J/A+A/647/A19          3D Kinematics and age of OCs             (Tarricq+, 2021)

3D kinematics and age distribution of the Open Cluster population. Tarricq Y., Soubiran C., Casamiquela L., Cantat-Gaudin T., Chemin L., Anders F., Antoja T., Romero-Gomez M., Figueras F., Jordi C., Bragaglia A., Balaguer-Nunez L., Carrera R., Castro-Ginard A., Moitinho A., Ramos P., Bossini D. <Astron. Astrophys. 647, A19 (2021)> =2021A&A...647A..19T 2021A&A...647A..19T (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Milky Way ; Clusters, open ; Space velocities ; Radial velocities ; Stars, distances Keywords: open clusters and associations: general - Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics - Galaxy: disc - stars: kinematics and dynamics Abstract: Open Clusters (OCs) can trace with a great accuracy the evolution of the Galactic disk. The aim of this work is to study the kinematical behavior of the OC population over time. We take advantage of the latest age determinations of OCs to investigate the correlations of the 6D phase space coordinates and orbital properties with age. We also investigate the rotation curve of the Milky Way traced by OCs and we compare it to that of other observational or theoretical studies. We gathered nearly 30000 Radial Velocity (RV) measurements of OC members from both Gaia-RVS data and ground based surveys and catalogues. We computed the weighted mean RV, Galactic velocities and orbital parameters of 1382 OCs. We investigated their distributions as a function of age, and by comparison to field stars. We provide the largest RV catalogue available for OCs, half of it based on at least 3 members. Compared to field stars, we note that OCs are not exactly on the same arches in the radial-azimuthal velocity plane, while they seem to follow the same diagonal ridges in the Galactic radial distribution of azimuthal velocities. Velocity ellipsoids in different age bins all show a clear anisotropy. The heating rate of the OC population is similar to that of field stars for the radial and azimuthal components but significantly lower for the vertical component. The rotation curve drawn by our sample of clusters shows several dips, which match the wiggles derived from non-axisymmetric models of the Galaxy. From the computation of orbits, we obtain a clear dependence of the maximum height and eccentricity with age. Finally, the orbital characteristics of the sample of clusters as shown by the action variables, follow the distribution of field stars. The additional age information of the clusters points towards some (weak) age dependence of the known moving groups. Description: In this paper, we compile mean RVs of OCs members and of OCs. Taken advantage of OCs RVs, we derive their galactocentric both cartesian and cylindrical velocities and orbital parameters for 1382 OCs among which 418 OCs are part of a High Quality Sample (HQS). orbits.dat: Mean parameters for 1382 clusters (1379 OCs with galactocentric cartesian and cylindrical velocities and 1315 with orbital parameters). rv-star.dat: Mean RV for the member stars. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file orbits.dat 393 1382 Mean parameters for the clusters (corrected version, 17-Dec-2021) rv-stars.dat 64 23522 Mean parameters for the stars -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: J/A+A/640/A1 : Portrait Galactic disc (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2020) J/A+A/619/A155 : Open cluster kinematics with Gaia DR2 (Soubiran+, 2018) Byte-by-byte Description of file: orbits.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 17 A17 --- Cluster Name of the cluster 19- 25 F7.2 km/s RVmean Mean Radial Velocity 27- 31 F5.2 km/s e_RVmean Standard error on RVmean 33- 35 I3 --- Nsel Number of stars used for RVmean 37- 43 F7.3 deg RAdeg [] Right Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5 (G1) 45- 51 F7.3 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5 (G1) 53- 66 A14 --- Flag Indicates origin of parameters, or the reason for their absence if missing (G1) 68- 72 F5.2 [yr] AgeNN ? Age (logt) of the cluster (G1) 74- 80 F7.1 pc DistPc ? Converted distance modulus (G1) 82- 88 F7.4 kpc Apo ? Apocentre of the cluster orbit 90- 99 F10.4 kpc s_Apo ? Standard deviation on Apocentre 101-107 F7.4 kpc Peri ? Pericentre of the cluster orbit 109-117 F9.4 kpc s_Peri ? Standard deviation on Pericentre 119-124 F6.4 --- Ecc ? Eccentricity of the cluster orbit 126-131 F6.4 --- s_Ecc ? Standard deviation on Eccentricity 133-138 F6.4 kpc Maxheight ? Maximum altitude of the cluster orbit 140-148 F9.4 kpc s_Maxheight ? Standard deviation on Max_height 150-160 F11.4 (km/s)2 Energy ? Energy of the orbit 162-177 F16.4 (km/s)2 s_Energy ? Standard deviation on Energy 179-187 F9.4 km/s vx ? Galactocentric cartesian space velocity in X axis 189-199 F11.4 km/s s_vx ? Standard deviation on vx 201-208 F8.4 km/s vy ? Galactocentric cartesian space velocity in Y axis 210-219 F10.4 km/s s_vy ? Standard deviation on vy 221-228 F8.4 km/s vz ? Galactocentric cartesian space velocity in Z axis 230-239 F10.4 km/s s_vz ? Standard deviation on vz 241-249 F9.4 km/s vr ? Radial velocity in Cylindrical Galactic system 251-258 F8.4 km/s s_vr ? Standard deviation on vr 260-268 F9.4 km/s vphi ? Azimuthal velocity in cylindrical Galactic system 270-280 F11.4 km/s s_vphi ? Standard deviation on vphi 282-288 F7.4 kpc Rgal ? Distance from Galactic centre 290-299 F10.4 kpc s_Rgal ? Standard deviation on Rgal 301-309 F9.4 deg phi ? Azimuth in Galactocentric cylindrical coordinates 311-317 F7.4 deg s_phi ? Standard deviation on phi 319-329 F11.4 pc Xgal ? X position in Galactocentric cartesian coordinates 331-342 F12.4 pc s_Xgal ? Standard deviation on Xgal 344-354 F11.4 pc Ygal ? Y position in Galactocentric cartesian coordinates 356-368 F13.4 pc s_Ygal ? Standard deviation on Ygal 370-379 F10.4 pc Zgal ? Z position in Galactocentric coordinates 381-391 F11.4 pc s_Zgal ? Standard deviation on Zgal 393 I1 --- HQS [0/1] High Quality Sample (2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (2): indicates wether the cluster is part of the HQS (G1) or not (0). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: rv-stars.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 19 I19 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia DR2 source ID 21- 25 F5.3 --- proba Membership probability (G1)) 27- 43 A17 --- Cluster Cluster name 45- 52 F8.3 km/s RVmean Mean Radial Velocity of the star 54- 59 F6.3 km/s e_RVmean Standard error on RVmean 61- 62 I2 --- Nmeas Number of measurements used for RVmean 64 I1 --- used [0/1] Indicates if the RV of the star is used to calculate the RV of its cluster -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Global notes: Note (G1): Column coming from (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2020, Cat. J/A+A/640/A1). Positions, orbits and velocities are reported here in the right-handed coordinate frame. The sign of positions and velocities needs to be flipped to be used in the left-handed coordinate frame. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Yoann Tarricq, yoann.tarricq(at)u-bordeaux.fr Caroline Soubiran, caroline.soubiran(at)u-bordeaux.fr Laia Casamiquela, laia.casamiquela-floriach(at)u-bordeaux.fr History: 01-Mar-2021: on-line version 17-Dec-2021: corrected orbits.dat file (from author)
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 12-Dec-2020
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