J/AJ/144/62 Tertiary companions to close spectroscopic binaries (Allen+, 2012)
Low-mass tertiary companions to spectroscopic binaries.
I. Common proper motion survey for wide companions using 2MASS.
Allen P.R., Burgasser A.J., Faherty J.K., Kirkpatrick J.D.
<Astron. J., 144, 62 (2012)>
=2012AJ....144...62A 2012AJ....144...62A
ADC_Keywords: Binaries, spectroscopic ; Stars, dwarfs ; Proper motions ;
Spectral types ; Parallaxes, trigonometric
Keywords: astrometry - binaries: general - brown dwarfs - stars: low-mass
Abstract:
We report the first results of a multi-epoch search for wide
(separations greater than a few tens of AU), low-mass tertiary
companions of a volume-limited sample of 118 known spectroscopic
binaries within 30pc of the Sun, using the Two Micron All Sky Survey
Point Source Catalog and follow-up observations with the KPNO and CTIO
4m telescopes. Note that this sample is not volume complete but
volume limited, and, thus, there is incompleteness in our reported
companion rates. We are sensitive to common proper motion companions
with separations from roughly 200AU to 10000AU (∼10"--≳10').
From 77 sources followed-up to date, we recover 11 previously known
tertiaries, 3 previously known candidate tertiaries, of which 2 are
spectroscopically confirmed and 1 rejected, and 3 new candidates, of
which 2 are confirmed and 1 rejected. This yields an estimated wide
tertiary fraction of 19.5+5.2-3.7%. This observed fraction is
consistent with predictions set out in star formation simulations
where the fraction of wide, low-mass companions to spectroscopic
binaries is >10%.
Description:
The sample was selected from "The Ninth Catalogue of Spectroscopic
Binaries" (Pourbaix et al. 2004; Cat. B/sb9). We ran the full catalog
of 2386 binaries through the Vizier interface of the Hipparcos catalog
(Cat. I/239) to determine the distance and proper motion of each
object (Table 1).
We used the 2MASS Point Source Catalog (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat.
II/246), which was taken between 1997 and 2001, to provide the first
epoch. Second epoch near-infrared imaging was conducted with the KPNO
4m Flamingos and CTIO 4m ISPI instruments. The observations were
carried out during four successful observing runs: 2007 May 3-6
(KPNO), 2007 June 3-6 (CTIO), 2008 January 20-23 (CTIO), and 2008
January 28-30 (KPNO).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 112 118 Spectroscopic binary target list
table2.dat 122 18 Candidate and known common proper motion (CPM)
companions
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See also:
B/sb9 : 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2004-2013)
V/130 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood III (Holmberg+, 2009)
I/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
I/274 : Catalog of Components of Double & Multiple stars (Dommanget+ 2002)
I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)
III/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)
J/A+A/525/A95 : Search for brown-dwarf companions of stars (Sahlmann+, 2011)
J/ApJS/190/100 : NIR proper motion survey using 2MASS (Kirkpatrick+, 2010)
J/AJ/139/2566 : SLoWPoKES catalog (Dhital+, 2010)
J/ApJS/181/62 : Survey of young solar analogs (Metchev+, 2009)
J/AJ/137/1 : PMs and astrometry of late-type dwarfs (Faherty+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/394/857 : UKIDSS-2MASS proper motion survey (Deacon+, 2009)
J/A+A/450/681 : Companions to close spectroscopic binaries (Tokovinin+, 2006)
J/AJ/126/3007 : Spectroscopy of faint red NLTT dwarfs (Reid+, 2003)
J/AJ/121/2189 : Stars within 8pc of the Sun (Oppenheimer+, 2001)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP [171/117712] Hipparcos Number
8- 9 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
11- 12 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
14- 18 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
20 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
24- 25 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
27- 30 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
32- 37 F6.2 mas plx [33/380] Parallax (1)
39- 42 F4.2 mas e_plx [0.4/7.7] Uncertainty in plx
44- 50 F7.2 mas/yr pmRA [-717/1152] Proper motion along RA (1)
52- 55 F4.2 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.3/7] Uncertainty in pmRA
57- 64 F8.2 mas/yr pmDE [-1224/714] Proper motion along DE (1)
66- 69 F4.2 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.3/7] Uncertainty in pmDE
71- 79 F9.3 d Per [0.2/70127] Period of the spectroscopic
binary (2)
81- 85 F5.2 mag Vmag [-1.5/11.5] V band magnitude (2)
87- 94 A8 --- SpT MK spectral type (2)
96-107 A12 "D:M:Y" Date ? UT date of the observation
109-112 A4 --- Tel Telescope used (CTIO=Cerro Tololo or
KPNO=Kitt Peak Obs.)
