J/AJ/161/190 Radial Velocities of binary population in M67 (Geller+, 2021)
Stellar radial velocities in the old open cluster M67 (NGC2682).
II. The spectroscopic binary population.
Geller A.M., Mathieu R.D., Latham D.W., Pollack M., Torres G., Leiner E.M.
<Astron. J., 161, 190-190 (2021)>
=2021AJ....161..190G 2021AJ....161..190G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open; Stars, double and multiple; Radial velocities;
Spectra, optical; Cross identifications
Keywords: Spectroscopic binary stars; Binary stars; Radial velocity
Open star clusters; Star clusters; Solar analogs; Catalogs
Observational astronomy
Abstract:
We present and analyze 120 spectroscopic binary and triple cluster
members of the old (4Gyr) open cluster M67 (NGC2682). As a cornerstone
of stellar astrophysics, M67 is a key cluster in the WIYN Open Cluster
Study (WOCS); radial-velocity (RV) observations of M67 are ongoing and
extend back over 45yr, incorporating data from seven different
telescopes, and allowing us to detect binaries with orbital periods
≲104days. Our sample contains 1296 stars (604 cluster members) with
magnitudes of 10≲V≲16.5 (about 1.3-0.7M☉), from the giants down
to ∼4mag below the main-sequence turnoff, and extends in radius to 30'
(7.4pc at a distance of 850pc, or ∼7 core radii). This paper focuses
primarily on the main-sequence binaries, but orbital solutions are
also presented for red giants, yellow giants, and sub-subgiants. Out
to our period detection limit and within our magnitude and spatial
domain, we find a global main-sequence incompleteness-corrected binary
fraction of 34%±3%, which rises to 70%±17% in the cluster
center. We derive a tidal circularization period of
Pcirc=11.0-1.0+1.1days. We also analyze the
incompleteness-corrected distributions of binary orbital elements and
masses. The period distribution rises toward longer periods. The
eccentricity distribution, beyond Pcirc, is consistent with a
uniform distribution. The mass-ratio distribution is also consistent
with a uniform distribution. Overall, these M67 binaries are closely
consistent with similar binaries in the galactic field, as well as
with the old (7Gyr) open cluster NGC188WOCS83.
Description:
Our Radial Velocity (RVel) survey of M67 began using the CfA Digital
Speedometers (DS) on the Multi Mirror Telescope (MMT) and the 1.5m
Tillinghast Reflector of the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, both
on Mount Hopkins, Arizona. A third DS was later commissioned at the
1.5m Wyeth Reflector at Oak Ridge Observatory in the Town of Harvard,
Massachusetts, where M67 data were also collected. Earlier RV data
from the Palomar Hale 5m observatory and the CORAVEL instrument at
Haute-Provence were also added to the sample. Subsequently,
observational facilities were expanded to include the Tillinghast
Reflector Echelle Spectrograph (TRES). Observations of M67 with the
Hydra MOS on the WIYN 3.5m began on 2005 January 15 and continue to
the present day.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 123 13981 Radial-Velocity data table
table2.dat 148 83 Orbital parameters for M67 single-lined binaries
table3.dat 198 31 Orbital parameters for M67 double-lined binaries
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See also:
J/AJ/135/2264 : Stellar radial velocities in NGC 188 (Geller+, 2008)
J/AJ/137/3743 : Spectroscopic binary orbits in NGC 188 (Geller+, 2009)
J/AJ/138/159 : NGC6819 stellar radial-velocity and photometry (Hole+, 2009)
J/AJ/139/1383 : Radial velocities in M35 (NGC 2168) (Geller+, 2010)
J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)
