J/AJ/150/10 WOCS. LXVI. Radial velocity survey in M35 (Leiner+, 2015)
WIYN open cluster study.
LXVI. Spectroscopic binary orbits in the young open cluster M35 (NGC 2168).
Leiner E.M., Mathieu R.D., Gosnell N.M., Geller A.M.
<Astron. J., 150, 10 (2015)>
=2015AJ....150...10L 2015AJ....150...10L
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Binaries, spectroscopic ; Radial velocities ;
Cross identifications
Keywords: binaries: spectroscopic -
open clusters and associations: individual (M35 (NGC 2168))
Abstract:
The young (150Myr) open cluster M35 (NGC 2168) has been one of the
core clusters of the WIYN Open Cluster Study since 1997. Over these
17years we have obtained approximately 8000 radial-velocity (RV)
measurements of stars in the M35 field, which we provide here. Our
target sample consists of 1355 photometrically selected stars in the
field of M35 within the main sequence and binary sequence of the
cluster and within 13≤V≤16.5 and (B-V)≥0.6. Using our RV
measurements we cleanly separate likely cluster members from field
stars. We calculate RV membership probabilities for over 1200 stars in
our sample. 418 are probable cluster members, of which 64 are
velocity-variable (binary) systems. Here we present 52 orbital
solutions for binary members of M35. This sample defines the hard
binary population of M35 that dynamically powers the cluster. We also
present XMM-Newton X-ray detections within the cluster. We use our
large binary sample to search for interacting binaries among the X-ray
sources, investigate M35's period-eccentricity distribution, and
determine binary frequency. We find a circularization period of
9.9±1.2days and a binary frequency of 24%±3% for main-sequence
binaries with P<104days. Determining these properties in a young
cluster like M35 is key to defining the initial conditions used in
models of cluster dynamical evolution.
Description:
In this second paper (see also Geller et al. 2010, cat. J/AJ/139/1383)
in a series studying the dynamical state of the young (150Myr) open
cluster M35 we present an updated version of our complete radial
velocity database for the cluster. Our sample is selected to cover the
range of the M35 main sequence from 0.8 to 1.6M☉ out to 30' from
cluster center. In the 17 years that we have observed M35, we have
gathered ∼8000 moderate-precision (σi=0.5km/s) spectra of
∼1300 stars. We find 418 of these to be confirmed radial velocity
cluster members or likely members. Within our sample of 418 cluster
members or likely members, we detect 64 velocity-variable stars. We
present orbital solutions for 52 (see Tables 5 and 7) of these 64
systems, in addition to 28 (see Tables 6 and 8) completed orbital
solutions for non-member binaries in our field of view.
The binaries are drawn from a sample initially derived from the
photometry of T. von Hippel taken at KPNO on the Burrell Schmidt
telescope. Observations were taken on 1993 November 18-19, and include
B and V photometry down to a magnitude of V=17 lying within a 70'*70'
field of view. Subsequently, we updated this photometry for 74% of our
sources with more precise BV photometry from C. P. Deliyannis (2006,
private communication; Sarrazine et al., 2000AAS...197.4107S 2000AAS...197.4107S). This
new photometry was taken on the WIYN 0.9m telescope with the S2KB
imager and covers a 40'*40' field of view. See Geller et al. 2010
(cat. J/AJ/139/1383) for more information on these two sets of
photometry.
Beginning in 1997 September, we have obtained spectra for the stars in
our sample at the WIYN 3.5m telescope at KPNO using the Hydra
Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS). For a detailed description of our
observing and data reduction procedure see Geller et al. 2008 (cat.
J/AJ/135/2264). In short, we typically use Hydra's blue sensitive
fibers and an echelle grating providing a resolution of R∼20000. These
spectra are centered on 512.5nm, and span a ∼25nm wavelength range,
covering several prominent absorption lines including the MgB triplet.
We present here all radial velocity measurements of the 1355 stars in
our sample to date (see Table4), totaling ∼8000 radial velocities (see
Table3).
M35 was observed in the X-ray by the XMM-Newton orbiting observatory
for 8.6ks (02:37:10-05:00:50 UT) on 2008 September 20. The telescope
boresight location was 6h8m54s, +24°20'00'' (J2000). The XMM
field of view with r=15' does not extend as far from cluster center as
the WOCS radial velocity survey (r=30', α=06h09m07.5s,
δ=+24°20'28''). We cross-correlate the position of each
X-ray source with the WOCS catalog to find potential optical
counterparts to the X-ray sources (see Table9).
