J/AJ/156/171 Cepheid abund.: multiphase results & spatial gradients (Luck, 2018)
Cepheid abundances: multiphase results and spatial gradients.
Luck R.E.
<Astron. J., 156, 171 (2018)>
=2018AJ....156..171L 2018AJ....156..171L (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, variable ; Photometry, UBV ; Parallaxes, trigonometric ;
Stars, distances ; Effective temperatures ; Abundances ; Milky Way
Keywords: Galaxy: abundances - Galaxy: evolution - stars: abundances -
stars: variables: Cepheids
Abstract:
Parameters and abundances have been derived for 435 Cepheids based on
an analysis of 1127 spectra. Results from five or more phases are
available for 52 of the program stars. The latter set of stars span
periods between 1.5 and 68 days. The parameters and abundances show
excellent consistency across phase. For iron, the average range in the
determined abundance is 0.11 from these 52 stars. For 163 stars with
more than one phase available the average range is 0.07. The variation
in effective temperature tracks well with phase, as does the total
broadening velocity. The gravity and microturbulent velocity follow phase,
but with less variation and regularity. Abundance gradients have been
derived using Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/345) parallax data, as well as Bayesian
distance estimates based upon Gaia DR2 from Bailer-Jones et al.
(2018, Cat. I/347). The abundance gradient derived for iron is
d[Fe/H]/dR=-0.05 dex/kpc, similar to gradients derived in previous studies.
Description:
The spectroscopic data used here were used in the prior Cepheid
analyses of Luck and collaborators. There are four data sources:
1. The Sandiford Echelle Spectrograph on the 2.1 m Struve Telescope of
McDonald Observatory, denoted "S" in the tables.
2. The High-Resolution Spectrograph on the 2.7 m Harlan J. Smith Telescope
of McDonald Observatory, denoted "M" in the tables.
3. The High-Resolution Spectrograph of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope, denoted
"H" in the tables.
4. The FEROS spectrograph on the 2.2 m MPG telescope at the European
Southern Observatory. These are denoted "F1" in the tables if originally
from Luck et al. (2011, J/AJ/142/51) and "F2" if from Luck (2014,
J/AJ/147/137).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 145 435 Program stars
table2.dat 73 1127 Observing log
table3.dat 89 1127 Cepheid per phase parameters
table4.dat 199 1127 The [x/H] for Z>10
table5.dat 576 1127 Abundance details for Z>10
table6.dat 129 1127 Lithium, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen data
table7.dat 701 435 Average abundances for Cepheids
table11.dat 53 52 Average parameters for Cepheids
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See also:
B/gcvs : General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+, 2007-2017)
II/285 : Photoelectric observations of Cepheids in UBV(RI)c (Berdnikov, 2008)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
J/A+A/381/32 : Galactic Cepheid abundances (Andrievsky+, 2002)
J/A+A/392/491 : Galactic abundance gradient. III. (Andrievsky+, 2002)
J/A+A/413/159 : Galactic abundance gradient. V. (Andrievsky+, 2004)
J/AJ/128/343 : Abundances of 10 Cepheids (Luck+, 2004)
J/AJ/129/433 : Abundances and equivalent widths of 14 Cepheids
(Kovtyukh+, 2005)
J/AJ/130/1880 : Cepheids with periods between 3 and 6 days
(Andrievsky+, 2005)
J/AJ/132/902 : Abundances of 54 Cepheids (Luck+, 2006)
J/A+A/476/73 : Calibration of Cepheid Period/Luminosity relation
(Fouque+, 2007)
J/A+A/504/959 : Amplitudes of single-mode Cepheids (Klagyivik+, 2009)
J/AJ/142/51 : Galactic Cepheids abundance variations (Luck+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/136 : Spectroscopy of Cepheids. l=30-250° (Luck+, 2011)
J/PAZh/39/942 : Galactic classical Cepheids properties (Marsakov+, 2013)
J/A+A/566/A37 : Iron abundances for 42 Galactic Cepheids (Genovali+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/137 : Atmospheric parameters in luminous stars (Luck, 2014)
J/MNRAS/437/2106 : Barium abundance in Galactic Cepheids (Andrievsky+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/444/3301 : Oxygen abundance in Galactic disc Cepheids (Korotin+, 2014)
J/A+A/580/A17 : α-element abundances of Cepheid stars
(Genovali+, 2015)
J/A+A/586/A125 : Neutron-capture elements abundances in Cepheids
(da Silva+ 2016)
J/ApJ/842/42 : Improved reddenings for 59 Galactic Cepheids (Madore+, 2017)
J/A+A/616/A82 : Physical parameters of classical Cepheids (Proxauf+, 2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of Cepheid
15- 22 F8.4 deg GLON Galactic longitude from SIMBAD
24- 31 F8.4 deg GLAT Galactic latitude from SIMBAD
33- 40 A8 --- Type Variable type (1)
41 A1 --- r_Type [abcdef] Reference for Type (2)
43- 49 F7.4 d Per [0.9224/68.0441]? Fundamental period
50 A1 --- r_Per [abc] Reference for Per (3)
52 A1 --- Mode Pulsation mode (4)
54- 59 F6.3 mag Vmagmean [3.72/14.54]? Mean visual magnitude (5)
61- 65 F5.3 mag E(B-V) [0/2.08]? Color excess in B-V (5)
67- 71 F5.3 mag E(B-V)M17 [0.042/1.022]? E(B-V) from
Madore, Freedman & Moak (2017, J/ApJ/842/42)
73- 77 F5.3 mag E(B-V)T16 [0.046/1.39]? E(B-V) from Turner
(2016RMxAA..52..223T 2016RMxAA..52..223T)
79- 83 I5 pc d-PL [239/31128]? Distance using
Madore, Freedman, & Moak (2017, J/ApJ/842/42)
period-luminosity (PL) (6)
85- 91 F7.4 mas Plx [-2.6928/4.0995] Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/345)
parallax
93- 98 F6.4 mas e_Plx [0.017/1.0729] Uncertainty in Plx
100-106 F7.4 --- Ratio [0/87.1529] Ratio of Plx to e_Plx
108-112 I5 pc d [242/12889] Distance from Bailer-Jones et al.
