J/ApJ/720/1513 The afterglows of Swift-era GRBs. I. (Kann+, 2010)
The afterglows of Swift-era gamma-ray bursts.
I. Comparing pre-Swift and Swift-era Long/Soft (Type II) GRB optical afterglows.
Kann D.A., Klose S., Zhang B., Malesani D., Nakar E., Pozanenko A.,
Wilson A.C., Butler N.R., Jakobsson P., Schulze S., Andreev M.,
Antonelli L.A., Bikmaev I.F., Biryukov V., Bottcher M., Burenin R.A.,
Castro Ceron J.M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Chincarini G., Cobb B.E., Covino S.,
D'Avanzo P., D'Elia V., Della Valle M., de Ugarte Postigo A., Efimov YU.,
Ferrero P., Fugazza D., Fynbo J.P.U., Galfalk M., Grundahl F.,
Gorosabel J., Gupta S., Guziy S., Hafizov B., Hjorth J., Holhjem K.,
Ibrahimov M., Im M., Israel G.L., Jelinek M., Jensen B.L., Karimov R.,
Khamitov I.M., Kiziloglu U., Klunko E., Kubanek P., Kutyrev A.S.,
Laursen P., Levan A.J., Mannucci F., Martin C.M., Mescheryakov A.,
Mirabal N., Norris J.P., Ovaldsen J.-E., Paraficz D., Pavlenko E.,
Piranomonte S., Rossi A., Rumyantsev V., Salinas R., Sergeev A.,
Sharapov D., Sollerman J., Stecklum B., Stella L., Tagliaferri G.,
Tanvir N.R., Telting J., Testa V., Updike A.C., Volnova A., Watson D.,
Wiersema K., Xu D.
<Astrophys. J., 720, 1513-1558 (2010)>
=2010ApJ...720.1513K 2010ApJ...720.1513K
ADC_Keywords: Gamma rays ; Photometry ; Redshifts
Keywords: dust, extinction - gamma-ray burst: general
Abstract:
We have gathered optical photometry data from the literature on a
large sample of Swift-era gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows including
GRBs up to 2009 September, for a total of 76 GRBs, and present an
additional three pre-Swift GRBs not included in an earlier sample.
Furthermore, we publish 840 additional new photometry data points on a
total of 42 GRB afterglows, including large data sets for GRBs 050319,
050408, 050802, 050820A, 050922C, 060418, 080413A, and 080810. We
analyzed the light curves of all GRBs in the sample and derived
spectral energy distributions for the sample with the best data
quality, allowing us to estimate the host-galaxy extinction. We
transformed the afterglow light curves into an extinction-corrected
z=1 system and compared their luminosities with a sample of pre-Swift
afterglows. The results of a former study, which showed that GRB
afterglows clustered and exhibited a bimodal distribution in
luminosity space, are weakened by the larger sample. We found that the
luminosity distribution of the two afterglow samples (Swift-era and
pre-Swift) is very similar, and that a subsample for which we were not
able to estimate the extinction, which is fainter than the main
sample, can be explained by assuming a moderate amount of
line-of-sight host extinction. We derived bolometric isotropic
energies for all GRBs in our sample, and found only a tentative
correlation between the prompt energy release and the optical
afterglow luminosity at 1 day after the GRB in the z=1 system.
