J/AJ/160/209 K2 & TESS Synergy. I. Parameters & LC, 4 stars (Ikwut-Ukwa+, 2020)
The K2 and TESS Synergy.
I. Updated ephemerides and parameters for K2-114, K2-167, K2-237, and K2-261.
Ikwut-Ukwa M., Rodriguez J.E., Bieryla A., Vanderburg A.,
Mocnik T., Kane S.R., Quinn S.N., Colon K.D., Zhou G., Eastman J.D.,
Huang C.X., Latham D.W., Dotson J., Jenkins J.M., Ricker G.R., Seager S.,
Vanderspek R.K., Winn J.N., Barclay T., Barentsen G., Berta-Thompson Z.,
Charbonneau D., Dragomir D., Daylan T., Gunther M.N., Hedges C., Henze C.E.,
McDermott S., Schlieder J.E., Quintana E.V., Smith J.C., Twicken J.D.,
Yahalomi D.A.
<Astron. J., 160, 209 (2020)>
=2020AJ....160..209I 2020AJ....160..209I
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Photometry; Optical; Stars, masses; Stars, diameters;
Effective temperatures; Abundances, [Fe/H]; Stars, ages
Keywords: Exoplanets ; Transit photometry ; Transits ; Radial velocity
Abstract:
Although the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) primary
mission observed the northern and southern ecliptic hemispheres,
generally avoiding the ecliptic, and the Kepler space telescope during
the K2 mission could only observe near the ecliptic, many of the K2
fields extend far enough from the ecliptic plane that sections overlap
with TESS fields. Using photometric observations from both K2 and
TESS, combined with archival spectroscopic observations, we globally
modeled four known planetary systems discovered by K2 that were
observed in the first year of the primary TESS mission. Specifically,
we provide updated ephemerides and system parameters for K2-114b,
K2-167b, K2-237b, and K2-261b. These were some of the first K2 planets
to be observed by TESS in the first year and include three Jovian
sized planets and a sub-Neptune with orbital periods less than 12
days. In each case, the updated ephemeris significantly reduces the
uncertainty in prediction of future times of transit, which is
valuable for planning observations with the James Webb Space Telescope
and other future facilities. The TESS extended mission is expected to
observe about half of the K2 fields, providing the opportunity to
perform this type of analysis on a larger number of systems.
Description:
During its lifetime, K2 achieved similar precision to that of the
original four year Kepler prime mission. For each target, we extracted
the light curve from the target pixel files, calibrated by the Kepler
pipeline and accessed through the Mikulski Archive for Space
Telescopes (MAST).
All four of the K2 systems were preselected for 2 minute cadence
observations by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (K2-114b
was a Guest Investigator (GI) target, G011183, PI: Kane). Each system
was observed by Camera1 during one of TESS's ∼27day sectors. For each
target, we accessed the TESS light curves as generated by NASA's
Science Processing Operations Center (SPOC) pipeline through the
Lightkurve software package.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 979 5 Median values and 68% confidence interval for
global models
fig2.dat 63 134689 TESS and K2 transits for K2-114, K2-167, K2-237,
& K2-261
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See also:
I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
I/340 : UCAC5 Catalogue (Zacharias+ 2017)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJ/710/1724 : Follow-up photometry for HAT-P-11 (Bakos+, 2010)
