J/AJ/162/56 Radial velocity of 240 YSOs with MMT/Hectochelle (Lim+, 2021)
A kinematic perspective on the formation process of the stellar groups in the
Rosette Nebula.
Lim B., Naze Y., Hong J., Park B.-G., Yun H.-S., Yi H.-W., Park S.,
Hwang N., Lee J.-E.
<Astron. J., 162, 56-56 (2021)>
=2021AJ....162...56L 2021AJ....162...56L (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Star Forming Region; Clusters, open; YSOs; Spectra, optical;
Radial velocities
Keywords: Star formation; Stellar kinematics; Stellar associations
Stellar dynamics; Open star clusters
Abstract:
Stellar kinematics is a powerful tool for understanding the formation
process of stellar associations. Here, we present a kinematic study of
the young stellar population in the Rosette nebula using recent Gaia
data and high-resolution spectra. We first isolate member candidates
using the published mid-infrared photometric data and the list of
X-ray sources. A total of 403 stars with similar parallaxes and proper
motions are finally selected as members. The spatial distribution of
the members shows that this star-forming region is highly
substructured. The young open cluster NGC2244 in the center of the
nebula has a pattern of radial expansion and rotation. We discuss its
implication on the cluster formation, e.g., monolithic cold collapse
or hierarchical assembly. On the other hand, we also investigate three
groups located around the border of the HII bubble. The western group
seems to be spatially correlated with the adjacent gas structure, but
their kinematics is not associated with that of the gas. The southern
group does not show any systematic motion relative to NGC2244. These
two groups might be spontaneously formed in filaments of a turbulent
cloud. The eastern group is spatially and kinematically associated
with the gas pillar receding away from NGC2244. This group might be
formed by feedback from massive stars in NGC2244. Our results suggest
that the stellar population in the Rosette Nebula may form through
three different processes: the expansion of stellar clusters,
hierarchical star formation in turbulent clouds, and feedback-driven
star formation.
Description:
We identified the young star members based on photometric and
spectroscopic criteria, complemented by parallax and proper motion
criteria based on the recent Gaia astrometric data. We used
photometric data from the Gaia Data Release 2 instead of the recent
EDR3.
We performed spectroscopic observations of YSO candidates with or
without an X-ray emission and ionized gas on 2019 October 13, November
9, 13, and 18 using the high-resolution (R∼34000) multi-object
spectrograph Hectochelle on the 6.5m telescope of the MMT observatory.
The spectra of the YSO candidates were taken with the RV31 filter
(5150-5300Å) in 2x2 binning mode to achieve good signal-to-noise
ratios.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 145 240 List of members
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See also:
I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
J/A+A/557/A29 : Young stellar clusters in the Rosette (Cambresy+, 2013)
J/AJ/145/46 : UBVIc photometry in Westerlund 1 (Lim+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/443/454 : UBVIHα photometry in NGC 1893 (Lim+, 2014)
J/AJ/149/127 : The SOS project. IV. NGC 1624 and NGC 1931 (Lim+, 2015)
J/ApJS/230/3 : Optical & Spitzer photometry in IC 1805 (Sung+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/472/3887 : Kinematic data for stars in OB-associations (Melnik+, 2017)
J/A+A/618/A93 : Gaia DR2 open clusters in Milky Way (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/99 : IR variability among YSOs in Serpens South cluster (Wolk+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/84 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex. II. (Kounkel+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/477/1993 : NGC 1893 stars LSR velocities (Lim+, 2018)
J/A+A/626/A17 : Young population in Vela-Puppis region (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/112 : IR photometry of YSOs in the W4 cloud complex (Panwar+, 2019)
J/ApJ/870/32 : Kinematics young star clusters & associations (Kuhn+, 2019)
J/ApJ/881/79 : Flamingos-2 near-IR photometry in NGC 2244 (Muzic+, 2019)
J/ApJ/899/121 : 127 early type and pre-main-sequence stars in W4 (Lim+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/495/663 : Gaia DR2 OB associations (Ward+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Num Sequential number identifier
5- 6 I2 h RAh [6] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
8- 9 I2 min RAm [30/32] Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
11- 15 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
17 A1 --- DE- [+] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
18- 19 I2 deg DEd [4/5] Degree of Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
24- 27 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
29- 34 F6.4 mas plx [0.5/1] Absolute Gaia EDR3 parallax (1)
36- 41 F6.4 mas e_plx [0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in plx
43- 48 F6.3 mas/yr pmRA [-2.5/-1.1]? Gaia EDR3 Proper motion RA*cos(DE)
50- 54 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.01/0.4]? Uncertainty in pmRA
56- 61 F6.3 mas/yr pmDE [-0.4/1.2]? Gaia EDR3 Proper motion along DE
63- 67 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in pmDE
69- 75 F7.4 mag Gmag [6.7/19.2]? Gaia DR2 G band apparent magnitude
77- 82 F6.4 mag e_Gmag [0.0002/0.07]? Uncertainty in Gmag
84- 90 F7.4 mag BPmag [6.78/20]? Gaia DR2 blue band apparent magnitude
92- 97 F6.4 mag e_BPmag [0.001/0.3]? Uncertainty in BPmag
99-105 F7.4 mag RPmag [6.57/17.6]? Gaia DR2 red band apparent magnitude
107-112 F6.4 mag e_RPmag [0.0006/0.2]? Uncertainty in RPmag
114-119 F6.4 mag BP-RP [0.2/2.7]? Gaia DR2 (BP-RP) color index
121 A1 --- EType Early-type member (2)
123 A1 --- YSO YSO classification code (3)
125 A1 --- X-ray X-ray detection code (4)
127-133 F7.3 km/s RVel [-25/27]? Radial velocity from this work
135-140 F6.3 km/s e_RVel [0.02/6]? Uncertainty in RVel
142-145 A4 --- Bin Binarity flag (5)
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Note (1): We corrected the zero-point offsets for the Gaia parallaxes according
to the recipe of Lindegren+, 2021A&A...649A...4L 2021A&A...649A...4L.
Note (2):Type as follows:
E = O- or B-type stars obtained from the data bases of MK classification
(Reed, 2003, V/125, Mermilliod & Paunzen, 2003, 2003A&A...410..511M 2003A&A...410..511M,
Skiff, 2009, B/mk, Maiz Apellaniz+, 2013msao.confE.198M/, SIMBAD).
Note (3): Class as follows:
1 = Class I (1 occurrence)
2 = Class II (64 occurrences)
T = YSO with a transition disk (4 occurrences)
Note (4): Code as follows:
X = X-ray source (200 occurrences)
x = X-ray source candidate (3 occurrences)
Note (5): Flag as follows:
SB2 = a double-lines spectroscopic binary candidate (2 occurrences)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 16-Nov-2021