J/AJ/153/14 Solar neighborhood XXXVIII. Nearby M dwarf systems (Winters+, 2017)
The solar neighborhood XXXVIII. Results from the CTIO/SMARTS 0.9M: trigonometric
parallaxes for 151 nearby M dwarf systems.
Winters J.G., Sevrinsky R.A., Jao W.-C., Henry T.J., Riedel A.R.,
Subasavage J.P., Lurie J.C., Ianna P.A., Finch C.T.
<Astron. J., 153, 14-14 (2017)>
=2017AJ....153...14W 2017AJ....153...14W (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, M-type ; Stars, dwarfs ; Stars, distances ; Stars, nearby ;
Parallaxes, trigonometric ; Photometry, VRI ; Proper motions
Keywords: parallaxes - solar neighborhood - stars: distances - stars: low-mass -
stars: statistics
Abstract:
We present 160 new trigonometric parallaxes for 151 M dwarf systems
from the REsearch Consortium On Nearby Stars (RECONS) group's
long-term astrometry/photometry program at the CTIO/SMARTS 0.9m
telescope. Most systems (124 or 82%) are found to lie within 25pc. The
stars have 119mas/yr≤µ≤828mas/yr and 3.85≤(V-K)≤8.47.
Among these are 58 systems from the SuperCOSMOS-RECONS search,
discovered via our proper motion trawls of the SuperCOSMOS digitized
archival photographic plates, while the remaining stars were suspected
via photometric distance estimates to lie nearby. Sixteen systems were
newly discovered via astrometric perturbations to be binaries, many of
which are ideal for accurate mass determinations due to their
proximity and orbital periods on the order of a decade. A variability
analysis of the stars presented, two-thirds of which are new results,
shows six of the stars to vary by more than 20mmag. This effort brings
the total number of parallaxes for M dwarf systems measured by RECONS
to nearly 500 and increases by 26% the number of southern M dwarf
systems with accurate trigonometric parallaxes placing them within
25pc.
Description:
Stars reported here were targeted during the astrometry program
because they were likely to be red dwarfs within 25pc with no previous
published πtrig. Of the 151 systems, 93 are from previous
compendia of proper motion stars, primarily based on work by Luyten
(Luyten 1979nlcs.book.....L 1979nlcs.book.....L, 1980nltt.bookQ....L 1980nltt.bookQ....L), and 58 are from our
SuperCOSMOS-RECONS (SCR) search (Hambly et al. 2004AJ....128..437H 2004AJ....128..437H;
Henry et al. 2004AJ....128.2460H 2004AJ....128.2460H). The systems have
µ=118-828mas/yr, with 143 having µ>180mas/yr, the canonical
cutoff for Luyten's Two-Tenths (LTT) Catalog.
For all but two objects (only one epoch of photometry was available
for WT 1637 and LHS 2024 at the time of the paper), at least two
epochs of absolute VJRKCIKC photometry on the
Johnson-Kron-Cousins system were measured for each parallax field. Two
V filters that are photometrically indistinguishable to 7
millimagnitudes (mmag) (Jao et al. 2011AJ....141..117J 2011AJ....141..117J), one R filter,
and one I filter were used for series of observations spanning
2-16years, depending on the star (the central wavelengths for the two
VJ filters, the RKC filter, and the IKC filter are 5438Å,
5475Å, 6425Å, and 8075Å, respectively). The 2048*2046
Tektronix CCD camera on the CTIO/SMARTS 0.9m with a pixel (px) scale
of 0.401''/px was used for both astrometric and photometric
observations. In order to mitigate the effects of image distortion at
the edges of the CCD, only the central quarter of the chip was used,
resulting in a 6.8*6.8 square field of view.
