnitude
187-208 F22.18 mag e_Icmag ?=- Cousins I magnitude error
210-214 F5.2 mag Jmag 2MASS J magnitude
216-237 F22.18 mag e_Jmag ?=- 2MASS J magnitude error
239-256 F18.15 mag Hmag 2MASS H magnitude
258-279 F22.18 mag e_Hmag ?=- 2MASS H magnitude error
281-285 F5.2 mag Ksmag 2MASS Ks magnitude
287-308 F22.18 mag e_Ksmag ?=- 2MASS K magnitude error
310-329 F20.16 mag BP-RP ?=- Gaia DR2 BP-RP colour index
331-334 F4.1 --- SpType Photometric spectral type
336-338 F3.1 --- e_SpType Photometric spectral type error
340-345 F6.1 K Teff Effective temperature
347-351 F5.1 K e_Teff Effective temperature error
353-372 F20.18 Msun Mass Stellar mass
374-397 F24.20 Msun e_Mass ?=- Stellar mass error
399-417 F19.17 Rsun Radius Stellar radius
419-424 F6.2 Rsun e_Radius ?=- Stellar radius error
426-443 F18.16 mag BCJ Bolometric correction in J
445-466 E22.17 mag e_BCJ Bolometric correction error in J
468-487 F20.17 Lsun Lbol Stellar Luminosity
489-510 F22.18 Lsun e_Lbol ?=- Stellar Luminosity error
512-522 A11 --- SpTypeS Spectroscopic Spectral type
524-542 A19 --- r_SpTypeS Reference bibcode for spectroscopic type
547-553 A7 --- SpTypeP Photometric Spectral type
555-573 A19 --- r_SpTypeP Reference bibcode for photometric type
575-577 F3.1 --- KnownBin Object is a known binary
579-581 F3.1 --- Prog The SPECULOOS observing programme
583-586 F4.2 --- SNRJWST Expected atmospheric S/N for JWST
588-593 F6.2 --- SNRTESS Expected detection S/N with TESS
595-599 F5.2 --- SNRSPC Expected detection S/N with SPECULOOS
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: 40pclist.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 --- SPC SPECULOOS ID (SpHHMM+DDMM)
13- 28 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS designation (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
30- 48 I19 --- GaiaDR2 ?=- Gaia DR2 source_id
50- 60 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
62- 72 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
74- 78 F5.2 mag Gmag ?=- Gaia DR2 G magnitude
80- 84 F5.2 mag Imag Cousins I magnitude
86- 90 F5.2 mag Jmag 2MASS J magnitude
92- 96 F5.2 mag Hmag 2MASS H magnitude
98-102 F5.2 mag Ksmag 2MASS Ks magnitude
104-110 F7.4 pc Dist Distance
112-118 F7.4 pc e_Dist Distance error
120-123 F4.2 Msun Mass Stellar mass
125-128 F4.2 Msun e_Mass ?=- Stellar mass error
130-133 F4.2 Rsun Radius Stellar radius
135-140 F6.2 Rsun e_Radius ?=- Stellar radius error
142-147 F6.1 K Teff Effective temperature
149-154 F6.1 K e_Teff Effective temperature error
156-159 F4.1 --- SpType Photometric spectral type
161-163 F3.1 --- e_SpType Photometric spectral type error
165-168 F4.2 --- SNR-JWST Expected atmospheric S/N for JWST
170-175 F6.2 --- SNR-TESS Expected detection S/N with TESS
177-181 F5.2 --- SNR-SPC Expected detection S/N with SPECULOOS
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Acknowledgements:
Daniel Sebastian, dsebastian(at)uliege.be
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 09-Nov-2020