J/ApJ/695/679 Stellar rotation in M35 (Meibom+, 2009)
Stellar rotation in M35: mass-period relations, spin-down rates, and
gyrochronology.
Meibom S., Mathieu R.D., Stassun K.G.
<Astrophys. J., 695, 679-694 (2009)>
=2009ApJ...695..679M 2009ApJ...695..679M
ADC_Keywords: Stars, late-type ; Radial velocities ; Photometry, UBVRI ;
Stars, variable ; Clusters, open
Keywords: open clusters and associations: individual (M35) - stars: evolution -
stars: late-type - stars: rotation
Abstract:
We present the results of a five month photometric time-series survey
for stellar rotation over a 40'x40' field centered on the 150Myr open
cluster M35 (=NGC 2168). We report rotation periods for 441 stars
within this field and determine their cluster membership and binarity
based on a decade-long radial velocity survey, proper-motion
measurements, and multiband photometric observations. We find that 310
of the stars with measured rotation periods are late-type members of
M35. The distribution of rotation periods for cluster members span
more than 2 orders of magnitude from ∼0.1 to 15 days, not constrained
by the sampling frequency and the timespan of the survey. With an age
between the zero-age main sequence and the Hyades, and with ∼6 times
more rotation periods than measured in the Pleiades, M35 permit
detailed studies of early rotational evolution of late-type stars.
Nearly 80% of the 310 rotators lie on two distinct sequences in the
color-period plane, and define clear relations between stellar
rotation period and color (mass). The M35 color-period diagram enables
us to determine timescales for the transition between the two
rotational states, of ∼60Myr and ∼140Myr for G and K dwarfs,
respectively.
Description:
We photometrically surveyed stars in a region approximately 40'x40'
centered on the open cluster M35 over a timespan of 143 days. The
photometric data were obtained in the Johnson V band with the WIYN5
0.9m telescope on Kitt Peak equipped with a 2kx2k CCD camera. The
complete data set presented is composed of images from high-frequency
(approximately once per hour for 5-6 hours per night) time-series
photometric observations over 16 full nights during 2002 December
2-17, complemented with a queue-scheduled observing program over 143
nights from 2002 October 22 to 2003 March 11, obtaining one image per
night interrupted only by bad weather and scheduled instrument
changes.
All spectroscopic data were obtained using the WIYN 3.5m telescope
equipped with a multiobject fiber optic positioner (Hydra) feeding a
bench mounted spectrograph. Observations were done at central
wavelengths of 5130Å or 6385Å with a wavelength range of ∼200Å
providing many narrow absorption lines.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 87 441 Data for the 441 stars with measured rotation
periods in the field of M35
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See also:
III/244 : Catalog of Stellar Rotational Velocities (Glebocki+ 2005)
J/ApJ/546/1006 : VRI photometry of M35 (Barrado y Navascues+, 2001)
J/MNRAS/306/361 : UBVI CCD photometry of M35 (NGC 2168) (Sung+ 1999)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Seq Running identification number (1)
5 I1 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
7- 8 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
10- 15 F6.3 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
17 A1 --- DE- Sign of Declination (J2000)
18- 19 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
24- 29 F6.3 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
31- 36 F6.3 d Prot Rotation period
38- 42 F5.2 mag V0mag Intrinsic apparent V band magnitude
44- 48 F5.2 mag (B-V)0 ? Intrinsic (B-V) color index
50- 53 F4.2 mag (V-I)0 Intrinsic (V-I) color index
55- 56 I2 --- o_RV ? Number of measurements in RV
58- 62 F5.1 km/s RV ? Average Radial Velocity
64- 68 F5.1 km/s e_RV ? The 1σ error in RV
70- 71 I2 % Mrv ? Membership probability from RV measurement
73- 74 I2 % Mpm Membership probability from proper motion
76- 80 A5 --- Mmb Cluster membership status (2)
82- 85 F4.2 --- W Weight when fitting the rotational isochrones
87 A1 --- State [icg-] Rotational state (3)
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Note (1): Assigned to 310 rotators after sorting by rotation period.
<Cl* NGC 2168 MMS NNN> in Simbad.
Note (2): Membership code as follows:
PM = Photometric Member (described in Section 2.5);
PNM = Photometric Non-Member;
PSM = Photometric and Spectroscopic Member;
PPM = Photometric and Proper-motion Member;
PMSNM = Photometric Member but Spectroscopic Non-Member.
Note (3): State in evolution as defined in Barnes (2003ApJ...586..464B 2003ApJ...586..464B):
i = I (radiative/convective interface) sequence;
c = C (fully convective) sequence;
g = gap;
- = location in the color-period diagram does not correspond to
either of the sequences or the gap.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
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(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 29-Apr-2011