Finally, we present the first indications of a class of long GRBs,
which form a bridge between the typical high-luminosity, high-redshift
events and nearby low-luminosity events (which are also associated
with spectroscopic supernovae) in terms of energetics and observed
redshift distribution, indicating a continuous distribution overall.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 56 840 Afterglow photometry
table2.dat 154 98 Energetics of the type II GRB sample
table4.dat 83 79 Corrected apparent and absolute magnitudes of
type II afterglows
refs.dat 128 104 References
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See also:
J/ApJ/720/862 : Afterglow light curve of GRB 090926A (Rau+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/406/2473 : Photometry of GRB 071025 (Perley+, 2010)
J/ApJ/704/1405 : Testing the Epeak-Eiso relation for GRBs (Krimm+, 2009)
J/A+A/508/593 : GRB 080710 bright optical/NIR afterglow (Kruehler+, 2009)
J/ApJ/693/1484 : Early optical afterglow catalog (Cenko+, 2009)
J/ApJ/701/824 : Afterglows of short and long-duration GRBs (Nysewander+, 2009)
J/ApJ/672/449 : GRB 061126 light curves (Perley+, 2008)
J/ApJ/686/1209 : Optical properties of GRB afterglows (Melandri+, 2008)
J/ApJ/654/L21 : R-band light curves of GRB 060206 and GRB 060210 (Stanek+,
2007)
J/ApJ/654/L25 : Light-curve data for GRB 050319 (Huang+, 2007)
J/ApJ/626/L5 : Photometric observations of GRB 041006 (Stanek+, 2005)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB identification
9- 19 F11.7 d Time Days after trigger; midtime
21 A1 --- l_mag Limit flag on mag
23- 27 F5.2 mag mag Observed magnitude in Filt
29- 32 F4.2 mag E_mag ? Upper limit uncertainty in mag
34- 37 F4.2 mag e_mag ? Lower limit uncertainty in mag (1)
39- 40 A2 --- Filt Filter used in observation (B,Cr,Ic,J,H,K,
Rc,U,V and r'; Cr=ROTSE optical band)
48- 56 A9 --- Tel Telescope used in observation (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): This is just the error on mag when E_mag is blank.
Note (2): Telescope as follows:
SMARTS = the 1.3m Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System
telescope at the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory in Chile.
AT-64 = the 0.64m telescope of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory
(CrAO) in the Ukraine.
TLS = the 1.34m Schmidt telescope of the Thuringer Landessternwarte
Tautenburg (Thuringia State Observatory) in Germany.
RTT150 = the 1.5m Russian-Turkish Telescope in Turkey.
Maidanak = the 1.5m telescope of the Maidanak observatory in Uzbekistan.
NOT = the 2.56m Nordic Optical Telescope on the island of La Palma, the
Canary Islands, Spain.
TNG = the 3.6m Telescope Nazionale Galileo, also on La Palma.
IAC80 = the 0.8m telescope of the Observatorio del Teide, on the Canary
Islands.
INT = the 2.5m Isaac Newton Telescope, on La Palma.
SARA = the 0.9m telescope of the Southeastern Association for Research in
Astronomy at Kitt Peak National Observatory, Arizona, USA.
UAPhO = the 0.4m telescope of Ussuriysk Astrophysical Observatory (UAPhO)
in the far east of Russia.
Shajn = the 2.6m Shajn telescope of CrAO.
D1.54 = the Danish 1.54m telescope at La Silla Observatory, Chile.
OSN = the 1.5m telescope of the Sierra Nevada Observatory, Spain.
WIRO = the 2.3m Wyoming Infrared Observatory telescope in Wyoming, USA.
UKIRT = the 3.8m United Kingdom Infrared Telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii,
USA.
MDM = the 1.3m McGraw-Hill Telescope at the MDM Observatory at KPNO.
VLT = the 8.2m Very Large Telescope at the European Southern Observatory
Paranal Observatory, Chile.
Terskol06 = the Zeiss-600 (0.6m) telescope of the Terskol observatory,
Kabardino-Balkarija, Russia.
WHT = the 4.2m William Herschel Telescope on La Palma.
K-380 = the 0.38m telescope of CrAO.
Terskol2 = the Zeiss-2000 (2.0m) telescope of Terskol Observatory.
AZT-11 = the 1.25m telescope at CrAO.
Sayan = the AZT-33IK (1.5m) telescope at Sayan Observatory, Mondy, Russia.
Maidanak06 = the Zeiss-600 (0.6m) telescope at Maidanak Observatory.