J/AJ/150/10 : WOCS. LXVI. Radial velocity survey in M35 (Leiner+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/97 : Radial velocities in M67.I. 1278 candidate memb. (Geller+,2015)
J/AJ/160/169 : WOCS LXXXII. Orbital parameters & RVs in NGC 7789 (Nine+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/503/236 : UVIT catalog & membership of 6 open clusters (Jadhav+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- WOCS WOCS identifier
7- 11 A5 --- XID Cross-match identifier (1)
13- 14 I2 h RAh [08] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
16- 17 I2 min RAm [45/54] Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
19- 23 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
25 A1 --- DE- [+] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
26- 27 I2 deg DEd [11/12] Degree of Declination (J2000)
29- 30 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
32- 36 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
38- 47 F10.4 d HJD [40951/58900] Heliocentric Julian Date HJD-2400000
49- 50 A2 --- Tel Telescope and intrument pair code (2)
52- 58 F7.2 km/s RVel1 [-151/222]?=9999.00 Primary heliocentric radial
velocity
60- 65 F6.2 km/s RVel2 [-53.9/131]? Secondary heliocentric radial
velocity
67- 71 F5.2 km/s RVel3 [25.8/33.9]? Tertiary heliocentric radial velocity
73- 77 F5.2 km/s e_RVel1 [0.05/10]? Uncertainty in RV1 (3)
79- 82 F4.2 --- Height [0.4/1.1]? Primary cross-correlation peak height
(4)
84- 89 F6.2 km/s O-C1 [-10.1/13]? Primary orbital solution residual
91- 96 F6.2 km/s O-C2 [-14.7/22.2]? Secondary orbital solution residual
98-103 F6.2 km/s O-C1o [-11.1/10.3]? Outer orbit primary orbital solution
residual
105-109 F5.2 km/s O-C2o [-5.34/5.24]? Outer orbit secondary orbital
solution residual
111-116 F6.4 --- Phase [0.0003/1]? Orbital phase
118-123 F6.4 --- Phaseo [0.02/0.98]? Outer orbit orbital phase
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Note (1): If available the cross-reference ID is taken from
Sanders+, 1977A&AS...27...89S 1977A&AS...27...89S and denoted by the prefix "S". If there
is no Sanders+, 1977 source match, we provide the Montgomery,
Marschall & Janes, 1993, J/AJ/106/181 ID, if available, denoted by the
prefix "M". If both of those studies lack a source match, we provide
the Fan+, 1996, J/AJ/112/628 IDs, if available, denoted by the prefix
"F". If all of these studies lack this source, we provide the
Yadav+, 2008, J/A+A/484/609 ID, if available, denoted by the prefix
"Y". For all sources, we also provide their RA and Dec. positions for
matching to other catalogs.
Note (2): Instruments as follow:
P = Palomar Hale 5m; 363 occurrences
TD = Tillinghast 1.5m+DS; 4042 occurrences
C = CORAVEL; 92 occurrences
MD = MMT+DS; 1708 occurrences
WD = Wyeth 1.5m+DS; 328 occurrences
WH = WIYN + Hydra; 6767 occurrences
TT = Tillinghast 1.5m+TRES; 679 occurrences
Note (3): For CfA single-lined stars only.
Note (4): For WIYN single-lined stars only.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- WOCS WOCS identifier
7- 12 A6 --- XID Cross-match identifier (1)
14- 25 F12.6 d Per [2.66/14800] Orbital period
27- 36 F10.6 d e_Per [0.000001/800] Uncertainty in P
38- 43 F6.1 --- NCyc [0.8/5224] Number of orbital cycles covered
45- 49 F5.2 km/s gamma [32.2/35.7] Center-of-mass radial velocity of
binary
51- 54 F4.2 km/s e_gamma [0.05/1.4] Uncertainty in gamma
56- 60 F5.2 km/s K [0.98/68.3] Radial velocity semi-amplitude
62- 65 F4.2 km/s e_K [0.07/4] Uncertainty in K
67- 71 F5.3 --- e [0.004/0.89] Eccentricity
73- 77 F5.3 --- e_e [0.003/0.14] Uncertainty in e
79- 83 F5.1 deg omega [14/360] Longitude of periastron