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Note (1): Derived from the Hipparcos database (Perryman et al. 1997, I/239).
Note (2): From the Ninth Catalog of Spectroscopic Binaries
(Pourbaix et al. 2004, Cat. B/sb9).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP [13081/111802] Hipparcos number
8- 9 I2 h RAh Tertiary hour of right ascension (J2000)
from 2MASS
11- 12 I2 min RAm Tertiary minute of right ascension (J2000)
14- 17 F4.1 s RAs Tertiary second of right ascension (J2000)
19 A1 --- DE- Tertiary sign of declination (J2000)
from 2MASS
20- 21 I2 deg DEd Tertiary degree of declination (J2000)
from 2MASS
23- 24 I2 arcmin DEm Tertiary arcminute of declination (J2000)
26- 27 I2 arcsec DEs Tertiary arcsecond of declination (J2000)
29- 34 F6.1 mas/yr pmRA [-566/444] Proper motion along RA (1)
36- 37 I2 mas/yr e_pmRA [24/48] pmRA uncertainty (1)
39- 44 F6.1 mas/yr pmDE [-632/280] Proper motion along DEC (1)
46- 47 I2 mas/yr e_pmDE [28/44] pmDE uncertainty (1)
49- 52 I4 AU Sep [200/9640]? Separation
54- 59 F6.3 mag JMag [4/15]? Absolute J-magnitude (2)
61- 65 F5.3 mag e_JMag [0.01/0.2]? JMag uncertainty (2)
67- 72 F6.3 mag J-Ks [-0.008/1.8]? 2MASS PSC J-Ks color index
74- 78 F5.3 mag e_J-Ks [0.02/0.3]? J-Ks uncertainty
80- 84 F5.3 mag J-H [0.1/1.2]? 2MASS PSC J-H color index
86- 90 F5.3 mag e_J-H [0.02/0.3]? J-H uncertainty
92- 97 F6.3 mag H-Ks [-0.4/0.6]? 2MASS PSC K-Ks color index
99-103 F5.3 mag e_H-Ks [0.02/0.3]? H-Ks uncertainty
105-108 A4 --- SpT Tertiary MK spectral type (3)
110-114 A5 --- SpTI Primary MK spectral type
116 I1 --- Note [1/5] Note (4)
118 A1 --- r_SpT Reference for SpT (5)
120-122 A3 --- Status Companion status (Yes/No)
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Note (1): Listed proper motion measurements are derived from the data presented
in this paper save for those objects with a "5" in the "Note" column.
Those values were taken from Hipparcos, as those objects were
saturated in our data.
Note (2): Absolute J magnitudes derived from 2MASS photometry and Hipparcos
parallaxes.
Note (3): Companion spectral types were based either on SpeX prism spectroscopy
obtained for this work (objects with "2" or "3" in the Note column) or
were already known in which case the spectral type listed is from the
paper referenced by the lettered superscripts in the r_Note column
(objects with "1" or "5" in the Note column).
Note (4): Note as follows:
1 = Previously known companion, no additional follow-up data required.
2 = Previously known candidate companion, no Spectral Type, SpeX data acquired.
3 = No previous data, SpeX data acquired.
4 = Additional photometry acquired from Vizier database, not a companion.
5 = Previously known bright companion. Saturated in these data, found via
literature search using the SIMBAD database.
Note (5): Reference for the companion spectral type as follows:
e = Reid et al. (1995, Cat. III/198).
f = Tokovinin et al. (2006, Cat. J/A+A/450/681).
g = Makarov et al. (2008ApJ...687..566M 2008ApJ...687..566M).
h = Joy & Sanford (1926ApJ....64..250J 1926ApJ....64..250J).
i = Reid et al. (2003, Cat. J/AJ/126/3007).
j = Close et al. (1990AJ....100.1968C 1990AJ....100.1968C).
k = Wilson et al. (2001AJ....122.1989W 2001AJ....122.1989W).
l = Gizis et al. (2001ApJ...551L.163G 2001ApJ...551L.163G).
m = Dommanget & Nys (2002, Cat. I/274).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Sylvain Guehenneux [CDS] 09-Oct-2013