AZT-8 = the 0.7m telescope at CrAO.
CAHA1 = the 1.23m Spanish telescope of the Centro Astronomico
Hispano-Aleman (CAHA), Spain.
CAHA2 = the 2.2m telescope of CAHA.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB or XRF name (YYMMDDA) (1)
9- 12 A4 --- r_GRB GRB reference (see refs.dat file)
14- 20 F7.5 --- z Redshift
22- 28 F7.5 --- E_z ? Positive error on z
30- 36 F7.5 --- e_z ? Negative error on z
38- 44 F7.2 10-10J/m2 Fl Fluence (10-7erg/cm2)
46- 51 F6.2 10-10J/m2 E_Fl ? Positive error on Fl
53- 58 F6.2 10-10J/m2 e_Fl ? Negative error on Fl
60- 63 F4.1 keV Bandl [0.5/50] Energy band, lower value
65- 73 I9 keV Bandu [100/100000000] Energy band, upper value
75- 80 F6.3 --- alpha [-2/2]? Low-energy index αB
82- 86 F5.3 --- E_alpha ? Positive error on alpha
88- 92 F5.3 --- e_alpha ? Negative error on alpha
94- 98 F5.2 --- beta ? High-energy index βB
100-103 F4.2 --- E_beta ? Positive error on beta
105-108 F4.2 --- e_beta ? Negative error on beta
110-116 F7.2 keV Epeak [23.8/3979] Energy peak in the burst rest frame
118-124 F7.2 keV E_Epeak ? Positive error on Epeak
126-132 F7.2 keV e_Epeak ? Negative error on Epeak
134-138 F5.2 [10-7J] logE Log of the bolometric isotropic energy
140-143 F4.2 [10-7J] E_logE Positive error on logE
145-148 F4.2 [10-7J] e_logE Negative error on logE
150-154 A5 --- Ref Energetics reference(s) (see ref.dat file)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): if alpha column is blank, object is an XRF.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Set [aGSB] Sample identification (1)
3- 9 A7 --- GRB GRB name (YYMMDDA)
11- 15 F5.2 --- dRc RC magnitude shift (see Kann et al.
2006ApJ...641..993K 2006ApJ...641..993K)
17- 21 F5.2 mag Rc ? RC magnitude at 1 day; after the GRB,
assuming z=1
23- 26 F4.2 mag E_Rc ? Positive error on Rc
28- 31 F4.2 mag e_Rc ? Negative error on Rc
33- 38 F6.2 mag BMag ? B-band absolute magnitude at 1 day; after
the GRB, assuming z=1
40- 43 F4.2 mag E_BMag ? Positive error on BMag
45- 48 F4.2 mag e_BMag ? Negative error on BMag
50- 54 F5.2 mag Rc4 ? RC magnitude at 4 days; after the GRB,
assuming z=1
56- 59 F4.2 mag E_Rc4 ? Positive error on Rc4
61- 64 F4.2 mag e_Rc4 ? Negative error on Rc4
66- 71 F6.2 mag BMag4 ? B-band absolute magnitude at 4 day; after
the GRB, assuming z=1
73- 76 F4.2 mag E_BMag4 ? Positive error on BMag4
78- 81 F4.2 mag e_BMag4 ? Negative error on BMag4
83 A1 --- T [A/B] Type A (z<1.4) or B (z≥1.4) (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Sample as follows:
a = additional pre-Swift Golden Sample;
G = Golden Sample;
S = Silver Sample;
B = Bronze Sample.
Note (2): These 2 types correspond to the bimodality in the afterglow
luminosities (see Kann et al. 2006ApJ...641..993K 2006ApJ...641..993K for more information)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- Code Reference code
6- 24 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode
26- 49 A24 --- Aut Author's name(s)
51-128 A78 --- Comm Comment
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Kann et al. Paper II. 2011ApJ...734...96K 2011ApJ...734...96K
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 02-Jul-2012