J/A+A/646/A57 VLT/MUSE MACS J0416.1-2403 redshift catalogue (Vanzella+, 2021)
The MUSE Deep Lensed Field on the Hubble Frontier Field MACS J0416.
Star-forming complexes at cosmological distances.
Vanzella E., Caminha G.B., Rosati P., Mercurio A., Castellano M.,
Meneghetti M., Grillo C., Sani E., Bergamini P., Calura F., Caputi K.,
Cristiani S., Cupani G., Fontana A., Gilli R., Grazian A., Gronke M.,
Mignoli M., Nonino M., Pentericci L., Tozzi P., Treu T., Balestra I.,
Dijkstra M.
<Astron. Astrophys. 646, A57 (2021)>
=2021A&A...646A..57V 2021A&A...646A..57V (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxy catalogs ; Redshifts
Keywords: gravitational lensing: strong - Galaxy: formation -
galaxies: high-redshift - galaxies: stars clusters: general
Abstract:
A census of faint and tiny star forming complexes at high redshift is
key to improving our understanding of reionizing sources, galaxy
growth, and the formation of globular clusters.
We present the MUSE Deep Lensed Field (MDLF) program, which is aimed
at unveiling the very faint population of high redshift sources that
are magnified by strong gravitational lensing and to significantly
increase the number of constraints for the lens model.
We describe Deep MUSE observations of 17.1 hours of integration on a
single pointing over the Hubble Frontier Field galaxy cluster
MACS J0416, providing line flux limits down to 2x1019erg/s/cm2
within 300km/s and continuum detection down to magnitude 26,
both at the three sigma level at λ=7000Å. For point sources
with a magnification (µ) greater than 2.5 (7.7), the MLDF depth is
equivalent to integrating more than 100 (1000) hours in blank fields,
as well as complementing non-lensed studies of very faint high-z
sources. The source-plane effective area of the MDLF with µ>6.3 is
<50% of the image-plane field of view.
We confirm spectroscopic redshifts for all 136 multiple images of 48
source galaxies at 0.9<z<6.2. Within those galaxies, we securely
identify 182 multiple images of 66 galaxy components that we use to
constrain our lens model. This makes MACS J0416 the cluster with the
largest number of confirmed constraints for any strong lens model to
date. We identify 116 clumps belonging to background high-z galaxies;
the majority of them are multiple images and span magnitude, size, and
redshift intervals of [-18, -10], [∼400-3] parsec and 1<z<6.6,
respectively, with the faintest or most magnified ones probing
possible single gravitationally bound star clusters. The multiplicity
introduced by gravitational lensing allows us, in several cases, to
triple the effective integration time up to 51 hours exposure per
single family, leading to a detection limit for unresolved emission
lines of a few 10-20erg/s/cm2, after correction for lensing
magnification. Ultraviolet high-ionization metal lines (and
HeIIλ1640) are detected with S/N>10 for individual objects down
to de-lensed magnitudes between 28-30. The median stacked spectrum of
33 sources with a median MUV≃-17 and =3.2 (1.7<z<3.9) shows
high-ionization lines, suggesting that they are common in such faint
sources.
Deep MUSE observations, in combination with existing HST imaging,
allowed us to: (1) confirm redshifts for extremely faint high-z
sources; (2) peer into their internal structure to unveil clumps down
to 100-200pc scale; (3) in some cases, break down such clumps into
star-forming complexes matching the scales of bound star clusters
(<20pc effective radius); (4) double the number of constraints for the
lens model, reaching an unprecedented set of 182 bona-fide multiple
images and confirming up to 213 galaxy cluster members. These results
demonstrate the power of JWST and future adaptive optics facilities
mounted on the Extremely Large Telescopes (e.g., European-ELT
Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY, MAORY, coupled with the
Multi-AO Imaging CamerA for Deep Observations, MICADO) or Very Large
Telescope (e.g., MCAO Assisted Visible Imager and Spectrograph, MAVIS)
when combined in studies with gravitational telescopes.
Description:
Redshift measurements have been computed following the methodology
of Caminha et al. (2017A&A...600A..90C 2017A&A...600A..90C, Cat. J/A+A/600/A90) and cannot
be regarded as systemic redshifts since they depend on the (available)
number and nature of the lines used to measure redshifts, especially
for the high redshift part of the sample (z>2). The catalog will be
updated in the next versions with additional information.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea2.dat 72 423 Redshift catalogue from the VLT/MUSE
spectroscopic study
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See also:
J/A+A/600/A90 : MACS J0416.1-2403 redshift catalogue (Caminha+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 27 A27 --- ID CLASH VLT designation
(CLASHVLTJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
29- 37 F9.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
39- 48 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
50- 56 F7.5 --- z Redshift
58 I1 --- q_z [2/9] Redshift quality flag (1)
60- 72 A13 --- intID Internal ID, MUSE_NNNNNNNN
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Note (1): Quality flag as follows:
2 = likely, VLT-MUSE [∼80% reliability]
3 = secure, VLT-MUSE [100% reliability]
9 = single-line, VLT-MUSE [>90% reliability]
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Acknowledgements:
Acknowledgments: when using these redshifts, please acknowledge the
papers Vanzella et al. 2020 (arXiv:2009.08458), Caminha et al.
(2017A&A...600A..90C 2017A&A...600A..90C), and the ESO/VLT programmes ID 0100.A-0763(A),
094.A-0115B, 094.A-0525(A)
From Eros Vanzella, eros.vanzella(at)inaf.it
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 15-Jan-2021