J/AJ/146/156 APOGEE M-dwarf survey. I. First year velocities (Deshpande+, 2013)
The SDSS-III APOGEE Radial Velocity Survey of M Dwarfs.
I. Description of the survey and science goals.
Deshpande R., Blake C.H., Bender C.F., Mahadevan S., Terrien R.C.,
Carlberg J.K., Zasowski G., Crepp J., Rajpurohit A.S., Reyle C.,
Nidever D.L., Schneider D.P., Prieto C.A., Bizyaev D., Ebelke G.,
Fleming S.W., Frinchaboy P.M., Ge J., Hearty F., Hernandez J.,
Malanushenko E., Malanushenko V., Majewski S.R., Marchwinski R., Muna D.,
Oravetz D., Pan K., Schiavon R.P., Shetrone M., Simmons A., Stassun K.G.,
Wilson J.C., Wisniewski J.P.
<Astron. J., 146, 156 (2013)>
=2013AJ....146..156D 2013AJ....146..156D
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Stars, dwarfs ; Stars, M-type ; Rotational velocities ;
Radial velocities
Keywords: binaries: spectroscopic - instrumentation: spectrographs -
methods: observational - stars: fundamental parameters -
stars: low-mass - techniques: radial velocities
Abstract:
We are carrying out a large ancillary program with the Sloan Digital
Sky Survey, SDSS-III, using the fiber-fed multi-object near-infrared
APOGEE spectrograph, to obtain high-resolution H-band spectra of more
than 1200 M dwarfs. These observations will be used to measure
spectroscopic rotational velocities, radial velocities, physical
stellar parameters, and variability of the target stars. Here, we
describe the target selection for this survey, as well as results from
the first year of scientific observations based on spectra that will
be publicly available in the SDSS-III DR10 data release. As part of
this paper we present radial velocities and rotational velocities of
over 200 M dwarfs, with a vsini precision of ∼2km/s and a measurement
floor at vsini=4km/s. This survey significantly increases the number
of M dwarfs studied for rotational velocities and radial velocity
variability (at ∼100-200m/s), and will inform and advance the target
selection for planned radial velocity and photometric searches for
low-mass exoplanets around M dwarfs, such as the Habitable Zone Planet
Finder, CARMENES, and TESS. Multiple epochs of radial velocity
observations enable us to identify short period binaries, and adaptive
optics imaging of a subset of stars enables the detection of possible
stellar companions at larger separations. The high-resolution APOGEE
spectra, covering the entire H band, provide the opportunity to
measure physical stellar parameters such as effective temperatures and
metallicities for many of these stars. At the culmination of this
survey, we will have obtained multi-epoch spectra and radial
velocities for over 1400 stars spanning the spectral range M0-L0,
providing the largest set of near-infrared M dwarf spectra at high
resolution, and more than doubling the number of known spectroscopic
vsini values for M dwarfs. Furthermore, by modeling telluric lines to
correct for small instrumental radial velocity shifts, we hope to
achieve a relative velocity precision floor of 50m/s for bright M
dwarfs. With three or more epochs, this precision is adequate to
detect substellar companions, including giant planets with short
orbital periods, and flag them for higher-cadence followup. We present
preliminary, and promising, results of this telluric modeling
technique in this paper.
Description:
The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE;
Majewski et al., 2010IAUS..265..480M 2010IAUS..265..480M) is a high-resolution (R∼22500),
NIR (H band), multi-object, fiber-fed, and cryogenically cooled
spectrograph. The instrument is part of SDSS-III (Eisenstein et al,
2011AJ....142...72E 2011AJ....142...72E), attached to the 2.5m SDSS telescope at Apache
Point Observatory. Our M-dwarf survey is an ancillary program to the
main SDSS-III APOGEE survey, which began in 2011 September and will
end in 2014 June.
Targets for the APOGEE M-dwarf survey primarily consist of stars from
the all-sky Lepine and Shara proper motion North catalog (Lepine &
Shara, 2005, cat. I/298) and the all-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs
(Lepine & Gaidos, 2011, cat. J/AJ/142/138).
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 74 253 Targets observed during the first year of the
APOGEE M-dwarf survey
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
I/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
J/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 A2 --- --- [2M]
3- 18 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
20- 25 F6.3 mag Jmag 2MASS J band magnitude
27- 32 F6.3 mag Hmag 2MASS H band magnitude
34- 39 F6.3 mag Kmag 2MASS Ks band magnitude
41- 42 I2 --- Np [1/18] Number of planned visits
44- 45 I2 --- Na [2/24] Actual number of year 1 visits
47- 53 F7.2 km/s RV [-111/129]? Absolute radial velocity
55- 58 F4.2 km/s e_RV ? The 1σ uncertainty in RV
60 A1 --- l_vsini Limit flag on vsini
61- 65 F5.2 km/s vsini [2/55]? Projected rotational velocity
67- 70 F4.2 km/s e_vsini ? The 1σ uncertainty in vsini
72- 74 A3 --- Type Binary type (SB1 or SB2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Sylvain Guehenneux [CDS] 24-Jul-2014