J/AJ/154/245 Imaging survey of Spitzer-detected debris disks (Meshkat+, 2017)
A direct imaging survey of Spitzer-detected debris disks: occurrence of giant
planets in dusty systems.
Meshkat T., Mawet D., Bryan M.L., Hinkley S., Bowler B.P., Stapelfeldt K.R.,
Batygin K., Padgett D., Morales F.Y., Serabyn E., Christiaens V.,
Brandt T.D., Wahhaj Z.
<Astron. J., 154, 245 (2017)>
=2017AJ....154..245M 2017AJ....154..245M (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, nearby ; Spectral types ; Stars, distances ; Stars, ages ;
Photometry, VRI ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: circumstellar matter - methods: statistical -
planets and satellites: detection -
techniques: high angular resolution
Abstract:
We describe a joint high-contrast imaging survey for planets at the
Keck and Very Large Telescope of the last large sample of debris disks
identified by the Spitzer Space Telescope. No new substellar companions
were discovered in our survey of 30 Spitzer-selected targets. We combine
our observations with data from four published surveys to place constraints
on the frequency of planets around 130 debris disk single stars, the
largest sample to date. For a control sample, we assembled contrast curves
from several published surveys targeting 277 stars that do not show
infrared excesses. We assumed a double power-law distribution in mass
and semimajor axis (SMA) of the form f(m,a)=Cmααβ,
where we adopted power-law values and logarithmically flat values for
the mass and SMA of planets. We find that the frequency of giant planets
with masses 5-20 MJup and separations 10-1000 au around stars with
debris disks is 6.27% (68% confidence interval 3.68%-9.76%), compared
to 0.73% (68% confidence interval 0.20%-1.80%) for the control sample
of stars without disks. These distributions differ at the 88% confidence
level, tentatively suggesting distinctness of these samples.
Description:
Data were obtained for 17 targets in 2010 (Program ID: C256N2, PI: Sasha
Hinkley) and one target in 2012 (Program ID: C248N2, PI: Heather Knutson)
with the Keck/NIRC2 instrument (Wizinowich 2013PASP..125..798W 2013PASP..125..798W) and 16
targets in 2010 (Program ID: 085.C-0635(A), 086.C-0505(A), PI: Dimitri
Mawet) at the VLT/UT4 with NACO (Lenzen 2003SPIE.4841..944L 2003SPIE.4841..944L; Rousset
2003SPIE.4839..140R 2003SPIE.4839..140R).
We combine our Spitzer dusty debris disk sample (30 targets from Keck
and VLT) with published surveys specifically targeting stars with
debris disks: the Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign (57 targets,
Wahhaj et al. 2013ApJ...773..179W 2013ApJ...773..179W), the NACO Survey of Young Nearby
Dusty Stars (29 targets, Rameau et al. 2013A&A...553A..60R 2013A&A...553A..60R), the
Strategic Exploration of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru (41 targets,
Janson et al. 2013ApJ...773...73J 2013ApJ...773...73J), "Holey Debris Disks" survey (15
targets, Meshkat et al. 2015ApJ...800....5M 2015ApJ...800....5M and V. Bailey et al. 2017,
in preparation).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 139 128 Properties of our debris disk sample
table7.dat 139 309 Properties of the disk-free control sample
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See also:
V/117 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood (Holmberg+, 2007)
J/ApJ/620/1010 : Spitzer 24µm photometry of A dwarfs (Rieke+, 2005)
J/ApJ/660/1556 : Characterization of dusty debris disks (Rhee+, 2007)
J/ApJ/670/1367 : Gemini Deep Planet Survey (Lafreniere+, 2007)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/A+A/521/A12 : Radial velocities of nearby late-type stars (Maldonado+, 2010)
J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)
J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)
J/A+A/544/A9 : The International Deep Planet Survey. I. (Vigan+, 2012)
J/AJ/143/135 : Ages of A-K type stars in DEBRIS survey (Vican, 2012)
J/ApJ/746/154 : Improved kinematic parallaxes for Sco-Cen members
(Pecaut+, 2012)
J/PAZh/38/860 : Thin disk BV-GV Hipparcos stars within 333pc
(Gontcharov+, 2012)
J/ApJ/768/25 : Spitzer and Herschel observations of debris disks
(Gaspar+, 2013)
J/ApJ/777/160 : NIR imaging survey for planets around MG stars (Biller+, 2013)
J/ApJ/794/159 : Statistical analysis of exoplanet surveys (Brandt+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/25 : Spitzer/IRS debris disk catalog. I. (Chen+, 2014)
J/A+A/573/A126 : VLT/NaCo Large program I. Sample (Desidera+, 2015)
J/ApJ/798/87 : Spitzer/IRS debris disk catalog. II. (Mittal+, 2015)