Photometry in the near-infrared JHKs filters has been extracted from
the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS; Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)
and is rounded to the nearest hundredth magnitude in Table1.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 99 160 Photometric data
table2.dat 145 160 Astrometry data
table4.dat 75 32 Information for confirmed multiples
table5.dat 53 12 Candidate multiples and young stars
notes.dat 605 29 Notes
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See also:
II/312 : GALEX-DR5 (GR5) sources from AIS and MIS (Bianchi+ 2011)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
IX/29 : ROSAT All-Sky Survey Faint Source Catalog (Voges+ 2000)
IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)
J/AJ/152/141 : Solar neighborhood. XXXVII. RVs for M dwarfs (Benedict+, 2016)
J/AJ/151/160 : 1103 parallaxes and proper motions from URAT (Finch+, 2016)
J/AJ/150/6 : Solar neighborhood. XXXVI. VRI var. of M dwarfs (Hosey+, 2015)
J/AJ/149/5 : Solar neighborhood. XXXV. M dwarfs distances (Winters+, 2015)
J/AJ/147/94 : Solar neighborhood. XXXII. L and M dwarfs (Dieterich+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/85 : Solar neighborhood. XXXIII. 45 M dwarfs (Riedel+, 2014)
J/ApJ/784/156 : Parallaxes for nearby mid-to-late M dwarfs (Dittmann+, 2014)
J/A+A/549/A109 : HARPS XXXI. The M-dwarf sample (Bonfils+, 2013)
J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)
J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)
J/AJ/141/21 : CCD distance estimates of SCR targets (Winters+, 2011)
J/AJ/139/205 : 2007-2008 WIYN speckle observations of binaries (Horch+, 2010)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of the M dwarf (1)
14- 16 A3 --- m_Name Components of multiple system (noted with
capital letters A and B after the name) (G1)
18- 19 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
21- 22 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
24- 27 F4.1 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
29 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
30- 31 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
33- 34 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
36- 37 I2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
39- 43 F5.2 mag Vmag [9.8/20] Johnson V-band magnitude (2)
44 A1 --- f_Vmag [Jd] Flag on Vmag (J or d) (3)
46- 50 F5.2 mag Rmag [8.9/19.2] Kron-Cousins R-band magnitude (2)
51 A1 --- f_Rmag [J] Flag 'J' on Rmag (3)
53- 57 F5.2 mag Imag [7.93/18.26] Kron-Cousins I-band magnitude (2)
58 A1 --- f_Imag [J] Flag 'J' on Imag (3)
60 I1 --- Nobs [1/5]? Number of observations (1-5)
61 A1 --- --- [/]
62 I1 --- Ref [1/3] Reference (1-3) (4)
63 A1 --- f_Ref [u] Flag 'u' on Ref for previously reported,
but updated, photometry (5)
65- 69 F5.2 mag Jmag [6.84/12.02]? 2MASS J band magnitude
70 A1 --- f_Jmag [Jc] Flag on Jmag (J or c) (3)
72- 76 F5.2 mag Hmag [6.21/11.45]? 2MASS H band magnitude
77- 79 A3 --- f_Hmag Flag on Hmag (J and/or c) (3)
81- 85 F5.2 mag Ksmag [5.96/11.24]? 2MASS Ks band magnitude
86 A1 --- f_Ksmag [Jc] Flag on Ksmag (J or c) (3)
88- 91 F4.1 pc Dist [6.4/67.9]? Photometric distance estimate
(dCCD) (6)
92- 94 A3 --- f_Dist Flag on Dist (a and/or b) (7)
96- 99 F4.1 pc e_Dist [1/14]? Distance uncertainty based on the
photometry (σCCD)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): This table provides the VRIJHK photometry data for the 160 stars in
151 M dwarf systems.
Note (2): As outlined in Winters et al. 2011 (Cat. J/AJ/141/21), photometric
uncertainties are typically 30mmag for the V-band and 20mmag for the R-
and I-bands.
