J/AJ/161/164 Observation of 186 TESS stars with NESSI (WYIN) (Howell+, 2021)
Speckle observations of TESS exoplanet host stars: understanding the Binary
exoplanet host star orbital period Distribution.
Howell S.B., Matson R.A., Ciardi D.R., Everett M.E., Livingston J.H.,
Scott N.J., Horch E.P., Winn J.N.
<Astron. J., 161, 164 (2021)>
=2021AJ....161..164H 2021AJ....161..164H
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Photometry; Optical; Spectral types; Stars, masses;
Effective temperatures
Keywords: Exoplanets
Abstract:
We present high-resolution speckle interferometric imaging
observations of TESS exoplanet host stars using the NN-EXPLORE
Exoplanet and Stellar Speckle Imager instrument at the 3.5m WIYN
telescope. Eight TESS objects of interest that were originally
discovered by Kepler were previously observed using the Differential
Speckle Survey Instrument. Speckle observations of 186 TESS stars were
carried out, and 45 (24%) likely bound companions were detected. This
is approximately the number of companions we would expect to observe
given the established 46% binarity rate in exoplanet host stars. For
the detected binaries, the distribution of stellar mass ratio is
consistent with that of the standard Raghavan distribution and may
show a decrease in high-q systems as the binary separation increases.
The distribution of binary orbital periods, however, is not consistent
with the standard Ragahavan model, and our observations support the
premise that exoplanet-hosting stars with binary companions have, in
general, wider orbital separations than field binaries. We find that
exoplanet-hosting binary star systems show a distribution peaking near
100 au, higher than the 40-50au peak that is observed for field
binaries. This fact led to earlier suggestions that planet formation
is suppressed in close binaries.
Description:
Speckle observations presented in this paper were accomplished using
the NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet and Stellar Speckle Imager (NESSI)
high-resolution speckle imaging instrument mounted on the 3.5m WIYN
telescope located at Kitt Peak National Observatory. NESSI is a
dual-channel imager using high-speed readout EMCCD detectors with
plate scales of 0.0182"/pixel and a dichroic to split the optical
light at ∼700nm. The NESSI observations used a 562/40nm blue filter
and a 832/40nm red filter.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 63 186 TESS stars observed by NESSI at WIYN
table2.dat 59 45 TESS stars with close companions
table3.dat 98 186 Stellar parameters and companion space observable
with Speckle Imaging
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See also:
J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)
J/ApJ/728/117 : Kepler planetary candidates. I. (Borucki+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)
J/AJ/141/45 : Speckle observations of HIP stars (Horch+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/19 : Speckle observations of KOI (Howell+, 2011)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/ApJ/809/77 : Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (Sullivan+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/455/4212 : Pan-STARRS 1 occurrence in the Kepler field (Dacon+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/8 : Impact stellar multipl. on planetary systems I. (Kraus+, 2016)
J/AJ/156/102 : TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/292 : Effect of close companions on exoplanetary radii (Teske+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/259 : Robo-AO detected close binaries in Gaia DR2 (Ziegler+, 2018)
J/AJ/158/113 : Kepler-13AB aperture photometry (Howell+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/211 : Unresolved binaries in TESS with speckle imaging (Matson+,2019)
J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)
J/AJ/161/21 : 383 KOIs interferometry with WIYN (Colton+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 13 A13 --- TOI Target identifier
15- 16 A2 --- f_TOI Flag on TOI (1)
18- 21 F4.1 mag Gmag [6.8/15.4]? Gaia magnitude
23- 27 I5 K Teff [2950/13079]? Effective temperature
29- 34 F6.1 pc Dist [20.2/6862.4]? Distance
36- 37 I2 "month" Obs.M UT month of observation
39- 40 I2 d Obs.D UT day of observation
42- 43 I2 yr Obs.Y [10/20] UT year of observation (+2000)
45- 48 F4.2 mag 562Dmag0.2 [2.3/4.86] 5σΔ magnitude contrast
limit at 562nm and 0.2"
50- 53 F4.2 mag 562Dmag1.0 [3.13/6.69] 5σΔ magnitude contrast
limit at 562nm and 1.0"
55- 58 F4.2 mag 832Dmag0.2 [2.28/4.83] 5σΔ magnitude contrast
limit at 832nm and 0.2"
60- 63 F4.2 mag 832Dmag1.0 [3.15/7.8] 5σΔ magnitude contrast
limit at 822nm and 1.0"
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Note (1): Flags as follows:
a = HATS-3
b = HATS-14
c = Match in Gaia DR2, but no parallax. Distance from ExoFOP.
d = Duplicate entry in TIC; TIC93125144 is TIC708525747; TOI523 assigned
to TIC93125144, but Gaia parameters are TIC708525747
e = K2-78: possible false positive
f = K2-261
g = WASP-55
h = HAT-P-11/Kepler-3: data taken with DSSI in 692 and 880nm filters
i = Duplicate entry in TIC: TOI1152 assigned to TIC237184773; Gaia DR2 has
two sources 1" apart. Distance from Gaia DR2 query:
GaiaDR22094001134684220800 and 2094001138979921408. Distance is from
Gaia DR2 2094001134684220800
j = Kepler-13; TOI1161 associated with TIC158324245, but this is resolved by
Gaia as two stars, Gaia DR2 2130632159134827392 and 2130632159130638464,
which are associated with TIC1717079071 and TIC1717079066. Data taken in
562 and 880nm.