J/ApJS/222/14 : Planetary candidates from 1st yr K2 mission (Vanderburg+, 2016)
J/AJ/154/142 : Corrected photometry GJ1132 for all eclipses (Dittmann+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/188 : Radial velocities & photometry of K2-114&K2-115 (Shporer+,2017)
J/AJ/156/277 : 60 validated planets from K2 campaigns 5-8 (Livingston+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/136 : Planets orbiting bright stars in K2 campaigns 0-10 (Mayo+,2018)
J/AJ/155/39 : Variability properties of TIC sources with KELT (Oelkers+,2018)
J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler planetary cand. VIII. DR25 reliability (Thompson+, 2018)
J/AJ/157/191 : Light curve & radial velocities for TOI-172 (Rodriguez+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 A6 --- ID Star identification
8 A1 --- f_ID [a] Flag on ID (1)
10- 14 F5.1 % Prob Confidence probability
16- 20 F5.3 Msun Mass Stellar mass
22- 26 F5.3 Msun e_Mass ? Negative error on mass, if different from
positive error
28- 32 F5.3 Msun E_Mass Positive error on mass
34- 38 F5.3 Rsun Rad Stellar radius
40- 44 F5.3 Rsun e_Rad ? Negative error on Rad, if different from
positive error
46- 50 F5.3 Rsun E_Rad Positive error on Rad
52- 56 F5.3 Lsun Lum Stellar luminosity
58- 62 F5.3 Lsun e_Lum Negative error on Lum
64- 68 F5.3 Lsun E_Lum Positive error on Lum
70- 74 F5.3 g/cm3 rho Stellar density (ρ)
76- 80 F5.3 g/cm3 e_rho Negative error on rho
82- 86 F5.3 g/cm3 E_rho Positive error on rho
88- 92 F5.3 [cm/s2] logg Surface gravity
94- 98 F5.3 [cm/s2] e_logg ? Negative error on logg, if different from
positive error
100-104 F5.3 [cm/s2] E_logg Positive error on logg
106-109 I4 K Teff Stellar effective temperature
111-113 I3 K e_Teff Negative error on Teff
115-117 I3 K E_Teff Positive error on Teff
119-123 F5.3 [-] [Fe/H] Metalllicity
125-129 F5.3 [-] e_[Fe/H] ? Negative error on [Fe/H], if different from
positive error
131-135 F5.3 [-] E_[Fe/H] Positive error on [Fe/H]
137-141 F5.3 [-] [Fe/H]0 Initiale metallicity
143-147 F5.3 [-] e_[Fe/H]0 ? Negative error on [Fe/H]0, if different from
positive error
149-153 F5.3 [-] E_[Fe/H]0 Positive error on [Fe/H]0
155-158 F4.2 Gyr Age Stellar age
160-163 F4.2 Gyr e_Age Negative error on Age
165-168 F4.2 Gyr E_Age Positive error on Age
170-174 F5.1 --- EEP Equal Evolutionary Phase
176-179 F4.1 --- e_EEP Negative error on EEP
181-184 F4.1 --- E_EEP Positive error on EEP
186-189 F4.2 mag AV ? V-band extinction
191-194 F4.2 mag e_AV ? Negative error on AV
196-199 F4.2 mag E_AV ? Positive error on AV
201-204 F4.2 --- SED ? SED photometry error scaling (σSED)
206-209 F4.2 --- e_SED ? Negative error on SED
211-214 F4.2 --- E_SED ? Positive error on SED
216-226 F11.8 d Per Planet b period
228-237 F10.8 d e_Per ? Negative error on Per, if different from
positive error
239-248 F10.8 d E_Per Positive error on Per
250-254 F5.3 Rjup Radp Planet b radius
256-260 F5.3 Rjup e_Radp ? Negative error on Radp, if different from
positive error
262-266 F5.3 Rjup E_Radp Positive error on Radp
268-272 F5.3 Mjup Massp ? Planet b mass
274-278 F5.3 Mjup e_Massp ? Negative error on Massp, if different from
positive error
280-284 F5.3 Mjup E_Massp ? Positive error on Massp
286-299 F14.6 d Tc Time of conjunction (BJD-TBD)
301-308 F8.6 d e_Tc ? Negative error on Tc, if different from
positive error
310-317 F8.6 d E_Tc Positive error on Tc
319-332 F14.6 d T0 Optimal conjunction (BJD-TBD)
334-341 F8.6 d e_T0 ? Negative error on T0, if different from
