J/AJ/163/61 The TESS-Keck Survey. VIII. TOI-2180 radial velocity (Dalba+, 2022)
The TESS-Keck Survey.
VIII. Confirmation of a Transiting Giant Planet on an Eccentric 261 Day Orbit
with the Automated Planet Finder Telescope.
Dalba P.A., Kane S.R., Dragomir D., Villanueva S., Collins K.A.,
Jacobs T.L., LaCourse D.M., Gagliano R., Kristiansen M.H., Omohundro M.,
Schwengeler H.M., Terentev I.A., Vanderburg A., Fulton B., Isaacson H.,
Van Zandt J., Howard A.W., Thorngren D.P., Howell S.B., Batalha N.M.,
Chontos A., Crossfield I.J.M., Dressing C.D., Huber D., Petigura E.A.,
Robertson P., Roy A., Weiss L.M., Behmard A., Beard C., Brinkman C.L.,
Giacalone S., Hill M.L., Lubin J., Mayo A.W., Mocnik T., Akana Murphy J.M.,
Polanski A.S., Rice M., Rosenthal L.J., Rubenzahl R.A., Scarsdale N.,
Turtelboom E.V., Tyler D., Benni P., Boyce P., Esposito T.M., Girardin E.,
Laloum D., Lewin P., Mann C.R., Marchis F., Schwarz R.P., Srdoc G.,
Steuer J., Sivarani T., Unni A., Eisner N.L., Fetherolf T., Li Z., Yao X.,
Pepper J., Ricker G.R., Vanderspek R., Latham D.W., Seager S., Winn J.N.,
Jenkins J.M., Burke C.J., Eastman J.D., Lund M.B., Rodriguez D.R.,
Rowden P., Ting E.B., Villasenor J.N.
<Astron. J., 163, 61 (2022)>
=2022AJ....163...61D 2022AJ....163...61D
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Stars, G-type; Spectra, optical; Radial velocities
Keywords: Amateur astronomy ; Extrasolar gaseous giant planets ; Transit
photometry ; Radial velocity ; Planetary interior
Abstract:
We report the discovery of TOI-2180b, a 2.8MJ giant planet orbiting
a slightly evolved G5 host star. This planet transited only once in
Cycle 2 of the primary Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
mission. Citizen scientists identified the 24hr single-transit event
shortly after the data were released, allowing a Doppler monitoring
campaign with the Automated Planet Finder telescope at Lick
Observatory to begin promptly. The radial velocity observations
refined the orbital period of TOI-2180b to be 260.8±0.6days,
revealed an orbital eccentricity of 0.368±0.007, and discovered
long-term acceleration from a more distant massive companion. We
conducted ground-based photometry from 14 sites spread around the
globe in an attempt to detect another transit. Although we did not
make a clear transit detection, the nondetections improved the
precision of the orbital period. We predict that TESS will likely
detect another transit of TOI-2180b in Sector 48 of its extended
mission. We use giant planet structure models to retrieve the bulk
heavy-element content of TOI-2180b. When considered alongside other
giant planets with orbital periods over 100days, we find tentative
evidence that the correlation between planet mass and metal enrichment
relative to stellar is dependent on orbital properties. Single-transit
discoveries like TOI-2180b highlight the exciting potential of the
TESS mission to find planets with long orbital periods and low
irradiation fluxes despite the selection biases associated with the
transit method.
Description:
We began a Doppler monitoring campaign with the Automated Planet
Finder (APF) telescope at Lick Observatory as part of the TESS-Keck
Survey (TKS). The APF uses the Levy Spectrograph, a high-resolution
(R∼114000) slit-fed optical echelle spectrometer.
