J/AJ/158/187 Confirmed members of nearby young moving groups (Baron+, 2019)
Constraints on the occurrence and distribution of 1-20 MJup companions to
stars at separations of 5-5000 au from a compilation of direct imaging surveys.
Baron F., Lafreniere D., Artigau E., Gagne J., Rameau J., Delorme P.,
Naud M.-E.
<Astron. J., 158, 187-187 (2019)>
=2019AJ....158..187B 2019AJ....158..187B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, nearby ; Associations, stellar ; Spectral types ;
Proper motions ; Stars, distances ; Stars, masses ; Exoplanets
Keywords: Exoplanets - Direct imaging - Brown dwarfs
Abstract:
We present the first statistical analysis of exoplanet direct imaging
surveys combining adaptive optics (AO) imaging at small separations with
deep seeing-limited observations at large separations allowing us to study
the entire orbital separation domain from 5 to 5000 au simultaneously.
Our sample of 344 stars includes only confirmed members of nearby young
associations and is based on all AO direct-imaging detection limits readily
available online, with addition of our own previous seeing-limited surveys.
Assuming that the companion distribution in mass and a semimajor axis
follows a power-law distribution and adding a dependence on the mass
of the host star, such as
d2∝fMαaβ(M*/M☉)γdMda, we constrain
the parameters to obtain α=-0.18-0.65+0.77,
β=-1.43-0.24+0.23, and γ=0.62-0.50+0.56 at a 68%
confidence level, and we obtain f=0.11-0.05+0.11 for the overall planet
occurrence rate for companions with masses between 1 and 20 MJup in the
range of 5-5000 au. Thus, we find that occurrence of companions is
negatively correlated with a semimajor axis and companion mass (marginally)
but is positively correlated with the stellar host mass. Our inferred mass
distribution is in good agreement with other distributions found previously
from direct imaging surveys for planets and brown dwarfs, but is shallower
as a function of mass than the distributions inferred by radial velocity
surveys of gas giants in the 1-3 au range. This may suggest that planets
at these wide and very wide separations represent the low-mass tail of
the brown dwarfs and stellar companion distribution rather than an
extension of the distribution of the inner planets.
Description:
The catalogue contains a sample of stars that were observed by AO
direct-imaging planet searches, as well as by the seeing-limited PSYM-WIDE
(Naud et al. 2017, J/AJ/154/129) and WEIRD (Baron et al. 2018, J/AJ/156/137)
surveys, with the focus on the stars that are confirmed members of young
moving groups with ages of less than 300 Myr. The PSYM-WIDE survey
(Naud et al. 2017, J/AJ/154/129) observed 95 M dwarfs using seeing-limited
imaging, out of which only 10 were bona fide members of nearby young moving
groups, the others being nonconfirmed candidate members at the time of
publication. However, using the Gaia DR2 release (Gaia Collaboration et al.
2018, Cat. I/345) and the web tool BANYAN Σ from Gagne et al. (2018,
J/ApJ/856/23), the membership of 34 stars out of 85 candidates was
confirmed; see Table 2.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 130 344 Properties of the sample of bona fide members
table2.dat 52 34 Confirmed members from PSYM-WIDE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJ/670/1367 : Gemini Deep Planet Survey (Lafreniere+, 2007)
J/A+A/509/A52 : Search for companions with VLT/NACO (Chauvin+, 2010)
J/A+A/544/A9 : The International Deep Planet Survey. I. (Vigan+, 2012)
J/ApJ/785/47 : Sources around target stars in Upper Scorpius
(Lafreniere+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/454/593 : Young moving groups in solar neighbourhood (Bell+, 2015)
J/AJ/154/129 : PSYM-WIDE: planetary-mass companions to YMG members
(Naud+, 2017)
J/AJ/156/137 : Wide-orbit Exoplanet search with IR Direct imaging
(Baron+, 2018)
J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN Σ algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 25 A25 --- Name Star name
27- 28 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
30- 31 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
33- 38 F6.3 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
39 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
40- 41 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
43- 44 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
46- 50 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
51- 61 A11 --- SpType Spectral type
63- 69 F7.2 mas/yr pmRA [-603/415] Proper motion in Right Ascension,
pmRA*cosDE
71- 75 F5.2 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.03/20] Uncertainty in pmRA
77- 83 F7.2 mas/yr pmDE [-732.07/340.92] Proper motion in Declination
85- 89 F5.2 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.03/20] Uncertainty in pmDE
91- 94 A4 --- Assoc Association (G1)
96-102 F7.3 pc Dist [7.032/195.19] Distance
104-109 F6.3 pc e_Dist [0.002/42.29] Uncertainty in Dist
111-115 F5.2 Msun Mass [0/16] Stellar mass
117-130 A14 --- Surveys Previous survey(s) (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Survey as follows:
1 = Biller et al. (2007ApJS..173..143B 2007ApJS..173..143B);
2 = Chauvin et al. (2010, J/A+A/509/A52);
3 = Chauvin et al. (2015A&A...573A.127C 2015A&A...573A.127C);
4 = Heinze et al. (2010ApJ...714.1570H 2010ApJ...714.1570H);
5 = Kasper et al. (2007A&A...472..321K 2007A&A...472..321K);
6 = Lafreniere et al. (2007, J/ApJ/670/1367);
7 = Masciadri et al. (2005ApJ...625.1004M 2005ApJ...625.1004M);
8 = Meshkat et al. (2015ApJ...800....5M 2015ApJ...800....5M);
9 = Meshkat et al. (2015MNRAS.453.2533M 2015MNRAS.453.2533M);
10 = Rameau et al. (2013A&A...553A..60R 2013A&A...553A..60R);
11 = Vigan et al. (2012, J/A+A/544/A9);
12 = Naud et al. (2017, J/AJ/154/129);
13 = Lafreniere et al. (2014, J/ApJ/785/47);
14 = Baron et al. (2018, J/AJ/156/137).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 17 A17 --- 2MASS 2MASS name (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
19- 29 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
31- 41 F11.7 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
43 A1 --- l_Prob [>] Limit flag on Prob
44- 47 F4.1 % Prob [80/99.9] Membership probability
49- 52 A4 --- Assoc Association (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global notes:
Note (G1): Association as follows:
ABD = AB Doradus;
ARG = Argus;
BPIC = β Pictoris;
CAR = Carina;
CN = Carina-Near;
COL = Columba;
EPSC = ε Chamaeleontis;
HLY = Hercules-Lyra;
LCC = Lower Centaurus Crux;
OCT = Octans;
THA = Tucana-Horologium;
TWA = TW Hya;
US = Upper Scorpius.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 08-Jan-2020