J/ApJ/707/1 Water and Methanol masers in NGC 6334I(N) (Brogan+, 2009)
Digging into NGC 6334 I(N): multiwavelength imaging of a massive protostellar
cluster.
Brogan C.L., Hunter T.R., Cyganowski C.J., Indebetouw R., Beuther H.,
Menten K.M., Thorwirth S.
<Astrophys. J., 707, 1-23 (2009)>
=2009ApJ...707....1B 2009ApJ...707....1B
ADC_Keywords: Stars, masers ; Interstellar medium ; Infrared sources ;
Millimetric/submm sources ; Radio continuum
Keywords: infrared: stars - ISM: individual (NGC 6334I (N)) -
ISM: jets and outflows - stars: formation -
techniques: interferometric
Abstract:
We present a high-resolution, multi-wavelength study of the massive
protostellar cluster NGC 6334 I(N) that combines new spectral line
data from the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and VLA with a re-analysis of
archival VLA continuum data, Two Micron All Sky Survey and Spitzer
images. As shown previously, the brightest 1.3mm source SMA1 contains
substructure at subarcsecond resolution, and we report the first
detection of SMA1b at 3.6cm along with a new spatial component at 7mm
(SMA1d). We find SMA1 (aggregate of sources a, b, c, and d) and SMA4
to be comprised of free-free and dust components, while SMA6 shows
only dust emission. Our 1.5" resolution 1.3mm molecular line images
reveal substantial hot-core line emission toward SMA1 and to a lesser
degree SMA2. We find CH3OH rotation temperatures of 165±9K and
145±12K for SMA1 and SMA2, respectively. We estimate a diameter of
1400AU for the SMA1 hot-core emission, encompassing both SMA1b and
SMA1d, and speculate that these sources comprise a ≳800AU separation
binary that may explain the previously suggested precession of the
outflow emanating from the SMA1 region. Compact line emission from
SMA4 is weak, and none is seen toward SMA6. The LSR velocities of
SMA1, SMA2, and SMA4 all differ by 1-2km/s. Outflow activity from
SMA1, SMA2, SMA4, and SMA6 is observed in several molecules including
SiO(5-4) and IRAC 4.5um emission; 24um emission from SMA4 is also
detected. Eleven water maser groups are detected, eight of which
coincide with SMA1, SMA2, SMA4, and SMA6, while two others are
associated with the Sandell source SM2. We also detect a total of 83
Class I CH3OH 44GHz maser spots which likely result from the
combined activity of many outflows. Our observations paint the
portrait of multiple young hot cores in a protocluster prior to the
stage where its members become visible in the near-infrared.
Description:
Our SMA observations were made with six antennas - in 2004 May in the
compact configuration, and in 2005 May in the extended configuration.
In both tracks, two pointings were observed: source I at
J172053.44-354702.2, and source I(N) at J172054.63-354508.5. Only the
data for source I(N) are presented in this paper. The 1.3cm
(22.235GHz) H2O maser data were taken with the VLA on 2006 July 3
(project AH915) with online Hanning smoothing and one polarization
(RR). The 7mm (44.06941GHz) Class I CH3OH (70,7-61,6)A+ maser
transition was observed on 2008 February 18 with the VLA in
CnB-configuration (project code AC904).
We have re-reduced the archival VLA 7mm and 1.3cm continuum
observations originally presented by Rodriguez et al.
(2007ApJ...654L.143R 2007ApJ...654L.143R, project codes AZ159 and AZ152). We have also
re-reduced the archival VLA 3.6cm continuum observations originally
presented by Carral et al. (2002AJ....123.2574C 2002AJ....123.2574C, project code AM495).
Also, We have re-imaged the 3.4mm ATCA continuum data reported by
Beuther et al. (2008, Cat. J/A+A/481/169).
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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17 20 54 -35 45.0 NAME NGC 6334 I(N) = NAME GEZARI COLD SOURCE
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 65 11 22.235GHz water maser groups in NGC 6334 I(N)
table3.dat 45 413 22.235GHz water masers detected in NGC 6334 I(N)
table4.dat 65 83 44GHz class I methanol masers detected in
NGC 6334 I(N)
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See also:
J/A+A/481/169 : ATCA 3mm obs. of NGC 6334I and NGC 6334I(N) (Beuther+, 2008)
J/A+A/466/989 : Hot ammonia from NGC 6334I and NGC 6334I(N) (Beuther+, 2007)
J/MNRAS/301/640 : Ultracompact H II regions studies. II. (Walsh+, 1998)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- ID Running sequence number (C1 to C11)
5- 6 I2 h RAh Centroid hour of right ascension (J2000) (1)
8- 9 I2 min RAm Centroid minute of right ascension (J2000)
11- 16 F6.3 s RAs Centroid second of right ascension (J2000)
18 A1 --- DE- Centroid sign of declination (J2000) (1)
19- 20 I2 deg DEd Centroid degree of declination (J2000)
22- 23 I2 arcmin DEm Centroid arcminute of declination (J2000)
25- 29 F5.2 arcsec DEs Centroid arcsecond of declination (J2000)
31- 35 A5 --- mm Associated millimeter source
36 A1 --- f_mm [b] b: see Sandell (2000A&A...358..242S 2000A&A...358..242S)
38- 41 F4.2 arcsec Off ? Offset with mm
43- 46 F4.1 Jy Speak Peak intensity at 22GHz in Jy/beam
48- 52 F5.1 km/s Vel Peak velocity (LSR)
54- 58 F5.1 km/s B_Vel Upper limit of velocity
60- 64 F5.1 km/s b_Vel Lower limit of velocity
65 A1 --- f_Vel [cd] Emission beyond the velocity range (2)
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Note (1): Intensity weighted positions for masers listed under each group name
in Table 3.
Note (2): Flag as follows:
c = Emission extends beyond the positive velocity extent of the bandpass.
d = Emission extends beyond the negative velocity extent of the bandpass.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- ID Group identification (C1 to C11)
5- 9 F5.1 km/s Vel Velocity (LSR)
11- 12 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
14- 15 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
17- 23 F7.4 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
25 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
26- 27 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
29- 30 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
32- 38 F7.4 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
40- 45 F6.3 Jy Speak Peak intensity at 22GHz in units of Jy/beam
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Spot [1,83] Spot number
4- 5 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
7- 8 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
10- 15 F6.3 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
17 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
18- 19 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
30- 35 F6.2 Jy Speak Peak intensity at 44GHz in units of Jy/beam
37- 40 F4.2 Jy e_Speak Uncertainty in Speak
42- 47 I6 K TB Brightness temperature
49- 53 F5.2 km/s Vel Peak velocity (LSR)
55- 59 F5.2 km/s b_Vel Minimum velocity
61- 65 F5.2 km/s B_Vel Maximum velocity
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Hunter et al. 2006ApJ...649..888H 2006ApJ...649..888H
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 28-Dec-2011