Note (3): The flags on photometry are defined as follows:
c = 2MASS magnitude uncertainty greater than 50mmag.
d = VRI photometry for individual components has been calculated using
Point-Spread Function (PSF) reduction;
J = The magnitude is blended due to one or more close companions.
Note (4): The reference codes are defined as follows:
1 = This work;
2 = Winters et al. 2011 (Cat. J/AJ/141/21);
3 = Winters et al. 2015 (Cat. J/AJ/149/5).
Note (5): A "u" next to the reference indicates that REsearch Consortium On
Nearby Stars (RECONS) photometry was reported in a previous publication,
but that the value listed here is updated due to additional data and
supersedes previous results.
Note (6): Photometric distance estimates are calculated using the relations
described in Henry et al. (2004AJ....128.2460H 2004AJ....128.2460H). Please refer to Section
4.1 in the paper for further details.
Note (7): The flags on the distance are defined as follows:
a = The πtrig for this object places it beyond 25pc. Nearly all of
these stars were originally thought to be within 25pc, but our new
astrometry indicates that they are not. This in itself reveals
important information about the stars, as discussed in Section 4.1;
b = The photometric distance estimate is based upon the joint photometry
for the system and is thus likely an underestimate.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of the M dwarf (1)
14- 16 A3 --- m_Name Components of multiple system (noted with
capital letters A and B after the name) (G1)
18- 19 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
21- 22 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
30 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
31- 32 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
34- 35 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
37- 40 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
42 A1 --- Flt [VRI] Filter in which πtrig was measured
(V, R, or I)
44- 45 I2 --- Nsea [3/15] Number of seasons covered (Nsea) (2)
46 A1 --- f_Nsea [cs] Flag on Nsea (c or s) (3)
48- 50 I3 --- Nfr [33/200] Number of frames acquired for each star
(Nfr)
52- 58 F7.2 yr Date0 [1999.9/2013.4] Starting date of the time
interval covered by the data sequence
59 A1 --- --- [-]
60- 66 F7.2 yr Date1 [2002.46/2016.21] Ending date of the time
interval covered by the data sequence
68- 72 F5.2 yr Time [2.32/15.61] Number of years of coverage (T)
74- 75 I2 --- Nref [5/16] Number of reference stars used in the
field
77- 80 F4.1 mmag Var [6.4/34]? Result for photometric variability in
the filter used for parallax observation
82- 86 F5.2 mas plxrel [15.74/97.82] Relative parallax (πrel)
88- 91 F4.2 mas e_plxrel [0.55/3.5] Uncertainty in relative parallax
93- 96 F4.2 mas pcorr [0.14/3.79] Correction to absolute parallax
(πcor) (4)
98-101 F4.2 mas e_pcorr [0.02/0.79] Uncertainty in pcorr
103 A1 --- f_pcorr [b] Flag 'b' on pcorr when a generic
correction of 1.50±0.50mas was adopted (5)
105-109 F5.2 mas plxabs [16.43/99.16] Final absolute parallax πabs
111-114 F4.2 mas e_plxabs [0.59/3.51] Uncertainty in plxabs
116 A1 --- f_plxabs [a] Flag 'a' on plxabs when the parallax value
have had the orbital motion of the system
subtracted
118-122 F5.1 mas/yr pm [118.5/827.7] Magnitude of the proper motion
124-126 F3.1 mas/yr e_pm [0.1/2.9] Uncertainty in pm
128-132 F5.1 deg pmPA [5.8/354] Position angle (measured east from
north) of the proper motion
134-137 F4.2 deg e_pmPA [0.02/1.72] Uncertainty in pmPA
139-143 F5.1 km/s Vtan [11.2/111.4] Derived tangential velocity Vtan
145 A1 --- Note [N] Note (indicated with a 'N') from Section 4.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The object name "EHPM 2-801" was probably a mistake and was modified
into "SCR 2105-5503" at CDS.
Note (2): Where the six months when a star is observable counts as one season.
