J/AJ/147/86 From binaries to multiples. I. The FG-67 sample (Tokovinin, 2014)
From binaries to multiples. I. Data on F and G dwarfs within 67 pc of the Sun.
Tokovinin A.
<Astron. J., 147, 86 (2014)>
=2014AJ....147...86T 2014AJ....147...86T
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Proper motions ; Stars, F-type ;
Stars, G-type ; Stars, dwarfs ; Stars, masses
Keywords: binaries: general - stars: solar-type - stars: statistics
Abstract:
Data on the multiplicity of F- and G-type dwarf stars within 67pc of
the Sun are presented. This distance-limited sample based on the
Hipparcos catalog contains 4847 primary stars (targets) with
0.5<V-IC<0.8 and is >90% complete. There are 2196 known stellar
pairs; some of them belong to 361 hierarchical systems from triples to
quintuples. Models of companion detection by radial velocity,
astrometric acceleration, direct resolution, and common proper motion
are developed. They serve to compute completeness for each target,
using the information on its coverage collected here. About 80% of
companions to the primary stars are detected, but the census of
subsystems in the secondary components is only about 30%. Masses of
binary components are estimated from their absolute magnitudes or by
other methods; the periods of wide pairs are evaluated from their
projected separations. A third of binaries with periods shorter than
∼100yr are spectroscopic and/or astrometric pairs with yet unknown
periods and mass ratios. These data are used in the accompanying Paper
II to derive unbiased statistics of hierarchical multiple systems.
Description:
Targets for this survey are selected from the Hipparcos-2 catalog (van
Leeuwen 2007, I/311). All data on a given system are linked by
the Hipparcos number of its primary component, HIP. Four tables
contain information on the individual components (COMP, Table4),
binary pairings (SYS, Table5), detection limits (DET, Tables 6 and 7),
and notes (Table8).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 123 5846 COMP: data on individual components
table5.dat 109 3068 SYS: data on binary systems
table6.dat 39 7109 DET1: detection limits in radial velocity
table7.dat 82 4165 DET2: imaging detection limits
table8.dat 88 3351 NOTES
refs.dat 82 79 References
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See also:
B/pastel : The PASTEL catalogue (Soubiran+, 2010-)
B/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-2014)
B/sb9 : 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2004-2014)
V/130 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood III (Holmberg+, 2009)
V/137 : Extended Hipparcos Compilation (XHIP) (Anderson+, 2012)
I/312 : PPMX Catalog of positions and proper motions (Roeser+ 2008)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
I/297 : NOMAD Catalog (Zacharias+ 2005)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)
V/39 : 4th Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binaries (Worley+, 1983)
J/MNRAS/422/14 : Radial velocities of wide doubles (Halbwachs+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/421/2498 : Stellar companions of exoplanet host stars (Ginski+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/102 : Catalog of wide companions to HIP stars (Tokovinin+, 2012)
J/AJ/141/45 : Speckel observations of HIP stars (Horch+, 2011)
J/AJ/144/7 : Near-IR imaging of Hipparcos astrometric binaries
(Tokovinin+, 2012)
J/A+A/509/A52 : Search for companions with VLT/NACO (Chauvin+, 2010)
J/ApJS/181/62 : Survey of young solar analogs (Metchev+, 2009)
J/ApJ/670/1367 : Gemini Deep Planet Survey (Lafreniere+, 2007)
J/A+A/464/377 : HIP binaries with radial velocities (Frankowski+, 2007)
J/A+A/450/681 : Companions to close spectroscopic binaries
(Tokovinin+, 2006)
J/AJ/129/2420 : Proper motion derivatives of binaries (Makarov+, 2005)