positive error
343-350 F8.6 d E_T0 Positive error on T0
352-359 F8.6 au a Planet b semi major axis
361-367 F7.5 au e_a ? Negative error on a, if different from
positive error
369-375 F7.5 au E_a Positive error on a
377-381 F5.2 deg i Planet b inclination
383-386 F4.2 deg e_i Negative error on i
388-391 F4.2 deg E_i Positive error on i
393-397 F5.3 --- e Planet b eccentricity
399-403 F5.3 --- e_e Negative error on e
405-409 F5.3 --- E_e Positive error on e
411-413 I3 deg omega Planet b argument of periastron (ω)
415-417 I3 deg e_omega ? Negative error on omega, if different from
positive error
419-421 I3 deg E_omega Positive error on omega
423-426 I4 K Teq Planet b equilibrium temperature
428-429 I2 K e_Teq ? Negative error on Teq, if different from
positive error
431-432 I2 K E_Teq Positive error on Teq
434-438 F5.1 m/s K ? Planet b radial velocity semi-amplitude
440-443 F4.1 m/s e_K ? Negative error on K
445-448 F4.1 m/s E_K ? Positive error on K
450-454 F5.3 [m/s] logK ? log of K
456-460 F5.3 [m/s] e_logK ? Negative error on logK
462-466 F5.3 [m/s] E_logK ? Positive error on logK
468-474 F7.5 --- Rp/R Ratio of planetary radius and stellar radius
476-482 F7.5 --- e_Rp/R Negative error on Rp/R
484-490 F7.5 --- E_Rp/R Positive error on Rp/R
492-496 F5.2 --- a/R Ratio of semi-major axis on stellar radius
498-501 F4.2 --- e_a/R Negative error on a/R
503-506 F4.2 --- E_a/R Positive error on a/R
508-515 F8.6 --- Depth Transit depth (δ), planet b
517-524 F8.6 --- e_Depth Negative error on Depth
526-533 F8.6 --- E_Depth Positive error on Depth
535-541 F7.5 d Dur-ie Ingress/egress transit duration (τ),
planet b
543-549 F7.5 d e_Dur-ie ? Negative error on Dur-ie, if different from
positive error
551-557 F7.5 d E_Dur-ie Positive error on Dur-ie
559-565 F7.5 d Dur Total transit duration (T14), planet b
567-573 F7.5 d e_Dur ? Negative error on Dur, if different from
positive error
575-581 F7.5 d E_Dur Positive error on Dur
583-589 F7.5 d Tfwhm FWHM transit duration, planet b
591-597 F7.5 d e_Tfwhm Negative error on Tfwhm
599-605 F7.5 d E_Tfwhm Positive error on Tfwhm
607-611 F5.3 --- b Transit impact parameter, planet b
613-616 F4.2 --- e_b Negative error on b
618-622 F5.3 --- E_b Positive error on b
624-628 F5.3 --- bs Eclipse impact parameter, planet b
630-634 F5.3 --- e_bs Negative error on bs
636-640 F5.3 --- E_bs Positive error on bs
642-648 F7.5 d Durs-ie Ingress/egress eclipse duration, planet b
650-656 F7.5 d e_Durs-ie Negative error on Durs_ie
658-663 F6.4 d E_Durs-ie Positive error on Durs-ie
665-670 F6.4 d Durs Total eclipse duration, planet b
672-677 F6.4 d e_Durs Negative error on Durs
679-685 F7.5 d E_Durs Positive error on Durs
687-692 F6.4 d Tsfwhm FWHM eclipse duration, planet b
694-699 F6.4 d e_Tsfwhm Negative error on Tsfwhm
701-706 F6.4 d E_Tsfwhm Positive error on Twfwhm
708-714 F7.2 ppm ds3.6 Blackbody eclipse depth at 3.6um, planet b
716-720 F5.2 ppm e_ds3.6 Negative error on ds3.6
722-726 F5.2 ppm E_ds3.6 Positive error on ds3.6
728-734 F7.2 ppm ds4.5 Blackbody eclipse depth at 4.5um, planet b
736-740 F5.2 ppm e_ds4.5 Negative error on ds4.5
742-746 F5.1 ppm E_ds4.5 Positive error on ds4.5
748-752 F5.3 g/cm3 rhop ? Planet b density
754-758 F5.3 g/cm3 e_rhop ? Negative error on rhop
760-764 F5.3 g/cm3 E_rhop ? Positive error on rhop
766-770 F5.3 [-] loggp ? Planet b surface gravity
772-776 F5.3 [-] e_loggp ? Negative error on loggp, if different from
positive error