k = Duplicate entry in TIC; TIC13419950 is TIC1969293164; TOI1162 assigned
to TIC13419950, but Gaia parameters are TIC1969293164.
l = Duplicate entry in TIC; TIC375542276 is TIC1847139036; TOI1163 assigned
to TIC1847139036, but Gaia parameters are TIC1847139036
m = No Gaia information in TIC. Distance from Gaia DR2 query:
Gaia DR2 2019824786095520128
n = Kepler-25: data taken with DSSI in 692 and 880nm filters
o = KOI5
p = HAT-P-7/Kepler-2: data taken with DSSI in 692 and 880nm filters
q = Kepler-14: data taken with DSSI in 692 and 880nm filters; Gaia magnitude
calculated from B-V; distance from Buchhave+, 2011ESS.....2.1917B 2011ESS.....2.1917B.
r = Kepler-68: data taken with DSSI in 562 and 692 nm filters
s = TOI1305 (TIC232679662) is TOI1172 (TIC1717732429): possible nearby
eclipsing binary confusing the signal.
t = No Gaia information in TIC. Distance from Gaia DR2 query:
Gaia DR2 2155491910878597376
u = TESS magnitude given instead of Gaia magnitude; effective temperature
and distance from ExoFOP
v = TIC/Gaia DR2 has Gaia magnitude but no parallax.
w = No Gaia DR2 values in TIC; TOI1385 is HD211030 & is a known double star
x = TOI1393 associated with TIC430528566, but this is resolved by Gaia as
two stars, Gaia DR2 2004338577092552192 and 2004338572785772800, which
are associated with TIC2014876481 and TIC201487661
y = Gaia DR2 only has magnitude with no parallax measurement.
z = K2-167
aa = Kepler-63: data taken with DSSI in 562 and 692nm filters
ab = WASP-107/K2-235; data taken in 562 and 832 nm.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- TOI Target identifier
10 A1 --- f_TOI Flag on TOI (1)
12- 16 F5.3 arcsec Sep562 [0.08/2.38]? Separation at 562nm
18- 24 F7.3 deg PA562 [26.1/345]? Position Angle at 562nm
26- 30 F5.3 mag Dmag562 [0.19/5.26]? Differential magnitude at 562nm
32- 36 F5.3 arcsec Sep832 [0.04/2.37] Separation at 832nm
38- 44 F7.3 deg PA832 [25.05/347] Position Angle at 832nm
46- 50 F5.3 mag Dmag832 [0.14/6.59] Differential magnitude at 832nm
52- 57 F6.1 au Sep [7/1882] Separation
59 A1 --- f_Sep Flag on Sep (1)
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Note (1): Flags as follows:
a = These TOIs were observed multiple times in which the companion was
detected. Variations between filters and observations were: TOI1163
(nine times), Sep.±0.042; PA±0.041; ΔMag±0.52 (the
ranges given include both companion stars). TOI1387 (two times),
Sep.±0.021; PA±0.053; ΔMag±0.45. TOI1324 (four
times), Sep.±0.009; PA±3.29; ΔMag±0.13.
b = The filters used were r and i instead of 562 and 832nm, respectively.
Two companions were detected.
c = This value is calculated using the spectroscopic parallax estimated
from the Table1 stellar parameters.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- TOI Target identifier
15 A1 --- f_Teff Flag on Teff (1)
17- 21 I5 K Teff [2950/13079] Effective temperature
23- 27 F5.2 mag Vmag [6.91/16.54] V-band magnitude
29- 33 F5.2 mag Tmag [6.44/14.15] TESS magnitude
35- 41 F7.2 pc Dist [20.19/68623]? Distance
43- 47 A5 --- SpT spectral type (2)
49- 53 F5.3 Msun Mass [0.09/3.59] Mass inteerpolated (3)
55- 59 A5 --- SpTcomp4 Companion spectral type Δmv=4
61- 65 A5 --- SpTcomp6 Companion spectral type Δmv=6
67- 71 F5.3 --- Comp [0.509/1]? Component
73- 78 F6.2 au Sepmin [0.82/278]? Minimum separation
80- 86 F7.2 au Sepmax [24.22/8235]? Maximum separation
88- 92 F5.3 --- Distr [0.04/0.89]? Distribution
94- 98 F5.3 --- Speck [0.03/0.89]? Speckle
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Note (1): Flags as follows:
a = The Teff was not given in ExoFOP but was estimated using the available
magnitudes
Note (2): Spectral type from the modern mean dwarf stellar color and effective
temperature sequence based on Teff.
Note (3): Mass interpolated from the modern mean dwarf stellar color and
effective temperature sequence using R*, if available, and Teff.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by Coralie Fix [CDS], 09-Sep-2021