J/AJ/150/123 Catalog of 316 K giant candidates (Rebull+, 2015)
On infrared excesses associated with Li-rich K giants.
Rebull L.M., Carlberg J.K., Gibbs J.C., Deeb J.E., Larsen E., Black D.V.,
Altepeter S., Bucksbee E., Cashen S., Clarke M., Datta A., Hodgson E.,
Lince M.
<Astron. J., 150, 123 (2015)>
=2015AJ....150..123R 2015AJ....150..123R (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, K-type ; Stars, giant ; Abundances ; Photometry
Keywords: infrared: stars - stars: evolution - stars: late-type
Abstract:
Infrared (IR) excesses around K-type red giants (RGs) have previously
been discovered using Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS) data, and
past studies have suggested a link between RGs with overabundant Li
and IR excesses, implying the ejection of circumstellar shells or
disks. We revisit the question of IR excesses around RGs using higher
spatial resolution IR data, primarily from the Wide-field Infrared
Survey Explorer. Our goal was to elucidate the link between three
unusual RG properties: fast rotation, enriched Li, and IR excess. Our
sample of RGs includes those with previous IR detections, a sample
with well-defined rotation and Li abundance measurements with no
previous IR measurements, and a large sample of RGs asserted to be
Li-rich in the literature; we have 316 targets thought to be K giants,
about 40% of which we take to be Li-rich. In 24 cases with previous
detections of IR excess at low spatial resolution, we believe that
source confusion is playing a role, in that either (a) the source that
is bright in the optical is not responsible for the IR flux, or (b)
there is more than one source responsible for the IR flux as measured
in IRAS. We looked for IR excesses in the remaining sources,
identifying 28 that have significant IR excesses by ∼20µm (with
possible excesses for 2 additional sources). There appears to be an
intriguing correlation in that the largest IR excesses are all in
Li-rich K giants, though very few Li-rich K giants have IR excesses
(large or small). These largest IR excesses also tend to be found in
the fastest rotators. There is no correlation of IR excess with the
carbon isotopic ratio, 12C/13C. IR excesses by 20µm, though
relatively rare, are at least twice as common among our sample of
Li-rich K giants. If dust shell production is a common by-product of
Li enrichment mechanisms, these observations suggest that the IR
excess stage is very short-lived, which is supported by theoretical
calculations. Conversely, the Li-enrichment mechanism may only
occasionally produce dust, and an additional parameter (e.g.,
rotation) may control whether or not a shell is ejected.
Description:
There are 82 targets published in de la Reza et al.
(1997ApJ...482L..77D 1997ApJ...482L..77D). There are 86 K giants reported in Carlberg et
al. 2012 (cat. J/ApJ/757/109). We compiled 149 additional targets that
have been identified either consistently or at one time as confirmed
or possible Li-rich K giants, but not included in either the de la
Reza et al. (1997ApJ...482L..77D 1997ApJ...482L..77D) or the Carlberg et al. 2012 (cat.
J/ApJ/757/109) samples. They include targets from Adamow et al. 2014
(cat. J/A+A/569/A55), Anthony-Twarog et al. (2013ApJ...767L..19A 2013ApJ...767L..19A),
Carney et al. (1998AJ....116.2984C 1998AJ....116.2984C), Carlberg et al.
(2015ApJ...802....7C 2015ApJ...802....7C), Castilho et al. 2000 (cat. J/A+A/364/674),
Drake et al. (2002AJ....123.2703D 2002AJ....123.2703D), Fekel & Watson
(1998AJ....116.2466F 1998AJ....116.2466F), Hill & Pasquini (1999A&A...348L..21H 1999A&A...348L..21H),
Jasniewicz et al. (1999A&A...342..831J 1999A&A...342..831J), Kirby et al.
(2012ApJ...752L..16K 2012ApJ...752L..16K), Kraft et al. (1999ApJ...518L..53K 1999ApJ...518L..53K), Kumar et
al. (2011ApJ...730L..12K 2011ApJ...730L..12K) and references therein, Liu et al.
(2014ApJ...785...94L 2014ApJ...785...94L), Luck & Heiter 2007 (cat. J/AJ/133/2464),
Martell & Shetrone (2013MNRAS.430..611M 2013MNRAS.430..611M), Monaco et al.
(2014A&A...564L...6M 2014A&A...564L...6M), Pilachowski et al. (2003AJ....125..794P 2003AJ....125..794P),
Ruchti et al. (2011ApJ...743..107R 2011ApJ...743..107R), Silva Aguirre et al.