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 70 8955 Radial-velocity data table
table4.dat 125 1355 Radial-velocity summary table
table5.dat 145 43 Orbital parameters for M35 single-lined binaries
table6.dat 145 19 Orbital parameters for field single-lined binaries
table7.dat 181 9 Orbital parameters for M35 double-lined binaries
table8.dat 181 9 Orbital parameters for field double-lined binaries
table9.dat 85 13 X-ray sources with cluster member optical
counterparts
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
J/MNRAS/447/3536 : M35 and NGC2158 fields variable stars (Nardiello+, 2015)
J/A+A/575/A120 : DANCe study of M35 (NGC 2168) (Bouy+, 2015)
J/AJ/148/85 : WOCS. LXII. Photometry of M35 (Thompson+, 2014)
J/AJ/148/38 : WOCS. LX. RVs of NGC 6819 (Milliman+, 2014)
J/AJ/139/1383 : Radial velocities in M35 (NGC 2168) (Geller+, 2010)
J/ApJ/695/679 : Stellar rotation in M35 (Meibom+, 2009)
J/AJ/138/159 : NGC 6819 stellar RV and photometry (Hole+, 2009)
J/AJ/137/3743 : Spectroscopic binary orbits in NGC 188 (Geller+, 2009)
J/A+A/493/339 : XMM-Newton serendipitous Survey. V. (Watson+, 2009)
J/AJ/135/2264 : Stellar radial velocities in NGC 188 (Geller+, 2008)
J/AJ/133/394 : Low-mass binary companions in M35 (McNamara+, 2007)
J/ApJ/546/1006 : VRI photometry of M35 (Barrado y Navascues+, 2001)
J/MNRAS/306/361 : UBVI CCD photometry of M35 (NGC 2168) (Sung+ 1999)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- WOCS [1001/281044] WIYN Open Cluster Study number (G1)
8- 16 F9.3 d HJD Heliocentric Julian Date (HJD-2400000)
18- 26 F9.4 km/s RV1 [-383/301] Primary radial velocity (radial velocity
of the cross correlation function peak) (1)
28- 32 F5.2 --- CH1 [0.4/2.2] Primary cross-correlation peak height (1)
35- 40 F6.2 km/s O-C1 [-12.28/7.04]? Primary residual (O-C) value (2)
42- 50 F9.4 km/s RV2 ? Secondary radial velocity (3)
53- 57 F5.2 --- CH2 [0.25/0.97]? Secondary cross-correlation peak
height (3)
59- 64 F6.2 km/s O-C2 [-4.1/4.97]? Secondary residual (O-C) value (3)
66- 70 F5.3 --- Phase [0/1]? Orbital phase
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): For all measurements.
Note (2): In the case that the star is a binary with an orbital solution. The
residual (O-C)1 is derived as the observed minus expected radial velocity
based on the solution, as well as the orbital phase of the observation.
Note (3): In the case that the star is a double-lined binary (SB2).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- WOCS [2004/259044] WIYN Open Cluster Study number (G1)
8- 13 I6 --- IDG [2004/261044]? Identification number from paper
XXXVIII (Geller et al. 2010, cat. J/AJ/139/1383)
15- 17 I3 --- IDM [14/439]? Identification number from paper XXXIV
(Meibom et al. 2009, cat. J/ApJ/695/679) (1)
19- 21 I3 --- IDMc [4/521]? Identification number from McNamara &
Sekiguchi (1986AJ.....91..557M 1986AJ.....91..557M)
23- 25 I3 --- IDC [3/763]? Identification number from Cudworth
(1971AJ.....76..475C 1971AJ.....76..475C)
27 I1 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
29- 30 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
32- 36 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
38 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
39- 40 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
42- 43 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
45- 48 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
50- 54 F5.2 mag Vmag [11.43/16.5] The V-band apparent magnitude
56- 59 F4.2 mag B-V [0.2/1.36] The (B-V) color index
61- 62 I2 --- r_B-V [1/2]?=-1 Source of the photometry (2)
64- 65 I2 --- NW [0/53] Number of WIYN 3.5m observations
67- 73 F7.2 km/s [-129/301] Mean radial velocity
75- 80 F6.2 km/s e_ [0/370]?=0 Standard deviation of RV observation
82- 84 F3.1 km/s s_ [0.5/2.1] Single-measurement precision in RV
(σi)
86- 90 F5.1 km/s vsini [0/144] Mean projected rotational velocity (3)
92- 96 F5.1 km/s e_vsini [0/124]? Standard error on vsini (3)
98- 99 I2 % PRV [0/96]? Radial velocity membership
probability (4)
101-102 I2 % PPM1 [0/99]? Proper-motion membership probability
from McNamara & Sekiguchi (1986AJ.....91..557M 1986AJ.....91..557M)
104-105 I2 % PPM2 [0/97]? Proper-motion membership probability
from Cudworth (1971AJ.....76..475C 1971AJ.....76..475C)
107-112 F6.2 --- e/i [0/740] Ratio of RV standard deviation to
single-measurement RV precision
114-116 A3 --- Mm Membership class (BLM, BLN, BM, BN, SM, SN,
or U) (G2)
118-120 A3 --- SB Single (SB1) or double-lined (SB2) binary (5)
122-123 A2 --- RR "RR" Indicates a Rapid Rotator
125 A1 --- X "X" Indicates an X-ray source
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The version of this table included in Geller et al. 2010
(cat. J/AJ/139/1383) in some cases lists the incorrect IDM, which has
been corrected here.