(2018, Cat. I/347)
114-118 I5 pc dmin [240/10516] Minimum distance from
Bailer-Jones et al. (2018, Cat. I/347)
120-124 I5 pc dmax [245/16310] Maximum distance from
Bailer-Jones et al. (2018, Cat. I/347)
126-131 F6.3 kpc RG-PL [3.739/37.434]? Galactocentric distance using
PL distance
133-138 F6.3 kpc RG-Plx [3.907/71.919]? Galactocentric distance using
Plx
140-145 F6.3 kpc RG-BJ [2.82/17.787] Galactocentric distance using
Bailer-Jones et al. (2018, Cat. I/347)
distance
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Variable type, as described in the General Catalog of Variable Stars
(Samus et al 2017, Cat. B/gcvs), are as follows:
CEP/CEP: = Cepheids. Radially pulsating, high luminosity (classes Ib-II)
variables with periods in the range of 1-135 days and
amplitudes from several hundredths to 2 mag in V (in the
B band, the amplitudes are greater). Spectral type at maximum
light is F; at minimum, the types are G-K. The longer the
period of light variation, the later is the spectral type. The
maximum of the surface-layer expansion velocity almost
coinciding with maximum light;
CEP(B) = Cepheids displaying the presence of two or more simultaneously
operating pulsation modes (usually the fundamental tone with
the period P0 and the first overtone P1). The periods P0 are
in the range from 2 to 7 days, with the ratio P1/P0 approx.
0.71;
CWA = W Vir variables with periods longer than 8 days;
CWB/CWB: = W Vir variables with periods shorter than 8 days;
DCEP/DCEP: = These are the classical cepheids, or Delta Cep-type variables.
Comparatively young objects that have left the main sequence
and evolved into the instability strip of the
Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram, they obey the well-known
Cepheid period-luminosity relation and belong to the young disk
population. DCEP stars are present in open clusters. They
display a certain relation between the shapes of their light
curves and their periods;
DCEP(B) = Not described in Cat. B/gcvs;
DCEPS/DCEPS: = These are Delta Cep variables having light amplitudes <0.5 mag
in V (<0.7 mag in B) and almost symmetrical light curves
(M-m approx. 0.4-0.5 periods); as a rule, their periods do not
exceed 7 days. They are probably first-overtone pulsators
and/or are in the first transition across the instability strip
after leaving the main sequence;
DCEPS(B) = Not described in Cat. B/gcvs;
WVIR = See Wallerstein, Kovtyukh, & Andrievsky (2008PASP..120..361W 2008PASP..120..361W).
Note (2): From the General Catalog of Variable Stars (Samus et al 2017,
Cat. B/gcvs). Individual reference as follows:
a = Wils & Greaves (2004IBVS.5512....1W 2004IBVS.5512....1W);
b = Berdnikov (2008, Cat. II/285);
c = Antipin (1997IBVS.4485....1A 1997IBVS.4485....1A);
d = Szabados (2006IBVS.5725....1S 2006IBVS.5725....1S);
e = Klagyivik & Szabados (2009, J/A+A/504/959);
f = Wallerstein, Kovtyukh, & Andrievsky (2008PASP..120..361W 2008PASP..120..361W).
Note (3): From the General Catalog of Variable Stars (Samus et al. 2017,
Cat. B/gcvs). Individual reference as follows:
a = Wils & Greaves (2004IBVS.5512....1W 2004IBVS.5512....1W);
b = Berdnikov (2008, Cat. II/285);
c = Wallerstein et al. (2008PASP..120..361W 2008PASP..120..361W).
Note (4): Pulsation mode as follows:
F = Fundamental;
1 = 1st overtone;
2 = 2nd overtone.
Note (5): Primary source is Fernie (1995AJ....110.2361F 1995AJ....110.2361F). E(B-V) modified by
Fouque et al. (2007, J/A+A/476/73). These values are quoted from
Andrievsky et al. 2002, J/A+A/381/32, 2002A&A...384..140A 2002A&A...384..140A, J/A+A/392/491;
Luck et al. 2003A&A...401..939L 2003A&A...401..939L; Andrievsky et al. 2004, J/A+A/413/159;
Luck & Andrievsky 2004, J/AJ/128/343; Kovtyukh et al. 2005, J/AJ/129/433;
Andrievsky et al. 2005, J/AJ/130/1880; Luck et al. 2006, J/AJ/132/902;
Luck et al. 2008AJ....136...98L 2008AJ....136...98L; Luck & Lambert 2011, J/AJ/142/136;
Luck et al 2011, J/AJ/142/51; Luck 2014, J/AJ/147/137.