(2014ApJ...784L..16A 2014ApJ...784L..16A), Smith et al. (1999ApJ...516L..73S 1999ApJ...516L..73S), and Torres
et al. (2000IAUS..198..320T 2000IAUS..198..320T).
Our complete list of 316 targets with position, photometric, and
abundance data appears in Table1. We obtained positions for these
targets, most of which are quite bright in the optical, primarily from
SIMBAD, though literature was consulted for fainter sources as
required. Detailed notes on the sources we suspect are subject to
source confusion appear in Table4. Table6 contains notes on the entire
set of sources.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 1033 316 Catalog
table4.dat 1005 24 Objects that are dropped from the main sample
table6.dat 656 317 Special notes on targets
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
B/denis : The DENIS database (DENIS Consortium, 2005)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
V/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)
II/298 : AKARI/FIS All-Sky Survey Point Source Catalogues (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)
II/297 : AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)
II/281 : 2MASS 6X Point Source Working Database / Catalog (Cutri+ 2006)
V/114 : MSX6C Infrared Point Source Catalog (Egan+ 2003)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/156 : IRAS Faint Source Catalog, |b|>10, Version 2.0 (Moshir+ 1989)
II/125 : IRAS catalogue of Point Sources, Version 2.0 (IPAC 1986)
J/A+A/569/A55 : Abundances and vsini for 348 red giants (Adamow+, 2014)
J/ApJ/757/109 : Velocities + Li abundance in K giants (Carlberg+, 2012)
J/AJ/133/2464 : Parameters and abundances of nearby giants (Luck+, 2007)
J/A+A/364/674 : Li-rich giants atomic lines (Castilho+, 2001)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 20 A20 --- Name Name of source
22- 38 A17 --- OName Other source name
40- 49 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
51- 60 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
62- 66 A5 --- dlR97 Flag "dlR97" to indicate source is part of the
sample from de la Reza et al.
(1997ApJ...482L..77D 1997ApJ...482L..77D)
68- 70 A3 --- C12 Flag "C12" to indicate star is part of the
sample from Carlberg et al. 2012
(cat. J/ApJ/757/109)
72- 75 A4 --- Li1 Flag "lit" to indicate star is selected from
literature as a Li-rich giant (1)
77- 79 A3 --- Li2 A "yes" means source is identified in the
literature as a Li-rich giant (yes or no)
81- 83 A3 --- Li3 A "yes" means source is selected here as a
Li-rich giant (yes or no)
85- 90 F6.2 --- ALi1 [-1.7/4]? Lithium abundance under assumption
of Non-Local Thermodynamic-Equilibrium
(NLTE) (2)
92 A1 --- l_ALi2 [<] Upper limit flag on ALi2
94- 100 F7.2 --- ALi2 [-2/4.6]? Lithium abundance under assumption
of LTE (2)
102 A1 --- l_12C/13C [<>] Limit flag on 12C/13C
104- 108 F5.1 --- 12C/13C [1/40.3]? The 12C/13C ratio (2)
110- 113 F4.1 km/s vsini [0/42]? Projected rotational velocity (2)
115- 118 I4 K Teff [3300/7032]? Effective temperature (2)
120- 123 F4.1 [cm/s2] logg [-0.5/4.3]? Log surface gravity (2)
125- 129 F5.2 mag Umag [2.4/10.1]? Vega-based magnitude in U band
131- 135 F5.2 mag e_Umag [0.22]? Error in Umag (3)
137- 141 F5.2 mag Bmag [1/21]? Vega-based magnitude in B band
143- 147 F5.2 mag e_Bmag [0.15]? Error in Bmag (3)
149- 153 F5.2 mag Vmag [-0.05/18]? Vega-based magnitude in V band
155- 159 F5.2 mag e_Vmag [0.15]? Error in Vmag (3)