Note (2): Photometry source defined as:
1 = Original Burrell Schmidt photometry;
2 = Updated photometry from C.P. Deliyannis.
Note (3): We are not able to accurately measure projected rotation velocities
of 10km/s or less due to our spectral resolution. Thus, any star with a
vsini of 10km/s or slower is denoted as having a vsini of 10km/s with
0km/s error.
Note (4): Calculated with Equation (2):
PRV(ν) = Fc(ν)/[Ff(ν)+Fc(ν)], where:
Fc = the value of the Gaussian fit to the cluster velocity distribution;
Ff = the fit to the field velocity distribution.
Note (5): Type of binary star defined as:
SB1 = Single-lined Spectroscopic Binary. SB1 is velocity-variable star with
only one distinguishable Cross Correlation Function (CCF) peak in our
correlation spectra;
SB2 = Double-lined Spectroscopic Binary. SB2 is velocity-variable star with
two distinguishable CCF peaks in our correlation spectra.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[56].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- WOCS [4003/97044] WIYN Open Cluster Study number (G1)
8- 19 F12.7 d Per [2.24717/6100] Orbital period
21- 31 F11.7 d e_Per [2e-06/110] Error in Per
33- 38 F6.1 --- Ncyc [1/2111.2] Number of orbital cycles encompassed
by our measurements
40- 45 F6.2 km/s RV [-26.38/52.6] Center-of-mass velocity (γ)
47- 50 F4.2 km/s e_RV [0.07/1.4] Error in RV
52- 57 F6.2 km/s K [-18/50] Orbital amplitude
59- 63 F5.2 km/s e_K [0.1/21] Error in K
65- 70 F6.3 --- e [-0.003/0.94] Eccentricity
72- 76 F5.3 --- e_e [0.003/0.15] Error in eccentricity
78- 82 F5.1 deg omega [0/360] Longitude of periastron (ω)
84- 87 F4.1 deg e_omega [0.5/40] Error in omega
89- 97 F9.3 d T0 [51257/56392] Heliocentric Julian Date of
periastron passage (HJD-2400000)
99-104 F6.3 d e_T0 [0.024/30] Error in T0
106-112 F7.3 10+6km asini [-92/312] Projected semi-major axis (a sin i)
114-120 F7.3 10+6km e_asini [0.006/300] Error in asini
122-130 E9.6 Msun f(m) Mass function (M2*sini)3/(M1+M2)2
132-137 E6.3 Msun e_f(m) Error in f(m)
139-142 F4.2 km/s sigma [0.32/3.29] The rms residual velocity from the
orbital solution (σ)
144-145 I2 --- N [10/52] Number of radial velocity measurements
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[78].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- WOCS [9033/127048] WIYN Open Cluster Study number (G1)
8- 16 F9.6 d Per [2.22916/75.038] Orbital period
18- 25 F8.6 d e_Per Error in Per
27- 32 F6.1 --- Ncyc [18.1/1243] Number of orbital cycles encompassed
by our measurements
34- 39 F6.2 km/s RV [-52.53/44.6] Center-of-mass velocity (γ)
41- 44 F4.2 km/s e_RV [0.12/0.7] Error in RV
46- 50 F5.2 km/s K1 [22/87] Orbital amplitude of the primary
52- 55 F4.2 km/s e_K1 [0.2/2] Error in K1
57- 62 F6.2 km/s K2 [0.1/103] Orbital amplitude of the secondary
64- 67 F4.2 km/s e_K2 [0.2/1.6] Error in K2
69- 73 F5.3 --- e [0/0.55] Eccentricity
75- 79 F5.3 --- e_e [0.003/0.02] Error in eccentricity
81- 85 F5.1 deg omega [0/360] Longitude of periastron (ω)
87- 89 F3.1 deg e_omega [1.2] Error in omega
91- 98 F8.2 d T0 [51812/55773] Heliocentric Julian Date of
periastron (HJD-2400000)
100-103 F4.2 d e_T0 [0.06/0.3] Error in T0
105-110 F6.3 Gm asini1 [2.235/24.4] Projected primary semi-major axis
