J/AJ/167/56 The POKEMON Speckle Survey of nearby M dwarfs. II. (Clark+, 2024)
The POKEMON Speckle Survey of nearby M dwarfs.
II. Observations of 1125 targets.
Clark C.A., van Belle G.T., Horch E.P., Lund M.B., Ciardi D.R.,
von Braun K., Winters J.G., Everett M.E., Hartman Z.D., Llama J.
<Astron. J., 167, 56 (2024)>
=2024AJ....167...56C 2024AJ....167...56C
ADC_Keywords: Stars, M-type; Stars, double and multiple; Optical;
Positional data
Keywords: M dwarf stars ; Binary stars ; High angular resolution ; Low
mass stars ; Solar neighborhood
Abstract:
Stellar multiplicity is correlated with many stellar properties, yet
multiplicity measurements have proven difficult for the M-dwarfs the
most common type of star in our galaxy-due to their faintness and the
fact that a reasonably complete inventory of later M-dwarfs did not
exist until recently. We have therefore carried out the Pervasive
Overview of "Kompanions" of Every M-dwarf in Our Neighborhood
(POKEMON) survey, which made use of the Differential Speckle Survey
Instrument on the 4.3m Lowell Discovery Telescope, along with the
NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet Stellar Speckle Imager on the 3.5m WIYN
telescope. The POKEMON sample is volume limited from M0V through M9V
out to 15pc, with additional brighter targets at larger distances. In
total, 1125 targets were observed. New discoveries were presented in
the first paper in the series. In this second paper in the series, we
present all detected companions, gauge our astrometric and photometric
precision, and compare our filtered and filterless speckle
observations. We find that the majority (58.9%) of the companions we
detect in our speckle images are not resolved in Gaia, demonstrating
the need for high-resolution imaging in addition to long-term
astrometric monitoring. Additionally, we find that the majority
(73.2%) of simulated stellar companions would be detectable by our
speckle observations. Specifically within 100au, we find that 70.3% of
simulated companions are recovered. Finally, we discuss future
directions of the POKEMON survey.
Description:
We imaged the 1125 M dwarfs in the Pervasive Overview of "Kompanions"
of Every M-dwarf in Our Neighborhood (POKEMON) sample over 50 nights
between UT 2017 April 7 and UT 2020 February 10. These observations
were mainly carried out using the Differential Speckle Survey
Instrument (DSSI) on the 4.3m Lowell Discovery Telescope (LDT) located
in Happy Jack, AZ. We also used the NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet Stellar
Speckle Imager (NESSI) n the 3.5m WIYN telescope at Kitt Peak National
Observatory located outside Tucson, AZ.
DSSI uses two narrowband filters centered at 692 and 880nm, with
filter widths of 40 and 50nm, respectively. NESSI uses filters
centered at 562 and 832nm, with filter widths of 44 and 40nm,
respectively.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 65 1125 POKEMON targets - from erratum published
in 2024, AJ, 168, 229
table4.dat 84 298 *Properties of companions detected throughout
the POKEMON survey - from erratum published
in 2024, AJ, 168, 229
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Note on table4.dat: Astrometric and photometric uncertainties are described in
Sections 3.2 and 3.3, respectively.
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See also:
B/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-2020)
I/129 : Parallaxes and Proper Motions near SGP (Murray+ 1986)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
J/AJ/137/3358 : Speckle interferometry of massive stars (Mason+, 2009)
J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)
J/other/A+ARV/18.67 : Accurate masses and radii of normal stars (Torres+, 2010)
J/AJ/141/45 : Speckle observations of HIP stars (Horch+, 2011)
J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)
J/ApJ/754/44 : The AstraLux Large M-dwarf Survey (Janson+ 2012)
J/AJ/146/156 : APOGEE M-dwarf survey I. 1 year velocities (Deshpande+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/429/859 : New companions to nearby low-mass stars (Jodar+, 2013)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/ApJ/784/156 : Plxes for 1507 nearby mid-to-late M dwarfs (Dittmann+, 2014)
J/ApJ/783/122 : AllWISE motion survey (Kirkpatrick+, 2014)
J/ApJ/787/126 : WISE reduced proper motions & spectral types (Luhman+, 2014)
J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input catalogue M dwarfs. I (Alonso-Floriano+, 2015)
J/ApJ/807/45 : Habitable planets orbiting M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/151 : DSSI obs of binaries. VI. Measures in 2014 (Horch+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/449/2618 : M-dwarfs in Multiples (MinMs) survey. I. (Ward-Duong+, 2015)