J/ApJS/216/7 : Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). IV. (Bowler+, 2015)
J/A+A/594/A63 : International Deep Planet Survey results (Galicher+, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- ID Target identifier
25- 26 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
28- 29 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
31- 36 F6.3 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
38 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
39- 40 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
42- 43 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
45- 49 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
51- 56 A6 --- SpType MK spectral type
58- 62 F5.1 pc Dist [3.2/472] Distance
64- 67 F4.1 pc e_Dist [1/19] Uncertainty in Dist
69- 74 F6.1 Myr Age [4.5/6000] Age
76- 81 F6.1 Myr E_Age [0.5/9400] Upper uncertainty in Age
83- 88 F6.1 Myr e_Age [0.5/4140] Lower uncertainty in Age
90- 93 A4 --- r_Age Reference for Age (not in Table 7) (1)
95- 99 A5 --- n_Age Age determination method (not in Table 7) (2)
101-103 A3 --- Assoc Association identifier (not in Table 7) (3)
105-109 F5.2 mag Vmag [1.16/15.23] Apparent V band magnitude
111-114 F4.2 mag e_Vmag [0/0.2] Uncertainty in Vmag
116-121 F6.3 mag Hmag [1.16/11.96] Apparent H band magnitude
123-126 F4.2 mag e_Hmag [0.01/8.89] Uncertainty in Hmag
128-139 A12 --- Survey Survey identifier (1)
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Note (1): Age reference/survey identifier as follows:
A08 = Apai et al. (2008ApJ...672.1196A 2008ApJ...672.1196A);
C09 = Carpenter et al. (2009ApJS..181..197C 2009ApJS..181..197C);
C11 = Casagrande et al. (2011, J/A+A/530/A138);
C14 = Chen et al. (2014, J/ApJS/211/25);
D15 = David et al. (2016Natur.534..658D 2016Natur.534..658D);
De15 = Desidera et al. (2015, J/A+A/573/A126);
G12 = Gontcharov (2012, J/PAZh/38/860);
I10 = Isaacson & Fischer (2010, J/ApJ/725/875);
J13 = Janson et al. (2013ApJ...773...73J 2013ApJ...773...73J);
L07 = Lafreniere et al. (2007, J/ApJ/670/1367);
LS06 = Lopez-Santiago et al. (2006ApJ...643.1160L 2006ApJ...643.1160L);
M06 = Moor et al. (2006ApJ...644..525M 2006ApJ...644..525M);
M08 = Mamajek & Hillenbrand (2008, J/ApJ/687/1264);
Me09 = Metchev et al. (2009ApJ...705L.204M 2009ApJ...705L.204M);
M09 = Moor et al. (2009ApJ...700L..25M 2009ApJ...700L..25M);
M10 = Maldonado et al. (2010, J/A+A/521/A12);
M11 = Moor et al. (2011ApJ...740L...7M 2011ApJ...740L...7M);
M12 = Mamajek et al. (2012AJ....143...72M 2012AJ....143...72M);
M13 = Meshkat et al. (2013ApJ...775L..40M 2013ApJ...775L..40M);
M15 = Meshkat et al. (2015ApJ...800....5M 2015ApJ...800....5M);
N04 = Nordstrom et al. (2004, Cat. V/117);
P09 = Plavchan et al. (2009ApJ...698.1068P 2009ApJ...698.1068P);
P12 = Pecaut et al. (2012, J/ApJ/746/154);
R07 = Rhee et al. (2007, J/ApJ/660/1556);
R05 = Rieke et al. (2005, J/ApJ/620/1010);
R13 = Rameau et al. (2013A&A...553A..60R 2013A&A...553A..60R);
S05 = Saffe et al. (2005A&A...443..609S 2005A&A...443..609S);
TW = This work;
V12 = Vican (2012, J/AJ/143/135);
W13 = Wahhaj et al. (2013ApJ...773..179W 2013ApJ...773..179W);
Z01 = Zuckerman et al. (2001ApJ...562L..87Z 2001ApJ...562L..87Z);
Z04 = Zuckerman & Song (2004ApJ...603..738Z 2004ApJ...603..738Z);
Z11 = Zuckerman et al. (2011ApJ...732...61Z 2011ApJ...732...61Z);
Z12 = Zuckerman & Song (2012ApJ...758...77Z 2012ApJ...758...77Z).
Lafreniere07 = Lafreniere et al. (2007, J/ApJ/670/1367);
Vigan12 = Vigan et al. (2012, J/A+A/544/A9);
Biller13 = Biller et al. (2013, J/ApJ/777/160);
Nielsen13 = Nielsen et al. (2013ApJ...776....4N 2013ApJ...776....4N);
Brandt14 = Brandt et al. (2014, J/ApJ/794/159);
Bowler15 = Bowler et al. (2015, J/ApJS/216/7);
Galicher16 = Galicher et al. (2016, J/A+A/594/A63).
Note (2): Age determination method as follows:
1 = Cluster/group membership;
2 = Isochrone fitting;
3 = X-ray age correlation;
4 = Calcium H&K emission age correlation;
5 = Rotation age correlation;
6 = Chromospheric activity;
7 = Stromgren photometry;
8 = Lithium abundances;
9 = Rieke disk-age correlation.
Note (3): Association identifier as follows:
HL = Hercules-Lyra;
BP = Beta Pic moving group;
TH = Tucana/Horlogium;
ABD = AB Dor moving group;
UM = Ursa Majoris moving group;
G2 = Great Austral Young Association;
Ar = Argus;
Pl = Pleiades moving group;
US = Upper-Scorpius;
IC = IC2391;
Ca = Castor;
Co = Columba;
UCL = Upper Centaurus-Lupus;
TWA = TW Hydrae Association;
LCC = Lower Centaurus-Crux.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 21-Aug-2018