Note (6): P, AV=3.23 E(B-V) or 4.0*E(B-V) for Carina -260<l<315 degrees
(Carraro et al. 2017AJ....153..156C 2017AJ....153..156C), and R0=7.9 kpc. E(B-V) preference
order is Turner (2016RMxAA..52..223T 2016RMxAA..52..223T), Madore, Freedman & Moak (2017,
J/ApJ/842/42), E(B-V) from this table.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of Cepheid
15- 16 A2 --- Source Source code (G1)
18- 33 A16 --- Key Observation identifier
35- 57 A23 --- Obs.Date UT observation date and time
(YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.sss)
59- 63 I5 s Exp [12/10800] Exposure time
65- 67 I3 --- S/Navg [26/720]? Average signal-to-noise ratio
69- 73 F5.3 --- Phase [0.001/1]? Phase during observation (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Computed using GCVS elements (Samus et al. 2017, Cat. B/gcvs).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of Cepheid
15- 16 A2 --- Source Source code (G1)
18- 33 A16 --- Key Observation identifier
35- 39 F5.3 --- Phase [0.001/1]? Phase during observation
41- 44 I4 K Teff [4168/6891] Effective temperature
46- 48 I3 K e_Teff [21/398] Standard deviation of Teff about
the mean
50- 51 I2 --- o_Teff [3/76] Number of line ratios used to determine
Teff (1)
53- 57 F5.2 [cm/s2] log(g) [-1.33/2.86] Log surface gravity
59- 62 F4.2 km/s Vturb [1.2/7.63] Microtrubulent velocity
64- 67 F4.2 [-] FeI [6.19/7.93] Log Fe I abundance (G2)
69- 72 F4.2 [-] e_FeI [0.09/0.44] Standard deviation of FeI about
the mean
74- 76 I3 --- o_FeI [87/646] Number of lines used to determine FeI
78- 81 F4.2 [-] FeII [6.18/7.93] Log Fe II abundance (G2)
83- 86 F4.2 [-] e_FeII [0.03/0.46] Standard deviation of FeII about
the mean
88- 89 I2 --- o_FeII [2/76] Number of lines used to determine FeII
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Kovtyukh (2007MNRAS.378..617K 2007MNRAS.378..617K).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of Cepheid
15- 16 A2 --- Source Source code (G1)
18- 33 A16 --- Key Observation identifier
35- 39 F5.3 --- Phase [0.001/1]? Phase during observation
41- 44 I4 K Teff [4168/6891] Effective temperature
46- 50 F5.2 [cm/s2] log(g) [-1.33/2.86] Log surface gravity
52- 55 F4.2 km/s Vturb [1.2/7.63] Microtrubulent velocity
57- 61 F5.2 [Sun] Na [-1.21/1.15]? Log sodium abundance (G3)
63- 67 F5.2 [Sun] Mg [-1.12/1.16]? Log magnesium abundance (G3)
69- 73 F5.2 [Sun] Al [-0.64/0.98]? Log aluminum abundance (G3)
75- 79 F5.2 [Sun] Si [-0.83/0.71] Log silicon abundance (G3)
81- 85 F5.2 [Sun] S [-0.53/1.47]? Log sulfur abundance (G3)
87- 91 F5.2 [Sun] Ca [-1.19/1.09] Log calcium abundance (G3)
93- 97 F5.2 [Sun] Sc [-1.11/1.61]? Log scandium abundance (G3)
99-103 F5.2 [Sun] Ti [-0.89/0.83] Log titanium abundance (G3)
105-109 F5.2 [Sun] V [-1.21/1.13] Log vanadium abundance (G3)
111-115 F5.2 [Sun] Cr [-1.07/0.75] Log chromium abundance (G3)
117-121 F5.2 [Sun] Mn [-1.74/1.34]? Log manganese abundance (G3)
123-127 F5.2 [Sun] Fe [-1.29/0.46] Log iron abundance (G3)
129-133 F5.2 [Sun] Co [-0.57/1.08]? Log cobalt abundance (G3)
135-139 F5.2 [Sun] Ni [-1.07/0.53] Log nickel abundance (G3)
141-145 F5.2 [Sun] Cu [-0.58/0.87]? Log copper abundance (G3)
147-151 F5.2 [Sun] Zn [-1.67/1.33]? Log zinc abundance (G3)
153-157 F5.2 [Sun] Y [-1.33/1.14]? Log yttrium abundance (G3)
159-163 F5.2 [Sun] Zr [-0.96/1.27]? Log zirconium abundance (G3)
165-169 F5.2 [Sun] Ba [-1.01/0.85]? Log barium abundance (G3)
171-175 F5.2 [Sun] La [-0.86/1]? Log lanthanum abundance (G3)
177-181 F5.2 [Sun] Ce [-0.89/0.89]? Log cerium abundance (G3)
183-187 F5.2 [Sun] Nd [-0.99/1.01]? Log neodymium abundance (G3)
189-193 F5.2 [Sun] Sm [-1.03/1.43]? Log samarium abundance (G3)
195-199 F5.2 [Sun] Eu [-0.65/1]? Log europium abundance (G3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of Cepheid
15- 16 A2 --- Source Source code (G1)
18- 33 A16 --- Key Observation identifier
35- 39 F5.3 --- Phase [0.001/1]? Phase during observation
41- 44 I4 K Teff [4168/6891] Effective temperature
46- 50 F5.2 [cm/s2] log(g) [-1.33/2.86] Log surface gravity
52- 55 F4.2 km/s Vturb [1.2/7.63] Microtrubulent velocity
57- 61 F5.3 [-] NaI [4.997/7.364]? Log Na I abundance (G2)
63- 67 F5.3 [-] e_NaI [0/0.791]? Standard deviation of NaI about
the mean
