J/AJ/161/265 Compared rotation periods for 1189 CKS host stars (David+, 2021)
Evolution of the exoplanet size distribution: forming large super-Earths over
billions of years.
David T.J., Contardo G., Sandoval A., Angus R., Lu Y., Bedell M.,
Curtis J.L., Foreman-mackey D., Fulton B.J., Grunblatt S.K., Petigura E.A.
<Astron. J., 161, 265-265 (2021)>
=2021AJ....161..265D 2021AJ....161..265D (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets
Keywords: Exoplanets; Exoplanet evolution; Exoplanet astronomy; Super Earths
Mini Neptunes
Abstract:
The radius valley, a bifurcation in the size distribution of small,
close-in exoplanets, is hypothesized to be a signature of planetary
atmospheric loss. Such an evolutionary phenomenon should depend on the
age of the star-planet system. In this work, we study the temporal
evolution of the radius valley using two independent determinations of
host star ages among the California-Kepler Survey (CKS) sample. We
find evidence for a wide and nearly empty void of planets in the
period-radius diagram at the youngest system ages (≲2-3Gyr)
represented in the CKS sample. We show that the orbital period
dependence of the radius valley among the younger CKS planets is
consistent with that found among those planets with asteroseismically
determined host star radii. Relative to previous studies of
preferentially older planets, the radius valley determined among the
younger planetary sample is shifted to smaller radii. This result is
compatible with an atmospheric loss timescale on the order of
gigayears for progenitors of the largest observed super-Earths. In
support of this interpretation, we show that the planet sizes that
appear to be unrepresented at ages ≲2-3Gyr are likely to correspond
to planets with rocky compositions. Our results suggest that the size
distribution of close-in exoplanets and the precise location of the
radius valley evolve over gigayears.
Description:
The overall California-Kepler Survey (CKS) VII sample contains 1913
planets orbiting 1189 unique stellar hosts. We supplemented the CKS
sample with stellar rotation periods, compiled from the literature. In
order to perform an accurate rotation-based selection, it is
imperative to have reliable rotation periods. To this end, we
performed visual vetting of the full Kepler light curves for each star
in the CKS sample (see section 2.1 for more details).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 56 1189 Rotation periods of KOIs in CKS VII sample
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See also:
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJS/199/30 : Effective temperature scale for KIC stars (Pinsonneault+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/422/2024 : X-ray-age relation & exoplanet evaporation (Jackson+, 2012)
J/ApJ/775/L11 : Stellar rotation periods for KOIs (McQuillan+, 2013)
J/ApJ/776/26 : RRab stars in the Orphan stream distances (Sesar+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/436/1883 : Properties of KOI host stars (Walkowicz+, 2013)
J/ApJ/787/47 : 106 Kepler ultra-short-period planets (Sanchis-Ojeda+, 2014)
J/ApJ/801/3 : Rotation periods for Q3-Q14 KOIs (Mazeh+, 2015)
J/ApJ/809/8 : Terrestrial planet occurrence rates KOI stars (Burke+, 2015)
J/ApJ/813/100 : Deep GALEX NUV survey of the Kepler field. I. (Olmedo+, 2015)
J/ApJS/217/31 : Kepler planetary candidates. VI. 4yr Q1-Q16 (Mullally+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/452/2127 : Fundamental parameters Kepler stars (Silva Aguirre+, 2015)
J/ApJ/822/86 : False positive probabilities Q1-Q17 DR24 KOIs (Morton+, 2016)
J/AJ/153/71 : Kepler follow-up observation program I. Imaging (Furlan+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/108 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). II. Properties (Johnson+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/109 : California-Kepler Survey. III. Planet radii (Fulton+, 2017)
J/ApJ/844/102 : KIC star plxs from asteroseismology vs Gaia (Huber+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/89 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). IV. Planets (Petigura+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/18 : APOGEE DR14:Binary comp. of evolved stars (Price-Whelan+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/474/2094 : Inferring proba stellar rotation periods (Angus+, 2018)
J/ApJ/875/29 : Spectroscopic analysis of the CKS sample. I. (Martinez+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/211 : Exoplanets parameters from Kepler and K2 (Cloutier+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/280 : Gaia-Kepler stellar prop catalog.I. KIC stars (Berger+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/108 : Gaia-Kepler stellar prop catalog. II. Planets (Berger+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 I4 --- KOI Kepler Object of Interest identifier
6- 13 I8 --- KIC ? Kepler Input Catalog identifier
15- 19 F5.2 d Prot [1.54/45.7]? Rotation period
21- 23 A3 --- r_Prot Reference for Prot (1)
25 I1 --- f_Prot [0/3] Reliability flag for Prot (2)
27- 31 F5.2 d A18Per [1.1/64.4]? Angus+, 2018, J/MNRAS/474/2094 rotation
period
33- 37 F5.2 d M13Per [1.34/44.6]? McQuillan+, 2013, J/ApJ/775/L11
rotation period
39- 44 F6.2 d M15Per [0.14/154]? Mazeh+, 2015, J/ApJ/801/3 rotation
period
46- 50 F5.2 d W13Per [0/44]? Walkowicz & Basri, 2013MNRAS.426.1883W 2013MNRAS.426.1883W
rotation period
52- 56 F5.2 d D21Per [1.34/50]? This work's rotation period
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Note (1): References as follows:
A18 = Angus+, 2018, J/MNRAS/474/2094
D21 = This work
M15 = Mazeh+, 2015, J/ApJ/801/3
M13 = McQuillan+, 2013, J/ApJ/775/L11
W13 = Walkowicz & Basri, 2013MNRAS.426.1883W 2013MNRAS.426.1883W
Note (2): Flags as follows:
3 = highly reliable (267 occurrences)
2 = reliable (273 occurrences)
1 = true period could not be unambiguously determined (402 occurrences)
0 = no periodicity evident (247 occurrences)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 10-Aug-2021