J/AJ/161/78 Astrometry for 14 debris disk stars with SPHERE (Matthews+, 2021)
Three new late-type stellar companions to very dusty WISE debris disks
identified with SPHERE imaging.
Matthews E.C., Hinkley S., Stapelfeldt K., Vigan A., Mawet D.,
Crossfield I.J.M., David T.J., Mamajek E., Meshkat T., Morales F.,
Padgett D.
<Astron. J., 161, 78 (2021)>
=2021AJ....161...78M 2021AJ....161...78M
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Stars, M-type; Positional data; Infrared
Keywords: Exoplanets ; Extrasolar gas giants ; Debris disks ;
Circumstellar disks ; Planetesimals ; Direct imaging ;
Coronagraphic imaging
Abstract:
Debris disk stars are good targets for high-contrast imaging searches
for planetary systems, since debris disks have been shown to have a
tentative correlation with giant planets. We selected 20 stars
identified as debris disk hosts by the WISE mission, with particularly
high levels of warm dust. We observed these with the VLT/SPHERE
high-contrast imaging instrument with the goal of finding planets and
imaging the disks in scattered light. Our survey reaches a median
5σ sensitivity of 10.4MJ at 25au and 5.9MJ at 100au. We
identified three new stellar companions (HD18378B, HD19257B, and
HD133778B): two are mid-M-type stars and one is a late-K or early-M
star. Three additional stars have very widely separated stellar
companions (all at >2000au) identified in the Gaia catalog. The stars
hosting the three SPHERE-identified companions are all older
(≳700Myr), with one having recently left the main sequence and one a
giant star. We infer that the high volumes of dust observed around
these stars has been caused by a recent collision between the planets
and planetesimal belts in the system, although for the most evolved
star, mass loss could also be responsible for the infrared excess.
Future mid-infrared spectroscopy or polarimetric imaging may allow the
positions and spatial extent of these dust belts to be constrained,
thereby providing evidence as to the true cause of the elevated levels
of dust around these old systems. None of the disks in this survey is
resolved in scattered light.
Description:
We observed each target using the Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast
Exoplanet REsearch (SPHERE) instrument at the Very Large Telescope
(VLT). We used the IRDIFS configuration, which allows simultaneous
imaging with both the IRDIS and IFS subsystems. The IRDIS subsystem
provides imaging over a relatively large field of view (11x12.5"),
while the IFS instrument provides spectra for a smaller field of view
(1.73x1.73", R∼50). IRDIS was used in dual-band imaging mode with the
H23 filter pair (λ=1588.8nm, Δλ=53.1nm and
lambda=1667.1nm, Δλ=55.6nm), while the IFS was used in
the YJ mode, which covers λ=0.95-1.35µm and has 39 distinct
wavelength channels.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 83 319 Astrometry for each individual candidate at each
epoch
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See also:
III/135 : Henry Draper Catalogue and Extension (Cannon+ 1918-1924; ADC1989)
I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)
II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)
I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
V/117 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood (Holmberg+,2007)
J/A+AS/85/915 : Walraven Photometry southern OB associations (de Geus+,1990)
J/A+AS/104/429 : uvby Photometry of G-type dwarfs (Olsen 1994)
J/ApJS/99/135 : Rotation and Spectral Peculiarities (Abt+ 1995)
J/AJ/117/354 : OB associations from Hipparcos (de Zeeuw+, 1999)
J/ApJ/541/841 : UBV photometry and ages of Trapezium systems (Abt+, 2000)
J/MNRAS/313/43 : OB association members in ACT+TRC Catalogs (Hoogerwerf, 2000)
