J/AJ/127/2915 Triple systems (cool primary + hot binary) (Parsons+, 2004)
New and confirmed triple systems with luminous cool primaries and hot companions
Parsons S.B.
<Astron. J., 127, 2915-2930 (2004)>
=2004AJ....127.2915P 2004AJ....127.2915P
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Ultraviolet ; Stars, supergiant ;
Stars, late-type ; Photometry, UBVRI ; Photometry, infrared ;
Parallaxes, trigonometric
Keywords: binaries: general - stars: fundamental parameters - stars: late-type
supergiants - ultraviolet: stars
Abstract:
In the course of comparing parameters of evolved cool star plus hot
main-sequence star binaries with theoretical isochrones, some
discrepancies are found between implied stellar masses and the
spectroscopic binary mass function or the measured angular separation.
These are naturally explained if there is a third star in the system.
Multiplicity is also required to explain some comparisons of "cool
plus hot binary" IUE and optical spectral energy distribution analysis
with measured flux ratios, especially Tycho's two-color photometry of
separate components. Out of a sample of 136 cool-plus-hot binary star
systems under study, measurements are now indicating several systems
considered double (HD 5373, 23089, 26673, 29094, 49126, 71129, 149379,
179002, 187299), and probably a few others (including HD 136415), to
have at least three stellar components. Several other cases of
suspected triple systems are confirmed. For comparison, there are
eight known triples included in the project. In all, about 25% of the
systems contain three or more components within a few arcseconds.
Estimated separations are provided, which may be of use when not known
from interferometry. In general, the triple systems have one
post-main-sequence component and two upper main-sequence components,
usually revolving around each other. One new triple system, HD 149379,
has as its middle component an F giant in the brief first crossing of
the Hertzsprung gap.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 62 6 Summary of Additional IUE Observations,
extension of table 1 of J/ApJS/119/83
table2.dat 68 8 Ground-based Data for Additional Program Stars,
extension of table 2 of J/ApJS/119/83
table3.dat 69 35 Flux Magnitudes for Multiple and Additional
Cool-plus-Hot Systems
table5.dat 121 185 Isochrone Fitting of Multiple Cool-plus-Hot Systems
notes.dat 80 281 Individual notes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
J/ApJS/119/83 : IUE sample of binaries with hot component (Parsons+, 1998)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
9- 17 A9 --- FarUV Far-UV image number
19- 27 A9 --- MidUV Mid-UV image number
30- 34 A5 --- IUE-GO IUE GO program
37- 44 A8 --- Date Date, YYYY/DDD
47- 62 A16 --- Rem Remarks
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
7 A1 --- n_HD [+] Note on HD (G1)
9- 18 A10 --- Name Other designation
20- 23 F4.2 mag Vmag V magnitude
25- 28 F4.2 mag B-V B-V colour index
29 A1 --- u_B-V Uncertainty flag on B-V
31- 32 A2 --- Phot Other photometry
34- 51 A18 --- SpType MK spectral type
53 I1 --- Ref Reference (1)
55- 61 F7.2 d Per ? Binary period
63- 67 A5 --- Notes Notes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): References are numbered as follows:
1 = Markowitz, 1969, Ph.D. thesis, Ohio State Univ
2 = Ginestet, Carquillat, & Jaschek, 1999A&AS..134..473G 1999A&AS..134..473G
3 = Ginestet et al., 1997, Cat. J/A+AS/123/135
4 = Kuhi, 1963PASP...75..448K 1963PASP...75..448K
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
7 A1 --- n_HD [+] Note on HD (G1)
9- 19 A11 --- Name Other name
21- 24 F4.2 mag U(F) ? Johnson Umag-0.11 magnitude
25 A1 --- u_U(F) Uncertainty flag on U(F)
27- 30 F4.2 mag B(F) Johnson Bmag-0.66 magnitude
31 A1 --- u_B(F) Uncertainty flag on B(F)
33- 36 F4.2 mag Vmag Johnson V magnitude
37 A1 --- u_Vmag Uncertainty flag on Vmag
38 A1 --- n_Vmag [v] v: variable
40- 43 F4.2 mag R(F) ? Johnson Rmag+0.87 magnitude
44 A1 --- u_R(F) Uncertainty flag on R(F)
46- 49 F4.2 mag I(F) ? Johnson Imag+1.69 magnitude
50 A1 --- u_I(F) Uncertainty flag on I(F)
52- 55 F4.2 mag J(F) ? Jmag+2.65 magnitude
56 A1 --- u_J(F) Uncertainty flag on J(F)
58- 62 F5.2 mag K(F) ? Kmag+5.0 magnitude
63 A1 --- u_K(F) Uncertainty flag on K(F)
65- 68 F4.2 mag E(B-V) Reddening
69 A1 --- n_E(B-V) [S] S: use of a Seaton law for best fit
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- HD HD number
8- 15 A8 --- m_HD Component identification (1)
17 I1 --- FNum ? Fit number
18 A1 --- n_FNum [e] e: Comparison number(s) from external
source(s)
21- 27 A7 --- SpType MK Spectral type
29- 33 F5.3 [K] log(Teff) ? Logarithm of the effective temperature
34 A1 --- u_log(Teff) [)] Uncertainty flag on log(Teff)
35- 38 A4 --- n_log(Teff) Note on log(Teff) (2)