69 I1 --- o_NaI [1/8]? Number of lines used to determine NaI
71- 75 F5.3 [-] MgI [6.474/8.749]? Log Mg I abundance (G2)
77- 81 F5.3 [-] e_MgI [0/0.904]? Standard deviation of MgI about
the mean
83- 84 I2 --- o_MgI [1/10]? Number of lines used to determine MgI
86- 90 F5.3 [-] AlI [5.79/7.413]? Log Al I abundance (G2)
92- 96 F5.3 [-] e_AlI [0/0.661]? Standard deviation of AlI about
the mean
98 I1 --- o_AlI [1/8]? Number of lines used to determine AlI
100-104 F5.3 [-] SiI [6.724/8.219] Log Si I abundance (G2)
106-110 F5.3 [-] e_SiI [0.046/0.502] Standard deviation of SiI about
the mean
112-113 I2 --- o_SiI [8/79] Number of lines used to determine SiI
115-119 F5.3 [-] SiII [6.317/8.696]? Log Si II abundance (G2)
121-125 F5.3 [-] e_SiII [0/0.572]? Standard deviation of SiII about
the mean
127 I1 --- o_SiII [1/2]? Number of lines used to determine SiII
129-133 F5.3 [-] SI [6.588/8.588]? Log S I abundance (G2)
135-139 F5.3 [-] e_SI [0.009/1.051]? Standard deviation of SI about
the mean
141-142 I2 --- o_SI [1/10]? Number of lines used to determine SI
144-148 F5.3 [-] CaI [5.135/7.41] Log Ca I abundance (G2)
150-154 F5.3 [-] e_CaI [0.025/0.699]? Standard deviation of CaI about
the mean
156-157 I2 --- o_CaI [1/36] Number of lines used to determine CaI
159-163 F5.3 [-] CaII [5.09/9.324]? Log Ca II abundance (G2)
165-169 F5.3 [-] e_CaII [0.003/1.054]? Standard deviation of CaII about
the mean
171 I1 --- o_CaII [1/7]? Number of lines used to determine CaII
173-177 F5.3 [-] ScI [2.738/5.523]? Log Sc I abundance (G2)
179-183 F5.3 [-] e_ScI [0.065/1.342]? Standard deviation of ScI about
the mean
185-186 I2 --- o_ScI [1/11]? Number of lines used to determine ScI
188-192 F5.3 [-] ScII [1.865/4.058]? Log Sc II abundance (G2)
194-198 F5.3 [-] e_ScII [0.002/1.604]? Standard deviation of ScII about
the mean
200-201 I2 --- o_ScII [1/18]? Number of lines used to determine ScII
203-207 F5.3 [-] TiI [3.99/5.822] Log Ti I abundance (G2)
209-213 F5.3 [-] e_TiI [0.067/0.816] Standard deviation of TiI about
the mean
215-217 I3 --- o_TiI [7/136] Number of lines used to determine TiI
219-223 F5.3 [-] TiII [3.736/5.537]? Log Ti II abundance (G2)
225-229 F5.3 [-] e_TiII [0/0.768]? Standard deviation of TiII about
the mean
231-232 I2 --- o_TiII [1/39]? Number of lines used to determine TiII
234-238 F5.3 [-] VI [2.433/5.163] Log V I abundance (G2)
240-244 F5.3 [-] e_VI [0.043/0.729] Standard deviation of VI about
the mean
246-247 I2 --- o_VI [2/53] Number of lines used to determine VI
249-253 F5.3 [-] VII [2.966/4.594]? Log V II abundance (G2)
255-259 F5.3 [-] e_VII [0.008/0.813]? Standard deviation of VII about
the mean
261-262 I2 --- o_VII [1/10]? Number of lines used to determine VII
264-268 F5.3 [-] CrI [4.71/6.452] Log Cr I abundance (G2)
270-274 F5.3 [-] e_CrI [0.036/0.783] Standard deviation of CrI about
the mean
276-278 I3 --- o_CrI [3/112] Number of lines used to determine CrI
280-284 F5.3 [-] CrII [4.126/6.498]? Log Cr II abundance (G2)
286-290 F5.3 [-] e_CrII [0.018/0.485]? Standard deviation of CrII about
the mean
292-293 I2 --- o_CrII [1/20]? Number of lines used to determine CrII
295-299 F5.3 [-] MnI [3.683/6.764]? Log Mn I abundance (G2)
301-305 F5.3 [-] e_MnI [0.005/1.066]? Standard deviation of MnI about
the mean
307-308 I2 --- o_MnI [1/30]? Number of lines used to determine MnI
310-314 F5.3 [-] FeI [6.186/7.926] Log Fe I abundance (G2)
316-320 F5.3 [-] e_FeI [0.091/0.443] Standard deviation of FeI about
the mean
322-324 I3 --- o_FeI [87/646] Number of lines used to determine FeI
326-330 F5.3 [-] FeII [6.178/7.925] Log Fe II abundance (G2)
332-336 F5.3 [-] e_FeII [0.034/0.455] Standard deviation of FeII about
the mean
338-339 I2 --- o_FeII [2/76] Number of lines used to determine FeII
341-345 F5.3 [-] CoI [4.36/6.008]? Log Co I abundance (G2)
347-351 F5.3 [-] e_CoI [0.014/0.783]? Standard deviation of CoI about
the mean
353-354 I2 --- o_CoI [1/54]? Number of lines used to determine CoI
356-360 F5.3 [-] NiI [5.13/6.728] Log Ni I abundance (G2)
362-366 F5.3 [-] e_NiI [0.059/0.763] Standard deviation of NiI about
the mean
368-370 I3 --- o_NiI [13/187] Number of lines used to determine NiI
372-376 F5.3 [-] CuI [3.598/5.051]? Log Cu I abundance (G2)