J/AJ/124/1144 : Orbits of 171 single-lined spectroscopic binaries
(Latham, 2002)
J/A+A/382/118 : Spectroscopic sub-systems in multiple stars
(Tokovinin+, 2002)
J/A+AS/124/75 : Multiple star catalogue (MSC) (Tokovinin 1997-1999)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP0 Hipparcos number of primary target
8- 13 I6 --- HIP ?=0 Hipparcos number of component
(identical to HIP0 for the primary)
15- 20 I6 --- HD ?=0 HD number of the component
22- 23 A2 --- Comp Component designation (A, Ab, B, C, D, E, F, G)
25- 30 F6.1 arcsec Sep Separation from primary target ρ
32- 36 F5.1 deg PA [0/360] Position angle θ
38- 47 F10.6 deg RAdeg ICRS right ascension (J2000) (1)
49- 58 F10.6 deg DEdeg ICRS declination (J2000) (1)
60- 66 F7.1 mas/yr pmRA ?=0 Proper motion in RA (2)
68- 74 F7.1 mas/yr pmDE ?=0 Proper motion in Declination (2)
76- 80 F5.1 mas plx Parallax (2)
82- 85 F4.1 mas/yr e_pmRA ?=0 Error in pmRA
87- 90 F4.1 mas/yr e_pmDE ?=0 Error in pmDE
92- 95 F4.1 mas e_plx ?=0 Error in plx
97-101 F5.2 mag Vmag ?=0 V-band magnitude (3)
103-107 F5.2 mag Imag ?=0 Cousins I band magnitude (3)
109-113 F5.2 mag Jmag ?=0 J band magnitude (3)
115-119 F5.2 mag Kmag ?=0 Ks band magnitude (3)
121-123 I3 --- N* Density of the stellar background (4)
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Note (1): Taken from van Leeuwen 2007 (I/311) in most cases. If only the
relative position of the secondary component is known from WDS (B/wds),
its coordinates are calculated with reference to the primary. Coordinates
of some secondary components are taken from 2MASS (II/246).
Note (2): Taken from van Leeuwen 2007 (I/311) for the main targets and for
the secondaries with separate HIP entries. For other secondary components,
the parallax equals that of the main target by definition; the proper
motion is zero, if not measured independently. Sources of proper motion
for the secondary components are WDS (B/wds), PPMX (Roeser et al. 2008,
I/312), NOMAD (Zacharias et al. 2005, I/297), or SUPERBLINK (Tokovinin &
Lepine 2012, J/AJ/144/102).
Note (3): Taken mostly from van Leeuwen 2007 (I/311) and 2MASS (II/246).
Other sources (e.g., WDS and NOMAD) are invoked to complement the
photometry of secondary components, whenever possible. Photometric
information helps to identify physical companions by their position
on the color-magnitude diagram.
Note (4): Number of point sources in the 2MASS catalog (II/246) within 150''
of each primary target.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP0 Hipparcos number of primary target
8- 17 A10 --- Comp Components (primary, secondary, parent) (1)
19- 24 A6 --- Type Type of the system (discovery technique) (2)
26- 33 F8.3 --- Sep Separation ρ
35 A1 --- x_Sep ["'m] Units of Sep ("=arcsec, '=arcmin, m=mas)
37- 41 F5.1 deg PA [0/360] Position angle
43- 47 F5.2 mag Vmag1 V-magnitude of primary component
49- 53 F5.2 mag Vmag2 ?=0 V-magnitude of secondary component
55- 62 F8.3 --- Per Orbital Period
64 A1 --- x_Per Units of Per (d=day, yr=year, kyr=kiloyear)
66- 69 F4.2 Msun M1 Mass of primary component
71 A1 --- n_M1 [vkqrs-] Mass estimation method for primary (3)
73- 76 F4.2 Msun M2 Mass of secondary component
78 A1 --- n_M2 [vkqrmse-] Mass estimation for secondary (3)
80-109 A30 --- Com Additional comment(s)
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Note (1): This attribute describes the hierarchy by a comma-separated list of
three components (primary, secondary, parent). For example, the visual
binary HIP 518 has components A,B,* (asterisk in place of the parent
denotes the root of the hierarchy, i.e., the outermost pair). The
spectroscopic subsystem in the secondary component is Ba,Bb,B. This
designation is explained in Tokovinin et al. 2006 (J/A+A/450/681) and
is now used in the Multiple Star Catalog (Tokovinin 1997, J/A+AS/124/75).