(a sin i)
112-116 F5.3 Gm e_asini1 [0.007/0.5] Error in asini1
118-123 F6.3 Gm asini2 [3.06/24.5]? Projected secondary semi-major
axis (a sin i)
125-129 F5.3 Gm e_asini2 [0.024/0.5]? Error in asini2
131-135 F5.3 Msun msini1 [0.098/1.5]? Projected primary mass (m sin3 i)
137-141 F5.3 Msun e_msini1 [0.003/0.06]? Error in msini1
143-147 F5.3 Msun msini2 [0.085/1.34]? Projected secondary mass
(m sin3 i)
149-153 F5.3 Msun e_msini2 [0.003/0.07]? Error in msini2
155-159 F5.3 --- q [0.653/0.998]? Mass ratio
161-165 F5.3 --- e_q [0.007/0.03]? Error in q
167-170 F4.2 km/s sig1 [0.70/4.47] The rms residual velocity for the
primary from the orbital solution (σ)
172-175 F4.2 km/s sig2 [0.42/2.98] The rms residual velocity for the
secondary from the orbital solution (σ)
177-178 I2 --- N1 [12/42] Number of radial velocity measurements
for the primary
180-181 I2 --- N2 [9/38] Number of radial velocity measurements for
the secondary
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- --- [XMMUJ]
7- 21 A15 --- XMM XMM identifier (HHMMSS.s+DDMMSS, J2000)
23- 28 I6 --- WOCS [6021/46015] WIYN Open Cluster Study number
of the optical counterpart (G1)
30- 34 F5.2 mag Vmag [11.4/16.3] The optical V-band magnitude
36- 39 F4.2 mag B-V [0.2/1.06] The optical (B-V) color index
41- 44 F4.2 arcsec Dist [0.6/3.5] Distance (counterpart separation)
46- 49 F4.2 arcsec e_Dist [1.8/3.4] Error in Dist
51- 53 F3.1 --- alpha [2/3.4] Best fit power law spectral index
55- 57 F3.1 --- E_alpha [0.3/0.7] Positive error in alpha
59- 61 F3.1 --- e_alpha [0.3/0.7] Negative error in alpha
63- 65 F3.1 10+23W LX [2/6.1] Unabsorbed X-ray luminosity (1)
67- 69 F3.1 10+23W e_LX [0.3/2] Error in LX
71- 72 A2 --- l_vsini [≤] Upper limit flag on vsini (2)
74- 77 F4.1 km/s vsini [10/56.1] Rotational velocity of the optical
counterpart
79- 81 F3.1 km/s e_vsini [0.5/4.5]? Error in vsini
83- 85 A3 --- Mm Optical counterpart membership classification
(BLM, BM, BU, or SM) (G2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Model-determined unabsorbed luminosity between 0.2 and 10.0keV, o,
1030erg/s. The X-ray luminosity is calculated using a cluster distance
of 912pc (Kalirai et al., 2003AJ....126.1402K 2003AJ....126.1402K).
Note (2): Upper-limit vsini measurement based on spectral resolution.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Notes:
Note (G1): This number is based on V magnitude and radial distance from the
cluster center. Full details can be found in Hole et al. 2009
(cat. J/AJ/138/159). As a result of photometry updates current WOCS
identifier and the WOCS identifier from Geller et al. 2010
(cat. J/AJ/139/1383) are different for some stars.
Note (G2): According to the scheme outlined in Section 2.3.2 and defined as
follows:
BM = Binary Member. Velocity-variable star (e/i≥4) for which we have orbital
solution. BM have PRV≥50% using the γ-RV to determine membership
probability;
BN = Binary Non-member. Velocity-variable star (e/i≥4) for which we have
orbital solution. BN have PRV<50% using the γ-RV to determine
membership probability;
BLM = Binary Likely Member. Velocity-variable star (e/i≥4) for which we do not
have orbital solution. BLM have PRV≥50% based on their average RV.