378-382 F5.3 [-] e_CuI [0/0.592]? Standard deviation of CuI about
the mean
384 I1 --- o_CuI [1/2]? Number of lines used to determine CuI
386-390 F5.3 [-] ZnI [2.89/5.891]? Log Zn I abundance (G2)
392-396 F5.3 [-] e_ZnI [0/1.359]? Standard deviation of ZnI about
the mean
398 I1 --- o_ZnI [1/4]? Number of lines used to determine ZnI
400-404 F5.3 [-] YI [0.467/3.685]? Log Y I abundance (G2)
406-410 F5.3 [-] e_YI [0.097/1.421]? Standard deviation of YI about
the mean
412 I1 --- o_YI [1/9]? Number of lines used to determine YI
414-418 F5.3 [-] YII [0.877/3.347]? Log Y II abundance (G2)
420-424 F5.3 [-] e_YII [0.007/1.351]? Standard deviation of YII about
the mean
426-427 I2 --- o_YII [1/18]? Number of lines used to determine YII
429-433 F5.3 [-] ZrI [1.617/4.543]? Log Zr I abundance (G2)
435-439 F5.3 [-] e_ZrI [0.004/0.829]? Standard deviation of ZrI about
the mean
441-442 I2 --- o_ZrI [1/22]? Number of lines used to determine ZrI
444-448 F5.3 [-] ZrII [1.626/3.547]? Log Zr II abundance (G2)
450-454 F5.3 [-] e_ZrII [0.029/0.963]? Standard deviation of ZrII about
the mean
456-457 I2 --- o_ZrII [1/10]? Number of lines used to determine ZrII
459-463 F5.3 [-] BaII [1.244/3.095]? Log Ba II abundance (G2)
465-469 F5.3 [-] e_BaII [0.52/0.706]? Standard deviation of BaII about
the mean
471 I1 --- o_BaII [1/4]? Number of lines used to determine BaII
473-477 F5.3 [-] LaII [0.248/2.114]? Log La II abundance (G2)
479-483 F5.3 [-] e_LaII [0.008/1.225]? Standard deviation of LaII about
the mean
485-486 I2 --- o_LaII [1/12]? Number of lines used to determine LaII
488-492 F5.3 [-] CeII [0.689/2.472]? Log Ce II abundance (G2)
494-498 F5.3 [-] e_CeII [0.001/1.181]? Standard deviation of CeII about
the mean
500-501 I2 --- o_CeII [1/34]? Number of lines used to determine CeII
503-508 F6.3 [-] PrII [-0.59/1.719]? Log Pr II abundance (G2)
510-514 F5.3 [-] e_PrII [0.045/1.748]? Standard deviation of PrII about
the mean
516 I1 --- o_PrII [1/8]? Number of lines used to determine PrII
518-522 F5.3 [-] NdII [0.431/2.426]? Log Nd II abundance (G2)
524-528 F5.3 [-] e_NdII [0.002/1.034]? Standard deviation of NdII about
the mean
530-531 I2 --- o_NdII [1/41]? Number of lines used to determine NdII
533-538 F6.3 [-] SmII [-0.075/2.378]? Log Sm II abundance (G2)
540-544 F5.3 [-] e_SmII [0.078/0.858]? Standard deviation of SmII about
the mean
546-547 I2 --- o_SmII [1/31]? Number of lines used to determine SmII
549-553 F5.3 [-] EuI [1.084/2.267]? Log Eu I abundance (G2)
555-559 F5.3 [-] e_EuI ? Standard deviation of EuI about the mean
561 I1 --- o_EuI [1/1]? Number of lines used to determine EuI
563-568 F6.3 [-] EuII [-0.132/1.338]? Log Eu II abundance (G2)
570-574 F5.3 [-] e_EuII [0.001/0.729]? Standard deviation of EuII about
the mean
576 I1 --- o_EuII [1/6]? Number of lines used to determine EuII
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of Cepheid
15- 16 A2 --- Source Source code (G1)
18- 33 A16 --- Key Observation identifier
35- 39 F5.3 --- Phase [0.001/1]? Phase during observation
41- 44 I4 K Teff [4168/6891] Effective temperature
46- 50 F5.2 [cm/s2] log(g) [-1.33/2.86] Log surface gravity
52- 55 F4.2 km/s Vturb [1.2/7.63] Microtrubulent velocity
57- 61 F5.2 km/s Vb [-1/24.2]? Broadening velocity (1)
63- 66 F4.2 [-] Fe [6.19/7.93] Log iron abundance (2)
68- 74 F7.5 --- Depth [0.00057/0.283]? Measured depth of
the Li I 670.7 nm feature
76 A1 --- l_Li [<] Limit flag on Li
77- 81 F5.2 [-] Li [-0.53/3.19]? Log lithium abundance (3)
83- 86 F4.2 [-] C2 [7.75/8.48]? Log carbon abundance from C2
Swann lines
88- 91 F4.2 [-] C505.2 [6.23/9.84]? Log carbon abundance from
C I 505.2 nm line
93- 96 F4.2 [-] C538.0 [7.04/9.69]? Log carbon abundance from
C I 538.0 nm line
98-102 F5.2 [-] C711.0 [6.8/10.05]? Log carbon abundance from
C I 711.0 nm line
104-107 F4.2 [-] Cmean [6.95/9.87]? Mean log carbon abundance (4)
109-112 F4.2 [-] Nmean [7.18/9.23]? Mean log nitrogen abundance (5)
114-118 F5.2 [-] O615.5 [-0.81/9.97]? Log oxygen abundance from
O I 615.5 triplet
120-124 F5.2 [-] O630.0 [1.1/11.13]? Log oxygen abundance from
O I 630.0 nm line
126-129 F4.2 [-] Omean [2.36/9.93]? Mean log oxygen abundance (4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Assumed to be macroturbulent profile.