J/AJ/149/5 : Solar neighborhood. XXXV. Dists to M dwarfs (Winters+, 2015)
J/AJ/151/160 : 1103 parallaxes and proper motions from URAT (Finch+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/24 : Trigo parallaxes of 134 low-mass stars (Weinberger+, 2016)
J/A+A/597/A47 : CARMENES input cat of M dwarfs II (Cortes-Contreras+ 2017)
J/ApJS/231/15 : Astro monitoring of ultracool dwarf binaries (Dupuy+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/212 : Observations of binary stars at WIYN telescope (Horch+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/14 : Solar neighborhood XXXVIII. M dwarf systems (Winters+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/265 : Solar neighborhood. XLIV. RECONS discoveries (Henry+, 2018)
J/ApJ/877/60 : YMGs. I. Young binaries & lithium-rich stars (Bowler+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/216 : Stellar multipl of M dwarfs within 25 pc (Winters+, 2019)
J/A+A/642/A115 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. V. (Cifuentes+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/233 : Observations binary stars with the DSSI. IX. (Horch+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/215 : Solar neighborhood.XLVI. New M dwarf bin (Vrijmoet+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)
J/AJ/161/21 : 383 KOIs interferometry with WIYN (Colton+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/295 : Obs Differential Speckle Survey Instrument. X. (Horch+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/164 : Observation of 186 TESS stars with NESSI (Howell+, 2021)
J/ApJ/916/77 : K2 rotation periods SDSS & Gaia M dwarfs (Popinchalk+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/102 : LASSO; Robo-AO observation of 444 young stars (Salama+, 2021)
J/AJ/163/178 : Solar Neighborhood XLIV. M dwarfs with SOAR (Vrijmoet+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- Name 2MASS designation (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
or name
18- 36 I19 --- Gaia Gaia DR3 designation
38- 41 F4.1 mag Gmag [5.5/18.7] Gaia G magnitude
43- 46 F4.1 mag RPmag [4.6/17.1]? Gaia RP magnitude
48- 51 F4.1 pc Dist [1.8/96.1]? Distance
53- 54 I2 --- r_Dist [1/19]? Reference for Dist (1)
56- 59 F4.1 --- RUWE [0.7/39.1]? Gaia DR3 re-normalized unit weight
error
61- 63 I3 --- IPDFMP [0/100] Gaia DR3 ipdfracmulti_peak
65 A1 --- Comp? [N/Y] Companion(s) observed by us? (Y)es or (N)o
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Note (1): References as follows:
1 = Cifuentes+, 2020, J/A+A/642/A115
2 = Dittman+, 2014, J/ApJ/784/156
3 = Dupuy & Liu, 2017, J/ApJS/231/15
4 = Dupuy+, 2019AJ....158..174D 2019AJ....158..174D
5 = Finch & Zacharias, 2016, J/AJ/151/160
6 = Finch+, 2018, I/344
7 = Gaia Collaboration, 2018, I/345
8 = Gaia Collaboration+, 2023A&A...674A...1G 2023A&A...674A...1G
9 = Gliese & Jahrei+, 1991adc..rept.....G
10 = Henry+, 2006AJ....132.2360H 2006AJ....132.2360H
11 = Lepine+, 2009AJ....137.4109L 2009AJ....137.4109L
12 = Murray+, 1986, I/129
13 = Raetz+, 2020, J/A+A/637/A22
14 = Reid+, 2004, J/AJ/128/463
15 = Riedel+, 2010AJ....140..897R 2010AJ....140..897R
16 = Torres+, 2010, J/other/A+ARV/18.67
17 = van Altena+, 1995gcts.book.....V 1995gcts.book.....V
18 = van Leeuwen+, 2007, I/311
19 = Weinberger+, 2016, J/AJ/152/24
20 = Winters+, 2015, J/AJ/149/5
21 = Winters+, 2017, J/AJ/153/14
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- Name 2MASS designation (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000) or
name
18- 27 A10 --- WDS WDS designation (HHMMm+DDMM; J2000)
29- 35 F7.4 --- Epoch [17.26/20.11] Year of the measurement;
Epoch+2000
37 A1 --- l_Filt Limit flag on Filt
39- 41 I3 nm Filt [562/880] Dmag filter
43- 44 I2 nm Dfilt [40/50]? Dmag filter width
46- 50 F5.1 deg PA1 [3/357] Position angle
52- 57 F6.4 arcsec Sep1 [0.078/3.43] Angular separation
59 A1 --- l_Dmag1 Limit flag on Dmag1
61- 64 F4.2 mag Dmag1 [0/5.32] Magnitude difference
66- 70 F5.1 deg PA2 [15/223]? Second companion position angle
72- 77 F6.4 arcsec Sep2 [1.67/3.6]? Second companion angular separation
79 A1 --- l_Dmag2 Limit flag on Dmag2
81- 84 F4.2 mag Dmag2 [2/5.6]? Second companion magnitude difference
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Acknowledgements:
Dr. Catherine A. Clark [clarkc at ipac.caltech.edu]
History:
From electronic version of the journal
* 19-Sep-2024:Insert into VizieR
* 15-Jan-2025:Table 1 and Table 4 added; taken from
the erratum published in 2024, AJ, 168, 229
References:
Clark et al. Paper I. 2022AJ....164...33C 2022AJ....164...33C
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 26-Apr-2024