161- 165 F5.2 mag Rmag [-1.1/20]? Vega-based magnitude in R band
167- 171 F5.2 mag e_Rmag [0.15]? Error in Rmag (3)
173- 177 F5.2 mag umag [8.2/24.7]? AB SDSS magnitude in u band
179- 183 F5.2 mag e_umag [0.01/1.25]? Error in umag
185- 189 F5.2 mag gmag [7.1/22.2]? AB SDSS magnitude in g band
191- 195 F5.2 mag e_gmag [0.01/1.1]? Error in gmag
197- 201 F5.2 mag rmag [5.7/24.8]? AB SDSS magnitude in r band
203- 207 F5.2 mag e_rmag [0.01/1.8]? Error in rmag
209- 213 F5.2 mag imag [5.7/21]? AB SDSS magnitude in i band
215- 219 F5.2 mag e_imag [0.01/1.1]? Error in imag
221- 225 F5.2 mag zmag [6.2/22.9]? AB SDSS magnitude in z band
227- 231 F5.2 mag e_zmag [0.01/1.4]? Error in zmag
233- 237 A5 --- --- [2MASX]
238- 253 A16 --- 2MASS Name from 2MASS (cat. II/246) or 2MASX
(cat. II/281) catalog
(HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
255 A1 --- l_Jmag [>] Lower limit flag for Jmag
257- 261 F5.2 mag Jmag [-2.3/18.4]? 2MASS J band Vega-based magnitude
263- 267 F5.2 mag e_Jmag [0/0.45]? Error in Jmag
269 A1 --- q_Jmag [ABCDU] 2MASS data quality flag for Jmag
(A, B, C, D, or U) (4)
271 A1 --- l_Hmag [>] Lower limit flag for Hmag
273- 277 F5.2 mag Hmag [-2.3/16.5]? 2MASS H band Vega-based magnitude
279- 283 F5.2 mag e_Hmag [0.01/0.5]? Error in Hmag
285 A1 --- q_Hmag [ABCDU] 2MASS data quality flag for Hmag
(A, B, C, D, or U) (4)
287 A1 --- l_Kmag [>] Lower limit flag for Kmag
289- 293 F5.2 mag Kmag [-3/16]? 2MASS Ks band Vega-based magnitude
295- 299 F5.2 mag e_Kmag [0/0.5]? Error in Kmag
301 A1 --- q_Kmag [ABCDEU] 2MASS data quality flag for Kmag
(A, B, C, D, E, or U) (4)
303- 318 A16 --- DENIS Name from Deep Near Infrared Survey of the
Southern Sky (DENIS) catalog (cat. B/denis;
JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
320- 324 F5.2 mag ImagD [7.7/18]? Vega-based DENIS magnitude in I band
326- 330 F5.2 mag e_ImagD [0.02/0.5]? Error in ImagD
332- 336 F5.2 mag JmagD [3.7/16.6]? J band Vega-based DENIS magnitude
338- 342 F5.2 mag e_JmagD [0.04/0.5]? Error in JmagD
344- 348 F5.2 mag KmagD [2.8/13.4]? K band Vega-based DENIS magnitude
350- 354 F5.2 mag e_KmagD [0.06/0.5]? Error in KmagD
356- 361 A6 --- --- [WISEAR]
362- 380 A19 --- WISE Name from WISE (AllWISE) catalog
(cat. II/328) or reject catalog
(JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
382 A1 --- l_W1mag [<>] Limit flag for W1mag
384- 388 F5.2 mag W1mag [-1.7/17.7]? Vega-based magnitude in WISE W1
(3.4µm)
390- 394 F5.2 mag e_W1mag [0.01/0.6]? Error in W1mag
396 A1 --- q_W1mag [ABC] Data quality flag for W1mag
(A, B, or C) (4)
398 A1 --- l_W2mag [<>] Limit flag for W2mag
400- 404 F5.2 mag W2mag [-2.4/17.3]? Vega-based magnitude in WISE W2
(4.6µm)
406- 410 F5.2 mag e_W2mag [0.02/0.6]? Error in W2mag
412 A1 --- q_W2mag [ABC] Data quality flag for W2mag
(A, B, or C) (4)
414 A1 --- l_W3mag [<>] Limit flag for W3mag
416- 420 F5.2 mag W3mag [-2.9/12.9]? Vega-based magnitude in WISE W3
(12µm)
422- 426 F5.2 mag e_W3mag [0.01/0.5]? Error in W3mag
428 A1 --- q_W3mag [ABC] Data quality flag in W3mag
(A, B, or C) (4)
430 A1 --- l_W4mag [>] Lower limit flag for W4mag
432- 436 F5.2 mag W4mag [-3/10]? Vega-based magnitude in WISE W4
(22µm)
438- 442 F5.2 mag e_W4mag [0/0.6]? Error in W4mag
444 A1 --- q_W4mag [ABC] Data quality flag in W4mag
(A, B, or C) (4)
446- 451 A6 --- --- [SSTSL2]
453- 471 A19 --- SEIP Name from source list of Spitzer Enhanced
Imaging Products (SEIP; JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