Note (2): The solar iron abundance is 7.47 relative to H=12.
Note (3): The solar lithium abundance is 1.0 dex.
Note (4): Weights discussed in text.
Note (5): From the N I lines at 714.2 and 716.8 nm lines.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Name Name of Cepheid
15- 19 F5.3 [-] Feavg [6.186/7.926] Average iron abundance
21- 25 F5.3 [-] Femed [6.186/7.926] Median iron abundance
27- 31 F5.3 [-] RFeavg [0.001/0.359]? Max-min abundance range in Fe
33- 34 I2 --- o_Feavg [1/20] Number of phases used in Feavg
36- 41 F6.3 [-] Li [-0.502/3.188] Average lithium abundance
43- 47 F5.3 [-] RLi [0/1.83]? Max-min abundance range in Li
49- 50 I2 --- o_Li [1/19] Number of phases used in Li
52- 56 F5.3 [-] Cavg [7/9.87]? Average carbon abundance
58- 63 F6.3 [Sun] [C/Fe] [-1.346/1.027]? Average C/Fe abundance (G3)
65- 69 F5.3 [-] R[C/Fe] [0/0.772]? Max-min abundance range in [C/Fe]
71 I1 --- o_[C/Fe] [1/9]? Number of phases used in [C/Fe]
73- 77 F5.3 [-] Navg [7.183/9.227]? Average nitrogen abundance
79- 84 F6.3 [Sun] [N/Fe] [-0.182/0.901]? Average N/Fe abundance (G3)
86- 90 F5.3 [-] R[N/Fe] [0.001/0.637]? Max-min abundance range
in [N/Fe]
92 I1 --- o_[N/Fe] [1/5]? Number of phases used in [N/Fe]
94- 98 F5.3 [-] Oavg [8.049/9.136]? Average oxygen abundance
100-105 F6.3 [Sun] [O/Fe] [-0.775/0.441]? Average O/Fe abundance (G3)
107-111 F5.3 [-] R[O/Fe] [0.001/0.587]? Max-min abundance range
in [O/Fe]
113-114 I2 --- o_[O/Fe] [1/19]? Number of phases used in [O/Fe]
116-121 F6.3 [Sun] [Na/H] [-1.281/1.086] Average sodium abundance
123-128 F6.3 [Sun] [Na/Fe] [-0.463/0.83] Average Na/Fe abundance (G3)
130-134 F5.3 [-] R[Na/Fe] [0/0.876]? Max-min abundance range in [Na/Fe]
136-137 I2 --- o_[Na/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Na/Fe]
139-144 F6.3 [Sun] [Mg/H] [-1.204/1.046] Average magnesium abundance
146-151 F6.3 [Sun] [Mg/Fe] [-0.426/0.97] Average Mg/Fe abundance (G3)
153-157 F5.3 [-] R[Mg/Fe] [0/1.238]? Max-min abundance range in [Mg/Fe]
159-160 I2 --- o_[Mg/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Mg/Fe]
162-167 F6.3 [Sun] [Al/H] [-0.723/0.9] Average aluminum abundance
169-174 F6.3 [Sun] [Al/Fe] [-0.274/0.64] Average Al/Fe abundance (G3)
176-180 F5.3 [-] R[Al/Fe] [0.003/0.766]? Max-min abundance range
in [Al/Fe]
182-183 I2 --- o_[Al/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Al/Fe]
185-190 F6.3 [Sun] [Si/H] [-0.844/0.692] Average silicon abundance
192-196 F5.3 [Sun] [Si/Fe] [0.065/0.773] Average Si/Fe abundance (G3)
198-202 F5.3 [-] R[Si/Fe] [0.001/0.525]? Max-min abundance range
in [Si/Fe]
204-205 I2 --- o_[Si/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Si/Fe]
207-212 F6.3 [Sun] [S/H] [-0.647/1.239] Average sulfur abundance
214-219 F6.3 [Sun] [S/Fe] [-0.523/1.034] Average S/Fe abundance (G3)
221-225 F5.3 [-] R[S/Fe] [0/1.178]? Max-min abundance range in [S/Fe]
227-228 I2 --- o_[S/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [S/Fe]
230-235 F6.3 [Sun] [Ca/H] [-1.262/0.958] Average calcium abundance
237-242 F6.3 [Sun] [Ca/Fe] [-0.252/0.649] Average Ca/Fe abundance (G3)
244-248 F5.3 [-] R[Ca/Fe] [0.001/0.541]? Max-min abundance range
in [Ca/Fe]
250-251 I2 --- o_[Ca/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Ca/Fe]
253-258 F6.3 [Sun] [Sc/H] [-1.124/1.11] Average scandium abundance
260-265 F6.3 [Sun] [Sc/Fe] [-0.166/0.745] Average Sc/Fe abundance (G3)
267-271 F5.3 [-] R[Sc/Fe] [0.007/1.462]? Max-min abundance range
in [Sc/Fe]