778-782 F5.3 [-] E_loggp ? Positive error on loggp
784-789 F6.4 100W/cm2 Flux Incident flux (109erg/s/cm2), planet b
791-796 F6.4 100W/cm2 e_Flux Negative error on Flux
798-803 F6.4 100W/cm2 E_Flux Positive error on flux
805-814 F10.2 d Tp Planet b periastron time (BJD-TBD)
816-819 F4.2 d e_Tp ? Negative error on Tp, if different from
positive error
821-824 F4.2 d E_Tp Positive error on Tp
826-836 F11.3 d Tsp Planet b time of eclipse (BJD-TBD)
838-842 F5.3 d e_Tsp Negative error on Tsp
844-848 F5.3 d E_Tsp Positive error on Tsp
850-860 F11.3 d Tap Planet b ascending node time (BJD-TBD)
862-866 F5.3 d e_Tap ? Negative error on Tap, if different from
positive error
868-872 F5.3 d E_Tap Positive error on Tap
874-884 F11.3 d Tdp Planet b Descending node time (BJD-TBD)
886-890 F5.3 d e_Tdp Negative error on Tdp
892-896 F5.3 d E_Tdp Positive error on Tdp
898-903 F6.3 --- ecosw Orbit eccentricity, cosinus component
905-909 F5.3 --- e_ecosw ? Negative error on ecosw, if different from
positive error
911-915 F5.3 --- E_ecosw Positive error on ecosw
917-922 F6.3 --- esinw Orbit eccentricity, sinus component
924-928 F5.3 --- e_esinw Negative error on esinw
930-934 F5.3 --- E_esinw Positive error on esinw
936-940 F5.3 Mjup Mpsini ? Planet b minimum mass
942-946 F5.3 Mjup e_Mpsini ? Negative error on Mpsini, if different from
positive error
948-952 F5.3 Mjup E_Mpsini ? Positive error on Mpsini
954-961 F8.6 --- Mp/M ? Planet b and stellar mass ratio
963-970 F8.6 --- e_Mp/M ? Negative error on Mp/M, if different from
positive error
972-979 F8.6 --- E_Mp/M ? Positive error on Mp/M
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
a = The global solution for K2-261b showed a clear bimodality in the
host star's mass and age (see Figure 5 and Section 3.2). We
extract a solution and a probability for each peak, which are
both shown in the table. The lower stellar mass (and high age)
solution is significantly more likely, but both solutions are
presented for future studies on K2-261b. See Table 3 in
Eastman+, 2019, 2019arXiv190709480E 2019arXiv190709480E for a list of the derived and
fitted parameters in EXOFASTv2.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 A6 --- ID Star identifier
8- 11 A4 --- Obs [K2/TESS] Observatory identification
13-17 A5 --- Camp Campaign identification (1)
19- 30 F12.4 d BJD [2456979/2458653] Barycentric Julian Date
32- 41 F10.8 --- Flux [0.89/1.11] Normalized flux
43- 52 F10.8 --- FFlux [0.95/1.06] Flattened flux
54- 63 F10.8 --- e_Flux [0.00003/0.021] Uncertainty in Flux
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Note (1): Campaign as follows:
C03 = K2 campaign 3; 2014-Nov-17 to 2015-Jan-23
C05 = K2 campaign 5; 2015-Apr-27 to 2015-Jul-10
C11-1 = K2 campaign 11, part 1; 2016-Sep-26 to 2016-Dec-07
C11-2 = K2 campaign 11, part 2; 2016-Sep-26 to 2016-Dec-07
C14 = K2 campaign 14; 2017-Jun-02 to 2017-Aug-19
C18 = K2 campaign 18; 2018-May-13 to 2018-Jul-02
S2 = TESS sector 2; 2018-Aug-22 to 2018-Sep-20
S7 = TESS sector 7; 2019-Jan-07 to 2019-Feb-02
S9 = TESS sector 9; 2019-Feb-28 to 2019-Mar-26
S12 = TESS sector 12; 2019-May-21 to 2019-Jun-19
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Ikwut-Ukwa et al. Paper I. 2020AJ....160..209I 2020AJ....160..209I This catalog
Thygesen et al. Paper II. 2023AJ....165..155T 2023AJ....165..155T
Thygesen et al. Paper III. 2024AJ....168..161T 2024AJ....168..161T Cat. J/AJ/168/161
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 18-Jan-2021