An "X" preceding the components indicates an optical pair (spurious
binary); such non-physical pairs are are kept for completeness.
Note (2): Types of system are defined as below:
S1 = Single-lined spectroscopic binary;
S2 = Double-lined spectroscopic binary;
s = Spectroscopic binary with variable radial velocity detected by Nordstrom
et al. 2004 (V/117; superseded by V/130), but with no orbit known;
s2 = Spectroscopic binary with double lines were seen in several spectra;
E = Eclipsing binary;
a = astrometric binary (acceleration detected)
A = astrometric binary with orbital solution derived in the original
Hipparcos catalog (I/239) or later (e.g., Goldin & Makarov,
2006ApJS..166..341G 2006ApJS..166..341G);
v = Visual binary;
V = Visual binary with orbit available in the 6th catalog of orbits of visual
binaries (VB6; Hartkopf & Mason, http://ad.usno.navy.mil/wds/orb6.html);
X = Optical (non-physical) binary
C = Real (physical) wide binary (completed with h, m, p, r qualifiers)
h = binary with constant relative position (criteria of physical relation)
m = common proper motion (criteria of physical relation)
p = matching photometric distance (criteria of physical relation)
r = matching radial velocity (criteria of physical relation)
Note (3): Mass codes are defined as follows:
e = For double-lined binaries with known period and unknown radial velocity
amplitudes, the mass ratio of 0.8 is assumed, and the secondary mass is
estimated;
k = Estimated mass based on the infrared magnitude of the binary component;
m = The mass of the secondary component is derived as a minimum mass for
orbital inclination of 90° inferred from the mass function and the mass
of the primary component;
q = Mass of the secondary component derived from the known mass ratio in the
case of a double-lined spectroscopic binary;
r = Component's mass taken from the literature;
s = The mass sum of the subsystem is assigned to its parent (see Section 3.9
for more details);
v = Estimated mass based on the absolute V magnitude of the binary component.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP0 Hipparcos number of the primary target
8- 10 A3 --- Comp Component identifier
12- 15 A4 d dT Time span of radial velocity observations
17- 19 I3 --- No Number of radial velocity observations
21- 26 F6.3 km/s sigma Radial velocity precision σRV
28- 39 A12 --- Ref Bibliographic reference; in refs.dat file
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP0 Hipparcos number of the primary target
8- 9 A2 --- Comp Component identifier (A, Ab, B, BC, C, D, E, F, G)
11- 16 F6.1 nm lambda [197/3800]?=0 Wavelength λ
18- 23 F6.3 arcsec Sep1 Separation 1 ρ1; minimum
25- 30 F6.3 arcsec Sep2 Separation 2 ρ2
32- 37 F6.3 arcsec Sep3 Separation 3 ρ3
39- 45 F7.3 arcsec Sep4 Separation 4 ρ4; maximum
47- 51 F5.2 mag dm1 Limiting magnitude difference at Sep1
53- 57 F5.2 mag dm2 Limiting magnitude difference at Sep2
59- 63 F5.2 mag dm3 Limiting magnitude difference at Sep3
65- 69 F5.2 mag dm4 Limiting magnitude difference at Sep4
71- 82 A12 --- Ref Bibliographic reference; in refs.dat file
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP0 Hipparcos number of the primary target
8- 88 A81 --- Text Text of the note
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Ref Reference identifier
14- 32 A19 --- BibCode Bibliographic code
34- 54 A21 --- Aut Author's name
56- 82 A27 --- Com Comments
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Tokovinin, Paper II, 2014AJ....147...87T 2014AJ....147...87T, cat. J/AJ/147/87
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Sylvain Guehenneux [CDS] 11-Sep-2014