273-274 I2 --- o_[Sc/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Sc/Fe]
276-281 F6.3 [Sun] [Ti/H] [-0.927/0.731] Average titanium abundance
283-288 F6.3 [Sun] [Ti/Fe] [-0.564/0.566] Average Ti/Fe abundance (G3)
290-294 F5.3 [-] R[Ti/Fe] [0/0.553]? Max-min abundance range in [Ti/Fe]
296-297 I2 --- o_[Ti/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Ti/Fe]
299-304 F6.3 [Sun] [V/H] [-1.226/1.112] Average vanadium abundance
306-311 F6.3 [Sun] [V/Fe] [-0.863/1.028] Average V/Fe abundance (G3)
313-317 F5.3 [-] R[V/Fe] [0.001/0.921]? Max-min abundance range
in [V/Fe]
319-320 I2 --- o_[V/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [V/Fe]
322-327 F6.3 [Sun] [Cr/H] [-1.117/0.705] Average chromium abundance
329-334 F6.3 [Sun] [Cr/Fe] [-0.093/0.545] Average Cr/Fe abundance (G3)
336-340 F5.3 [-] R[Cr/Fe] [0/0.687]? Max-min abundance range in [Cr/Fe]
342-343 I2 --- o_[Cr/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Cr/Fe]
345-350 F6.3 [Sun] [Mn/H] [-1.791/0.663] Average manganese abundance
352-357 F6.3 [Sun] [Mn/Fe] [-0.501/0.355] Average Mn/Fe abundance (G3)
359-363 F5.3 [-] R[Mn/Fe] [0.001/1.367]? Max-min abundance range
in [Mn/Fe]
365-366 I2 --- o_[Mn/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Mn/Fe]
368-373 F6.3 [Sun] [Fe/H] [-1.29/0.451] Average iron abundance
375-379 F5.3 [-] R[Fe/H] [0.001/0.432]? Max-min abundance range
in [Fe/H]
381-382 I2 --- o_[Fe/H] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Fe/H]
384-389 F6.3 [Sun] [Co/H] [-0.578/1.07] Average cobalt abundance
391-396 F6.3 [Sun] [Co/Fe] [-0.215/1.277] Average Co/Fe abundance (G3)
398-402 F5.3 [-] R[Co/Fe] [0.002/1.044]? Max-min abundance range
in [Co/Fe]
404-405 I2 --- o_[Co/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Co/Fe]
407-412 F6.3 [Sun] [Ni/H] [-1.09/0.508] Average nickel abundance
414-419 F6.3 [Sun] [Ni/Fe] [-0.114/0.2] Average Ni/Fe abundance (G3)
421-425 F5.3 [-] R[Ni/Fe] [0.001/0.573]? Max-min abundance range
in [Ni/Fe]
427-428 I2 --- o_[Ni/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Ni/Fe]
430-435 F6.3 [Sun] [Cu/H] [-0.624/0.774]? Average copper abundance
437-442 F6.3 [Sun] [Cu/Fe] [-0.44/0.72]? Average Cu/Fe abundance (G3)
444-448 F5.3 [-] R[Cu/Fe] [0.003/1.024]? Max-min abundance range
in [Cu/Fe]
450-451 I2 --- o_[Cu/Fe] [1/16]? Number of phases used in [Cu/Fe]
453-458 F6.3 [Sun] [Zn/H] [-1.682/1.018]? Average copper abundance
460-465 F6.3 [Sun] [Zn/Fe] [-0.707/1.076]? Average Zn/Fe abundance (G3)
467-471 F5.3 [-] R[Zn/Fe] [0.006/1.767]? Max-min abundance range
in [Zn/Fe]
473-474 I2 --- o_[Zn/Fe] [1/19]? Number of phases used in [Zn/Fe]
476-481 F6.3 [Sun] [Rb/H] [-0.162/1.442]? Average rubidium abundance
483-487 F5.3 [Sun] [Rb/Fe] [0.546/1.134]? Average Rb/Fe abundance (G3)
489-493 F5.3 [-] R[Rb/Fe] ? Max-min abundance range in [Rb/Fe]
495 I1 --- o_[Rb/Fe] [1/1]? Number of phases used in [Rb/Fe]
497-502 F6.3 [Sun] [Sr/H] [-1.229/1.942]? Average strontium abundance
504-509 F6.3 [Sun] [Sr/Fe] [-0.866/2.015]? Average Sr/Fe abundance (G3)
511-515 F5.3 [-] R[Sr/Fe] [0.009/1.085]? Max-min abundance range
in [Sr/Fe]
517 I1 --- o_[Sr/Fe] [1/5]? Number of phases used in [Sr/Fe]
519-524 F6.3 [Sun] [Y/H] [-0.75/0.868] Average yttrium abundance
526-531 F6.3 [Sun] [Y/Fe] [-0.473/0.752] Average Y/Fe abundance (G3)
533-537 F5.3 [-] R[Y/Fe] [0/1.07]? Max-min abundance range in [Y/Fe]
539-540 I2 --- o_[Y/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Y/Fe]
542-547 F6.3 [Sun] [Zr/H] [-1.064/1.443] Average zirconium abundance