473- 477 F5.2 mag [3.6] [3.3/18.2]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAC-1
(3.6µm)
479- 483 F5.2 mag e_[3.6] [0.04/0.06]? Error in [3.6]
485- 489 F5.2 mag [4.5] [3.6/18.2]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAC-2
(4.5µm)
491- 495 F5.2 mag e_[4.5] [0.04/0.08]? Error in [4.5]
497- 501 F5.2 mag [5.8] [3.3/17.4]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAC-3
(5.8µm)
503- 507 F5.2 mag e_[5.8] [0.04/0.2]? Error in [5.8]
509- 513 F5.2 mag [8.0] [5.8/16.1]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAC-4
(8µm)
515- 519 F5.2 mag e_[8.0] [0.04/0.4]? Error in [8.0]
521- 525 F5.2 mag [24] [0.85/7.5]? Vega-based magnitude in MIPS-1
(24µm)
527- 531 F5.2 mag e_[24] [0.04/0.05]? Error in [24]
533- 536 A4 --- --- [IRAS]
538- 547 A10 --- PSC Name from IRAS Point Source Catalog
(PSC, cat. II/125)
549- 553 F5.2 mag [12] [-3.7/5.5]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-1
12µm from PSC (5)
555- 564 F10.2 mJy S12p [193.9/793100]? Flux density in IRAS-1 12µm
from PSC (6)
566 A1 --- q_S12p [123] Data quality flag for S12p
(1, 2, or 3) (7)
568- 572 F5.2 mag [25] [-5.6/4]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-2
25µm from PSC (5)
574- 583 F10.2 mJy S25p [171.4/1.075e+06]? Flux density in IRAS-2
25µm from PSC (6)
585 A1 --- q_S25p [123] Data quality flag for S25p
(1, 2, or 3) (7)
587- 591 F5.2 mag [60] [-9.3/1.4]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-3
60µm from PSC (5)
593- 602 F10.2 mJy S60p [345.9/6.234e+06]? Flux density in IRAS-3
60µm from PSC (6)
604 A1 --- q_S60p [123] Data quality flag for S60p
(1, 2, or 3) (7)
606- 611 F6.2 mag [100] [-11/-0.9]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-4
100µm from PSC (5)
613- 622 F10.2 mJy S100p [1000/8.651e+06]? Flux density in IRAS-4
100µm from PSC (6)
624 A1 --- q_S100p [123] Data quality flag for S100p
(1, 2, or 3) (7)
626- 629 A4 --- --- [IRAS]
631- 641 A11 --- FSC Name from IRAS Faint Source Catalog
(FSC, cat. II/156)
643- 647 F5.2 mag 12mag [-1.7/6.2]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-1
12µm from FSC (5)
649- 658 F10.2 mJy S12f [96.03/126400]? Flux density in IRAS-1 12µm
from FSC (6)
660 A1 --- q_S12f [23] Data quality flag for S12f (2 or 3) (7)
662- 666 F5.2 mag 25mag [-2.1/5]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-2
25µm from FSC (5)
668- 677 F10.2 mJy S25f [67.6/44790]? Flux density in IRAS-2 25µm
from FSC (6)
679 A1 --- q_S25f [123] Data quality flag for S25f
(1, 2, or 3) (7)
681- 685 F5.2 mag 60mag [-4.4/2.9]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-3
60µm from FSC (5)
687- 696 F10.2 mJy S60f [85/64280]? Flux density in IRAS-3 60µm
from FSC (6)
698 A1 --- q_S60f [123] Data quality flag for S60f
(1, 2, or 3) (7)
700- 704 F5.2 mag 100mag [-6.1/0.4]? Vega-based magnitude in IRAS-4
100µm from FSC (5)
706- 715 F10.2 mJy S100f [297/111600]? Flux density in IRAS-4 100µm
from FSC (6)
717 A1 --- q_S100f [12] Data quality flag for S100f (1 or 2) (7)
719- 730 A12 --- --- [AKARI-IRC-V1]
732- 745 A14 --- IRC Name from AKARI/IRC catalog, v1
(cat. II/297; HHMMSSs+DDMMSS, J2000)
747- 756 F10.2 mJy S09 [62/168400]? Flux density in 9µm from
AKARI/IRC (6)
758- 767 F10.2 mJy e_S09 [0.09/3170]? Error in S09 (6)
769- 778 F10.2 mJy S18 [103/1.105e+06]? Flux density in 18µm from
AKARI IRC (6)
780- 789 F10.2 mJy e_S18 [2/15400]? Error in S18 (6)
791- 802 A12 --- --- [AKARI-FIS-V1]
804- 817 A14 --- FIS Name from AKARI/FIS catalog, v1