Because we do not yet have completed solution, this classification is
more uncertain than BM and subject to change;
BLN = Binary Likely Non-member. Velocity-variable star (e/i≥4) for which we do
not have orbital solution. BLN have PRV<50% based on their average RV
and the range of RV measurement for the star do not include the cluster
mean. Because we do not yet have completed solution, this classification
is more uncertain than BN and subject to change;
BU = Binary with Unknown membership. Velocity-variable star (e/i≥4) for which
we do not have orbital solution. BU have PRV<50% but the range of RV
measurement for the star do include the cluster mean;
SM = Single Member star. Velocity-non-variable star (e/i<4) with PRV≥50%
(using Equation (1): σi=0.38+0.012(vsini)km/s);
SN = Single Non-member. Velocity-non-variable star (e/i<4) with PRV<50%
(using Equation (1));
U = Unknown membership status. Stars that have <3 RV measurements, along with
stars such as rapid rotators for which we are unable to derive accurate
RVs from our spectra.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
von Hippel et al., Pap I 1998AJ....116.1789V 1998AJ....116.1789V
Sarajedini, et al., Pap II 1999AJ....118.2894S 1999AJ....118.2894S
Sarajedini, Pap III 1999AJ....118.2321S 1999AJ....118.2321S
Sarajedini et al., Pap IV 1999AJ....118.2894S 1999AJ....118.2894S
Barrado et al., Pap V 2001ApJ...549..452B 2001ApJ...549..452B
Sills & Deliyannis, Pap VI 2000ApJ...544..944S 2000ApJ...544..944S
Platais et al., Pap VII 2001AJ....122.1486P 2001AJ....122.1486P, Cat. J/AJ/122/1486
Platais et al., Pap VIII 2002AJ....124..601P 2002AJ....124..601P, Cat. J/AJ/124/601
Stassun et al., Pap IX 2002A&A...382..899S 2002A&A...382..899S, Cat. J/A+A/382/899
Grocholski & Sarajedini, Pap X 2002AJ....123.1603G 2002AJ....123.1603G
von Hippel et al., Pap XI 2002AJ....124.1555V 2002AJ....124.1555V
Deliyannis et al., Pap XII 2002ApJ...577L..39D 2002ApJ...577L..39D
Barnes Pap XIII 2003ApJ...586..464B 2003ApJ...586..464B
Barnes Pap XIV 2003ApJ...586L.145B 2003ApJ...586L.145B
Kafka & Honeycutt, Pap XV 2003AJ....126..276K 2003AJ....126..276K
Grocholski & Sarajedini, Pap XVI 2003MNRAS.345.1015G 2003MNRAS.345.1015G
Platais et al., Pap XVII 2003AJ....126.2922P 2003AJ....126.2922P, Cat. J/AJ/126/2922
Mathieu et al., Pap XVIII 2004ApJ...602L.121M 2004ApJ...602L.121M
Sarajedini, et al., Pap XIX 2004AJ....127..991S 2004AJ....127..991S
Kafka et al., Pap XX 2004AJ....127.1622K 2004AJ....127.1622K
Steinhauer & Deliyannis, Pap XXI 2004ApJ...614L..65S 2004ApJ...614L..65S
Meibom & Mathieu, Pap XXII 2005ApJ...620..970M 2005ApJ...620..970M
von Hippel et al., Pap XXIII 2006ApJ...645.1436V 2006ApJ...645.1436V
Hole et al. Pap XXIV 2009AJ....138..159H 2009AJ....138..159H, Cat. J/AJ/138/159
James et al., Pap XXV
Platais et al., Pap XXVI 2007A&A...461..509P 2007A&A...461..509P, Cat. J/A+A/461/509
Kafka et al., Pap XXVII
Giampapa et al., Pap XXVIII 2006ApJ...651..444G 2006ApJ...651..444G
Meibom et al., Pap XXIX 2006ApJ...653..621M 2006ApJ...653..621M