40- 44 F5.2 mag DVmag ? Cool-to-hot ratio component visual
fluxes (3)
45 A1 --- u_DVmag Uncertainty flag on DVmag
46 A1 --- --- [-]
47- 49 F3.1 mag DVmag2 ? Upper limit of cool-to-hot ratio
when interval
52- 55 F4.2 [yr] log(t) ? Logarithm of the best-fitting isochrone age
56 A1 --- u_log(t) Uncertainty flag on log(t)
57- 59 A3 --- n_log(t) Note on log(t) (4)
61- 65 F5.2 mag VMAG ? Current isochrone absolute visual magnitude
66 A1 --- u_VMAG [)?] Uncertainty flag on VMAG
68- 72 F5.2 solMass Mass ? Current isochrone mass
73 A1 --- u_Mass Uncertainty flag on Mass
74 A1 --- --- [+/] Separator,
75- 77 F3.1 solMass Mass2 ? Second current isochrone mass
78- 79 A2 --- n_Mass [XN ] Note on Mass (5)
81- 85 F5.2 [arcsec] log(plx) ? Logarithm of the binarity parallax
86- 87 A2 --- u_log(plx) [:) ] Unvertainty flag on log(plx) (6)
89- 93 F5.2 [---] log(sini) ? Logarithm of the sin(i) orbital inclination
94 A1 --- u_log(sini) Uncertainty flag on log(sini)
96 A1 --- n_MajAxis [~] Note on MajAxis (7)
97- 98 A2 --- l_MajAxis [≤ ] Limit flag on MajAxis
99-104 F6.1 mas MajAxis ? Total semimajor axis
105 A1 --- u_MajAxis [:?] Uncertainty flag on MajAxis
106 A1 --- --- [/]
107-108 A2 mag MajAxis2 ? Second value of MajAxis
110 A1 --- l_Per [~] Limit flag on Per
111-119 F9.4 yr Per ? Period
120 A1 ---- u_Per Uncertainty flag on Per
121 A1 --- n_Per Note on Per (8)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Specifies the component, or the pairing when a slash ("/") is used.
The nomenclature system for components uses the scheme of the
Washington Multiplicity Catalog.
Note (2): Note on log(Teff), as follows:
adj = Component masses are adjusted relatively little;
alt = There is a plausible alternative fit to isochrone;
2m = The secondary's mass is multiplied by 2 (for example).
Note (3): Initially for each system the DelV from SED analysis (section 3.1).
It is the magnitude difference between the (first) component on the
line directly beneath its value and the component on the same line.
For multiple systems' data from external sources, though, DelV refers
to the two components that are separated by a slash on the same line
as the value.
Note (4): Sometimes two fits, with and without using a loop, are reported here
with one given as an alternative fit, as follows:
n = Primary component not on a blue loop
y = Primary component falls on a blue loop
(y = Blue loop is slightly extrapolated
((y = Blue loop is significantly extrapolated
tip = Near the maximum red giant expansion
y* = Between the tip and the minimum visual luminosity along the loop
y+ = Placed at an evolutionary phase beyond the maximum temperature
phase of the loop
XX = No isochrone fit is possible
Note (5): Notes on Mass, as follows:
N = See note in notes.dat file.
XX = No isochrone fit is possible.
Note (6): Or the external value from Hipparcos.
In the latter case, a colon denotes a standard deviation in the range
20%-39% of the parallax value; a double colon, σ in the range
40%-59%; and parentheses, σ in the range 60%-79%.
Note (7): the tilde (~) indicates a measured separation for a recent epoch,
not an orbital determination or estimate of the semimajor axis.
Note (8): The period values, though taken from external sources, are not
repeated on the external lines unless needed for clarity. When there
is no spectroscopic period, Per may contain an eclipse light-curve
period followed by "L", an astrometric period followed by ")", or a
value calculated from an external separation value and Kepler's third
law followed by "]".
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 A2 --- --- [HD]
4- 9 I6 --- HD HD number
10 A1 --- --- [-]
11- 12 I2 --- m_HD ? Last digit of the second HD number when pair
14- 80 A67 --- Text Text of the Note (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Abbreviations used:
ifm. = for interferometric (usually speckle) binary star measurements
sep. = for angular separation of the component stars
RV = for radial velocity, with values in kilometers per second if given
Simbad = for various sources from the SIMBAD database not practical
to reference here explicitly
Iso=> = for results from isochrone fitting (Sect. 3.2).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global notes:
Note (G1):
The plus (+) indicates that a composite spectrum is given
in two consecutive numbers in the HD Catalogue
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Parsons, Paper I. 1981ApJ...247..560P 1981ApJ...247..560P
Parsons & Montemayor, Paper II. 1982ApJS...49..175P 1982ApJS...49..175P
Parsons, Paper III. 1983ApJS...53..553P 1983ApJS...53..553P
Parsons & Ake, Paper IV. 1993ApJ...412..814P 1993ApJ...412..814P
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 08-Jul-2004