Note (3): The observational flags are defined as follows:
c = Continuous set of observations where multiple nights of data were taken
in each season;
s = Scattered observations when some seasons have only a single night of
observations.
Note (4): Needed because the reference stars are not at an infinite distance.
Note (5): Because this field is in the direction of the Galactic center, the
initial correction from the relative parallax to the absolute parallax for
this object was erroneously large due to reddened reference stars. We have
adopted a generic correction of 1.50±0.50mas.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of the M dwarf
14- 15 A2 --- m_Name [AB] Components of multiple system (noted with
capital letters A and B after the name) (G1)
17- 18 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
20- 21 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
23- 26 F4.1 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
28 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
29- 30 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
32- 33 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
35- 36 I2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
38 A1 --- l_Sep [<] Upper limit flag on Sep
39- 44 F6.3 arcsec Sep [0.02/49.58] Separation ρ (1)
46- 48 I3 deg PA [32/354]? Position angle θ (1)
50- 53 I4 yr Year [2001/2016]? Date of the measurement
55- 60 A6 --- Tech Technique used to identify the binary (2)
62 I1 --- r_Tech [1/5] Reference for the separation measurement
and the detection technique (3)
64- 67 F4.2 mag Dmag [0.1/6]? Magnitude difference between the
components, where available (Δmag)
69- 73 A5 --- Flt Filter in which the measurement was made
(either 754nm, H, IKC, or VJ) (4)
75 I1 --- r_Dmag [1/5]? Reference for the Δmag (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Of the companion from the primary.
Note (2): Codes for the techniques used to identify companions are as follows:
astdet = Astrometric detection of a perturbation of the photocenter, as
discussed in Section 5.1;
astorb = Astrometric orbit;
SB2 = Double-lined spectroscopic binary;
spkdet = Detection using speckle interferometry;
visdet = Visual detection.
Note (3): The reference codes are defined as follows:
1 = This work;
2 = Bonfils et al. 2013 (Cat. J/A+A/549/A109);
3 = Forveille et al. 2005A&A...435L...5F 2005A&A...435L...5F;
4 = Horch et al. 2010 (Cat. J/AJ/139/205);
5 = Jao et al. 2003AJ....125..332J 2003AJ....125..332J;
6 = Winters et al. 2011 (Cat. J/AJ/141/21).
Note (4): The filters in which the Δmags were measured are either V or I
on the Johnson-Kron-Cousins system, the filter at 754nm used on the DSSI
speckle instrument, or the 2MASS H-band.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of the M dwarf
16- 17 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
19- 20 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
22- 25 F4.1 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
27 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
28- 29 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
31- 32 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
34- 35 I2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
37- 40 F4.1 km/s Vtan [22.6/64.8] Tangential velocity
42- 53 A12 --- Youth Youth indicator (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The youth indicators "GALEX" (Galaxy Evolution Explorer DR5 UV
catalog; Bianchi et al. 2011, Cat. II/312) and "ROSAT" (ROentgen SATellite
All Sky Survey X-ray catalog; Voges et al. 1999, Cat. IX/10; Voges et al.
2000, Cat. IX/29) indicate detections in each respective catalog, while
"Tuc-Hor," "AB Dor," "Carina-Near," and "Argus" indicate the young nearby
moving groups to which the star in question has a probability of belonging,
based on its kinematic information.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of the M dwarf
14- 15 A2 --- m_Name Components of multiple system
17- 25 A9 --- OName Other name (first four digits of both the R.A.
and decl.)
27-605 A579 --- Note Notes (figure numbers are listed if plots of
the astrometry series are included in the
paper)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global Notes:
Note (G1): If the names of the components are different, the letters identifying
the primary and the secondary are placed within parentheses (e.g.,
LTT 7419(A) and CE 507(B), where the "B" component is also known as
LTT 7419B).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
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(End) Sylvain Guehenneux [CDS] 13-Jul-2017