Jeffery et al., Pap XXX 2007ApJ...658..391J 2007ApJ...658..391J
Meibom et al., Pap XXXI 2007ApJ...665L.155M 2007ApJ...665L.155M
Geller et al., Pap XXXII 2008AJ....135.2264G 2008AJ....135.2264G, Cat. J/AJ/135/2264
Yadav et al., Pap XXXIII 2008A&A...484..609Y 2008A&A...484..609Y, Cat. J/A+A/484/609
Meibom et al., Pap XXXIV 2009ApJ...695..679M 2009ApJ...695..679M, Cat. J/ApJ/695/679
Platais et al., Pap XXXV 2008MNRAS.391.1482P 2008MNRAS.391.1482P, Cat. J/MNRAS/391/1482
Geller et al., Pap XXXVI 2009AJ....137.3743G 2009AJ....137.3743G, Cat. J/AJ/137/3743
Meibom et al., Pap XXXVII 2009AJ....137.5086M 2009AJ....137.5086M, Cat. J/AJ/137/5086
Geller et al., Pap XXXVIII 2010AJ....139.1383G 2010AJ....139.1383G, Cat. J/AJ/139/1383
Anthony-Twarog et al., Pap XXXIX 2010AJ....139.2034A 2010AJ....139.2034A, Cat. J/AJ/139/2034
Sarajedini et al., Pap XL 2009ApJ...698.1872S 2009ApJ...698.1872S
Chumak et al., Pap XLI 2010MNRAS.402.1841C 2010MNRAS.402.1841C
Casetti-Dinescu et al., Pap XLII 2010AJ....139.1889C 2010AJ....139.1889C
James et al., Pap XLIII 2010A&A...515A.100J 2010A&A...515A.100J, Cat. J/A+A/515/A100
Platais et al., Pap XLIV 2011MNRAS.413.1024P 2011MNRAS.413.1024P, Cat. J/MNRAS/413/1024
Meibom et al., Pap XLV 2011ApJ...733..115M 2011ApJ...733..115M, Cat. J/ApJ/733/115
Platais et al., Pap XLVI 2011ApJ...733L...1P 2011ApJ...733L...1P
Gosnell et al., Pap XLVII 2012ApJ...745...57G 2012ApJ...745...57G
Geller & Mathieu , Pap XLVIII 2012AJ....144...54G 2012AJ....144...54G
Platais et al., Pap XLIX 2012ApJ...751L...8P 2012ApJ...751L...8P
Cummings et al., Pap L 2012AJ....144..137C 2012AJ....144..137C
Geller et al., Pap LI 2013AJ....145....8G 2013AJ....145....8G
Yang et al., Pap LII 2013ApJ...762....3Y 2013ApJ...762....3Y
Sandquist et al., Pap LIII 2013ApJ...762...58S 2013ApJ...762...58S
Anthony-Twarog, Pap LIV 2013ApJ...767L..19A 2013ApJ...767L..19A
Platais et al., Pap LV 2013AJ....146...43P 2013AJ....146...43P, Cat. J/AJ/146/43
Pap LVI
Maderak et al., Pap LVII 2013AJ....146..143M 2013AJ....146..143M
Pap LVIII
Tofflemire et al., Pap LIX 2014AJ....148...61T 2014AJ....148...61T, Cat. J/AJ/148/61
Milliman et al., Pap LX 2014AJ....148...38M 2014AJ....148...38M, Cat. J/AJ/148/38
Anthony-Twarog et al., Pap LXI 2014AJ....148...51A 2014AJ....148...51A, Cat. J/AJ/148/51
Thompson et al., Pap LXII 2014AJ....148...85T 2014AJ....148...85T, Cat. J/AJ/148/85
Maderak et al., Pap LXIII 2015AJ....149..141M 2015AJ....149..141M
Pap LXIV
Lee-Brown et al., Pap LXV 2015AJ....149..121L 2015AJ....149..121L, Cat. J/AJ/149/121
Geller et al., Pap LXVII 2015AJ....150...97G 2015AJ....150...97G, cat. J/AJ/150/97
Pap LXVIII
Pap LXIX
Pap LXX
Milliman et al., Pap LXXI 2016AJ....151..152M 2016AJ....151..152M, cat. J/AJ/151/152
Anthony-Twarog et al., Pap LXXII 2016AJ....152..192A 2016AJ....152..192A, cat. J/AJ/152/192
Pap LXXIII
Pap LXXIV
Cummings et al., Pap LXXV 2017AJ....153..128C 2017AJ....153..128C
Anthony-Twarog et al., Pap LXXVI 2018AJ....155..138A 2018AJ....155..138A
(End) Prepared by [AAS]; Sylvain Guehenneux [CDS] 22-Sep-2015