(cat. II/298; HHMMSSs+DDMMSS, J2000)
819- 828 F10.2 mJy S65 [331/102700]? Flux density in 65µm from
AKARI/FIS (6)
830- 839 F10.2 mJy e_S65 [90/8670]? Error in S65 (6)
841- 850 F10.2 mJy S90 [399/72980]? Flux density in 90µm from
AKARI/FIS (6)
852- 861 F10.2 mJy e_S90 [34.5/9540]? Error in S90 (6)
863- 872 F10.2 mJy S140 [180.5/37520]? Flux density in 140µm from
AKARI/FIS (6)
874- 883 F10.2 mJy e_S140 [30/9350]? Error in S140 (6)
885- 894 F10.2 mJy S160 [129/45330]? Flux density in 160µm from
AKARI/FIS (6)
896- 905 F10.2 mJy e_S160 [79/5580]? Error in S160 (6)
907- 923 A17 --- MSX Name from MSX catalog (cat. V/114)
925- 932 F8.2 mJy A [86/35395]? Flux density in MSX Band A
(7.76µm) (6)
934- 935 I2 10-3 e_A [41/77]? Error in A (8)
936- 940 F5.2 --- --- [00.00]?
942- 949 F8.2 mJy B1 [5731/72455]? Flux density in MSX Band B1
(4.29µm) (6)
951- 953 I3 10-3 e_B1 [89/471]? Error in B1 (8)
954- 958 F5.2 --- --- [00.00]?
960- 967 F8.2 mJy B2 [2280/60681]? Flux density in MSX Band B2
(4.35µm) (6)
969- 971 I3 10-3 e_B2 [94/415]? Error in B2 (8)
972- 976 F5.2 --- --- [00.00]?
978- 986 F9.2 mJy C [300/101040]? Flux density in MSX Band C
(11.99µm) (6)
988- 990 I3 10-3 e_C [50/426]? Error in C (8)
991- 995 F5.2 --- --- [00.00]?
997-1005 F9.2 mJy D [483/181100]? Flux density in MSX Band D
(14.55µm) (6)
1007-1009 I3 10-3 e_D [61/272]? Error in D (8)
1010-1014 F5.2 --- --- [00.00]?
1016-1024 F9.2 mJy E [456/622340]? Flux density in MSX Band E
(20.68µm) (6)
1026-1028 I3 10-3 e_E [60/303]? Error in E (8)
1029-1033 F5.2 --- --- [00.00]?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): But not Carlberg et al. 2012 (cat. J/ApJ/757/109) or de la Reza et al.
(1997ApJ...482L..77D 1997ApJ...482L..77D).
Note (2): From the literature.
Note (3): Taken to be 20% unless specified.
Note (4): From A (best) to D (worst).
Note (5): Errors taken to be 0.22mag.
Note (6): These flux densities were in units of Jy in the paper.
Corrected at CDS in units of mJy from first author.
Note (7): 3=best, 1=limit.
Note (8): In units of % in the original catalog.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 14 A14 --- Name Name of source
16- 29 A14 --- OName Other source name
31 A1 --- Conf Flag "x" indicates source confusion (1)
33- 34 A2 --- f_Conf Flag "m?" indicates that there may be
multiple sources represented in the SED (2)
36 A1 --- SED Flag "x" indicates steep SED (3)
38-1005 A968 --- Note Notes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): This column is populated if the object is likely subject to source
confusion of either of the sorts described in the text.
Note (2): e.g., the object shown in the SED at 2µm may not be the same object
as that shown at 22µm.
Note (3): This column is populated if the object's SED rises steadily from 2 to
at least 20µm, as described in the text.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 20 A20 --- Name Name of source
22- 42 A21 --- OName Other source name
44- 48 A5 --- dlR97 Flag "dlR97" to indicate source is part of the
sample from de la Reza et al.
(1997ApJ...482L..77D 1997ApJ...482L..77D)
50- 52 A3 --- C12 Flag "C12" to indicate star is part of the
sample from Carlberg et al. 2012
(cat. J/ApJ/757/109)
54-166 A113 --- Lit Other literature
168-206 A39 --- Status Status
208-256 A49 --- Sp Spectroscopic notes (A(Li), log g, Teff?)
258-656 A399 --- Note Notes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS]; Sylvain Guehenneux [CDS] 02-Nov-2015