J/ApJ/620/1010 : Spitzer 24µm photometry of A dwarfs (Rieke+, 2005)
J/ApJ/653/675 : Spitzer 24µm photometry of A dwarfs (Su+, 2006)
J/A+A/460/695 : Search for Associations Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)
J/ApJ/660/1556 : Characterization of dusty debris disks (Rhee+, 2007)
J/ApJS/168/297 : Stellar parameters of nearby cool stars (Takeda+, 2007)
J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/416/3108 : Membership of Sco OB2 moving group (Rizzuto+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/410/190 : Young runaway stars within 3kpc (Tetzlaff+, 2011)
J/ApJ/756/133 : ScoCen debris disks around B- and A-type stars (Chen+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/426/91 : Kepler stars with infrared excess (Kennedy+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/427/343 : Infrared excesses of Hipparcos stars (McDonald+, 2012)
J/ApJ/745/147 : Binaries among debris disk stars (Rodriguez+, 2012)
J/A+A/537/A120 : Rotational velocities of A-type stars. IV. (Zorec+, 2012)
J/ApJS/208/29 : HIP stars with 22µm excess (Wu+, 2013)
J/ApJS/211/25 : Spitzer/IRS debris disk catalog. I. (Chen+, 2014)
J/ApJS/212/10 : WISE IR excesses for stars within 75pc (Patel+, 2014)
J/ApJ/794/146 : M dwarfs with IR excess (Theissen+, 2014)
J/ApJ/804/146 : Atmospheric parameters for nearby B-F stars (David+, 2015)
J/ApJS/225/15 : IR excess stars from Tycho-2 and AllWISE (Cotten+, 2016)
J/A+A/594/A63 : International Deep Planet Survey results (Galicher+, 2016)
J/A+A/591/A108 : HD61005 SPHERE H and Ks images (Olofsson+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/461/794 : Scorpius-Centaurus K-Type Stars (Pecaut+, 2016)
J/A+A/587/A57 : HR 8799e and HR 8799d spectra (Zurlo+, 2016)
J/AJ/154/245 : Imaging survey Spitzer-detected debris disks (Meshkat+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/165 : Collisions of terrestrial worlds (Theissen+, 2017)
J/A+A/603/A3 : VLT/NaCo Large program. IV. Statistical analysis (Vigan+,2017)
J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN Σ algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)
J/ApJ/868/43 : AO images of WISE YSO candidates (Silverberg+, 2018)
J/A+A/624/A87 : Discovery of a resolved disk around Wray 15-788 (Bohn+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/13 : The first 300 stars observed by the GPIES (Nielsen+, 2019)
J/AJ/160/24 : Circumstellar dust of 104 stars with GPIES (Esposito+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- Name Target identification
10- 13 I4 yr Obs.Y [2015/2018] Observation date, year
15- 16 I2 "month" Obs.M Observation date, month
18- 19 I2 d Obs.D Observation date, day in month
21- 22 I2 --- Ncand [1/98] Candidate number for Target
24- 29 F6.2 deg PA [0.88/359]? Position angle, east of north
31- 31 I1 --- flag [1/2]? observation flag (1)
33- 36 F4.2 deg e_PA [0.14/0.47]? Uncertainty in PA
38- 43 F6.1 mas Sep [349/6316]? Separation
45- 48 F4.1 mas e_Sep [2/12]? Uncertainty in Sep
50- 56 F7.1 mas dRA [-5839/6008]? Offset in Right Ascension
58- 61 F4.1 mas e_dRA [2.8/14.7]? Uncertainty in dRA
63- 69 F7.1 mas dDE [-5845/5995]? Offset in Right Ascension
71- 74 F4.1 mas e_dDE [2.8/14.7]? Uncertainty in dDE
76- 83 A8 --- status Status of candidate (2)
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Note (1): Observation flag as follows:
1 = candidate not redetected (27 occurrences)
2 = no astrometry (detector edge; 1 occurrence)
Note (2): Status as follows
C = companion (6 occurrences)
BG_cpm = candidates confirmed as backgrounds based on their proper motion
(256 occurrences)
BG_color = candidate confirmed as backgrounds based on their CMD position
(30 occurrences)
? = candidates that are unconfirmed (27 occurrences)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 05-May-2021