85- 89 F5.1 deg e_omega [0.9/140] Uncertainty in omega
91- 98 F8.2 d T0 [45539/57823] Julian date of periastron nearest
to average date of observations
100-105 F6.2 d e_T0 [0.05/600] Uncertainty in T0
107-114 F8.3 10+6km asini [0.25/1492] Projected semi-major axis
116-122 F7.3 10+6km e_asini [0.007/190] Uncertainty in asini
124-130 E7.2 solMass fmass [6.30e-5/6.20e-1] Mass function
132-138 E7.2 solMass e_fmass [0.50e-5/0.70e-1] Uncertainty in fmass
140-143 F4.2 km/s RMS [0.29/3.17] RMS of orbital solution velocity
residuals
145-148 I4 --- NRVel [12/111] Number of RVel measurements
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): If available the cross-reference ID is taken from
Sanders+, 1977A&AS...27...89S 1977A&AS...27...89S and denoted by the prefix "S". If there
is no Sanders+, 1977 source match, we provide the Montgomery,
Marschall & Janes, 1993, J/AJ/106/181 ID, if available, denoted by the
prefix "M". If both of those studies lack a source match, we provide
the Fan+, 1996, J/AJ/112/628 IDs, if available, denoted by the prefix
"F". If all of these studies lack this source, we provide the
Yadav+, 2008, J/A+A/484/609 ID, if available, denoted by the prefix
"Y". For all sources, we also provide their RA and Dec. positions for
matching to other catalogs.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- WOCS WOCS identifier
7- 12 A6 --- XID Cross-match identifier (1)
14- 24 F11.6 d Per [1.36/1047] Orbital period
26- 33 F8.6 d e_Per [0.000005/1.8] Uncertainty in P
35- 40 F6.1 --- NCyc [6.9/3495] Number of orbital cycles covered
42- 46 F5.2 km/s gamma [32.7/35] Center-of-mass radial velocity of
binary
48- 51 F4.2 km/s e_gamma [0.04/0.6] Uncertainty in gamma
53- 57 F5.2 km/s K1 [13.4/73.6] Primary radial velocity
semi-amplitude
59- 62 F4.2 km/s e_K1 [0.07/1.2] Uncertainty in K1
64- 68 F5.2 km/s K2 [13.1/85.5] Secondary radial velocity
semi-amplitude
70- 73 F4.2 km/s e_K2 [0.15/2.4] Uncertainty in K2
75- 80 F6.4 --- e [0.001/0.74] Eccentricity
82- 87 F6.4 --- e_e [0.002/0.03] Uncertainty in e
89- 93 F5.1 deg omega [30/352] Longitude of periastron
95- 99 F5.1 deg e_omega [0.6/200] Uncertainty in omega
101-108 F8.2 d T0 [46102/57436] Julian date of periastron
nearest to average date of observations
110-113 F4.2 d e_T0 [0.03/9] Uncertainty in T0
115-121 F7.3 10+6km asini1 [0.47/182] Projected primary semi-major axis
123-127 F5.3 10+6km e_asini1 [0.006/5] Uncertainty in asini1
129-135 F7.3 10+6km asini2 [0.56/177] Projected secondary semi-major axis
137-141 F5.3 10+6km e_asini2 [0.01/5] Uncertainty in asini2
143-148 F6.4 solMass msin3i1 [0.01/1.22] Projected primary mass
150-155 F6.4 solMass e_msin3i1 [0.0007/0.2] Uncertainty in msin3(i)1
157-162 F6.4 solMass msin3i2 [0.01/0.99] Projected secondary mass
164-169 F6.4 solMass e_msin3i2 [0.0005/0.09] Uncertainty in msin3(i)2
171-175 F5.3 --- q [0.61/1.03] Mass ratio; secondary/primary
177-181 F5.3 --- e_q [0.005/0.05] Uncertainty in q
183-186 F4.2 km/s sigma1 [0.21/4.46] RMS of primary orbital solution
velocity residuals
188-191 F4.2 km/s sigma2 [0.5/8.55] RMS of secondary orbital solution
velocity residuals
193-194 I2 --- NRVel1 [12/52] Number of primary RVel measurements
196-198 I3 --- NRVel2 [7/52] Number of secondary RVel measurements
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The cross-reference ID is taken from Sanders+, 1977A&AS...27...89S 1977A&AS...27...89S
and denoted by the prefix "S".
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Geller et al. Paper I : 2015AJ....150...97G 2015AJ....150...97G cat. J/AJ/150/97
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 08-Jul-2021