In 2020 August, Lick Observatory and the APF shut down owing to nearby
wildfires. To maintain our coverage of the emerging Keplerian RVel
signal, we temporarily conducted observations of TOI-2180 using the
High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES) on the Keck I telescope
at W. M. Keck Observatory.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s) (Period)
----------------------------------------------------------
18 31 46.49 +56 39 03.1 TOI-2180 = HD 238894 (P=260.8d)
----------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 44 99 Radial velocity measurements of TOI-2180
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)
J/A+A/529/A75 : Limb-darkening coefficients (Claret+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/19 : Speckle observations of KOI (Howell+, 2011)
J/A+A/571/A37 : KOI-1257 photometric and velocimetric data (Santerne+, 2014)
J/ApJ/805/175 : Keck and APF radial velocities of HD7924 (Fulton+, 2015)
J/ApJ/831/64 : Mass-metallicity relation for giant planets (Thorngren+, 2016)
J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)
J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler planetary cand. VIII. DR25 reliability (Thompson+, 2018)
J/AJ/157/218 : Transiting planets near snow line from Kepler (Kawahara+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/239 : Metal-rich host stars abund & equivalent widths (Teske+, 2019)
J/ApJ/874/L31 : Giant planet bulk & atmosphere metallicities (Thorngren+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/241 : TESS-Keck Survey. I. HD332231 Radial Velocities (Dalba+, 2020)
J/AJ/161/56 : The TESS-Keck Survey. II. RVs of TOI-561 (Weiss+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/119 : The TESS-Keck survey. IV. Rvel for WASP-107 (Rubenzahl+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/215 : TESS-Keck survey. V. Rvel of HD63935 (Scarsdale+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/265 : TESS-Keck survey. VI. HIP-97166 Rvel (Macdougall+, 2021)
J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet candidates from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 14 F14.6 d BJD [2458888/2459427] Barycentric Julian Date at TDB
16- 21 F6.1 m/s RVel [-113/96.8] Radial velocity
23- 25 F3.1 m/s e_RVel [1.1/7.5] Uncertainty in RVel
27- 32 F6.4 --- SHK [0.1/0.26] Mount Wilson SHK activity index (1)
34- 39 F6.4 --- e_SHK [0.001/0.002] Uncertainty in SHK
41- 44 A4 --- Tel Telescope; Automated Planet Finder or Keck
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The SHK values from APF and Keck data have different zeropoints.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Dalba et al. Paper I. 2020AJ....159..241D 2020AJ....159..241D Cat. J/AJ/159/241
Weiss et al. Paper II. 2021AJ....161...56W 2021AJ....161...56W Cat. J/AJ/161/56
Dai et al. Paper III. 2020AJ....160..193D 2020AJ....160..193D
Rubenzahl et al. Paper IV. 2021AJ....161..119R 2021AJ....161..119R Cat. J/AJ/161/119
Scarsdale et al. Paper V. 2021AJ....162..215S 2021AJ....162..215S Cat. J/AJ/162/215
MacDougall et al. Paper VI. 2021AJ....162..265M 2021AJ....162..265M Cat. J/AJ/162/265
Lange et al. Paper VII. 2024AJ....167..282L 2024AJ....167..282L Cat. J/AJ/167/282
Dalba et al. Paper VIII. 2022AJ....163...61D 2022AJ....163...61D This catalog
Lubin et al. Paper IX. 2022AJ....163..101L 2022AJ....163..101L Cat. J/AJ/163/101
Turtelboom et al. Paper XI. 2022AJ....163..293T 2022AJ....163..293T Cat. J/AJ/163/293
Chontos et al. Paper XII. 2022AJ....163..297C 2022AJ....163..297C
MacDougall et al. Paper XIII. 2022AJ....164...97M 2022AJ....164...97M Cat. J/AJ/164/97
Van Zandt et al. Paper XIV. 2023AJ....165...60V 2023AJ....165...60V Cat. J/AJ/165/60
MacDougall et al. Paper XV. 2023AJ....166...33M 2023AJ....166...33M Cat. J/AJ/166/33
Murphy et al. Paper XVI. 2023AJ....166..153M 2023AJ....166..153M Cat. J/AJ/166/153
Beard et al. Paper XVII. 2024AJ....167...70B 2024AJ....167...70B Cat. J/AJ/167/70
Desai et al. Paper XVIII. 2024AJ....167..194D 2024AJ....167..194D Cat. J/AJ/167/194
Hill et al. Paper XIX. 2024AJ....167..151H 2024AJ....167..151H
Polanski et al. Paper XX. 2024ApJS..272...32P 2024ApJS..272...32P
Pidhorodetska et al. Paper XXII. 2024AJ....168..135P 2024AJ....168..135P Cat. J/AJ/168/135
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 11-Apr-2022