549-554 F6.3 [Sun] [Zr/Fe] [-0.701/1.457] Average Zr/Fe abundance (G3)
556-560 F5.3 [-] R[Zr/Fe] [0.002/1.857]? Max-min abundance range
in [Zr/Fe]
562-563 I2 --- o_[Zr/Fe] [1/18] Number of phases used in [Zr/Fe]
565-570 F6.3 [Sun] [Ba/H] [-1.076/0.681]? Average barium abundance
572-577 F6.3 [Sun] [Ba/Fe] [-0.674/0.661]? Average Ba/Fe abundance (G3)
579-583 F5.3 [-] R[Ba/Fe] [0.001/0.755]? ? Max-min abundance range
in [Ba/Fe]
585-586 I2 --- o_[Ba/Fe] [1/12]? Number of phases used in [Ba/Fe]
588-593 F6.3 [Sun] [La/H] [-0.976/0.659]? Average lanthanum abundance
595-600 F6.3 [Sun] [La/Fe] [-0.268/0.678]? Average La/Fe abundance (G3)
602-606 F5.3 [-] R[La/Fe] [0.004/0.899]? Max-min abundance range
in [La/Fe]
608-609 I2 --- o_[La/Fe] [1/19]? Number of phases used in [La/Fe]
611-616 F6.3 [Sun] [Ce/H] [-1.035/0.748] Average cerium abundance
618-623 F6.3 [Sun] [Ce/Fe] [-0.589/0.492] Average Ce/Fe abundance (G3)
625-629 F5.3 [-] R[Ce/Fe] [0.004/0.898]? Max-min abundance range
in [Ce/Fe]
631-632 I2 --- o_[Ce/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Ce/Fe]
634-639 F6.3 [Sun] [Nd/H] [-1.139/0.612] Average neodymium abundance
641-646 F6.3 [Sun] [Nd/Fe] [-0.506/0.351] Average Nd/Fe abundance (G3)
648-652 F5.3 [-] R[Nd/Fe] [0.001/0.887]? Max-min abundance range
in [Nd/Fe]
654-655 I2 --- o_[Nd/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Nd/Fe]
657-662 F6.3 [Sun] [Sm/H] [-1.163/1.29]? Average samarium abundance
664-669 F6.3 [Sun] [Sm/Fe] [-0.613/0.982]? Average Sm/Fe abundance (G3)
671-675 F5.3 [-] R[Sm/Fe] [0.002/1.094]? Max-min abundance range
in [Sm/Fe]
677-678 I2 --- o_[Sm/Fe] [1/15]? Number of phases used in [Sm/Fe]
680-685 F6.3 [Sun] [Eu/H] [-1.105/0.337] Average europium abundance
687-692 F6.3 [Sun] [Eu/Fe] [-0.742/0.394] Average Eu/Fe abundance (G3)
694-698 F5.3 [-] R[Eu/Fe] [0.003/1.221]? Max-min abundance range
in [Eu/Fe]
700-701 I2 --- o_[Eu/Fe] [1/19] Number of phases used in [Eu/Fe]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table11.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 A9 --- Name Name of Cepheid
11- 19 F9.6 d Per [1.49078/68.464] Period
21- 22 I2 --- N [5/20] Number of phases observed
24- 27 I4 K Teffavg [5108/6293] Average effective temperature over
cycle
29- 32 F4.2 cm/s2 Gavg [0.75/2.3] Average gravity over cycle
34- 37 F4.2 km/s Vtavg [2.41/4.79] Average microturbulent velocity over
cycle
39- 43 F5.2 km/s Vbavg [7.98/16.28] Average total broadening velocity
over cycle
45- 48 F4.2 [-] Feavg [7.37/7.75] Average total iron abundance
50- 53 F4.2 [-] Range [0.03/0.32] Range in determined iron abundance
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global notes:
Note (G1): Source code as follows:
S = McDonald Observatory 2.1m and Sandiford Echelle (Andrievsky et al. 2002,
J/A+A/381/32, 2002A&A...384..140A 2002A&A...384..140A, J/A+A/392/491; Luck et al.
2003A&A...401..939L 2003A&A...401..939L; Andrievsky et al. 2004 ,J/A+A/413/159;
Luck & Andrievsky 2004, J/AJ/128/343; Kovtyukh et al. 2005, J/AJ/129/433;
Andrievsky et al. 2005, J/AJ/130/1880; Luck et al. 2006, J/AJ/132/902;
Luck et al. 2008AJ....136...98L 2008AJ....136...98L);
H = HET-HRS (Luck & Lambert 2011, J/AJ/142/136);
M = McDonald 2.7m (Luck & Lambert 2011, J/AJ/142/136);
F1 = ESO/FEROS (Luck et al 2011, J/AJ/142/51);
F2 = ESO/FEROS (Luck 2014, J/AJ/147/137).
Note (G2): Relative to log(ε) of H=12.
Note (G3): With respect to the solar value.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 18-Mar-2019