J/ApJ/723/1678 LensPerfect A1689 analysis (Coe+, 2010)
A high-resolution mass map of galaxy cluster substructure: LensPerfect analysis
of A1689.
Coe D., Benitez N., Broadhurst T., Moustakas L.A.
<Astrophys. J., 723, 1678-1702 (2010)>
=2010ApJ...723.1678C 2010ApJ...723.1678C
ADC_Keywords: Gravitational lensing ; Redshifts ; Clusters, galaxy ;
Photometry, HST
Keywords: dark matter - galaxies: clusters: general - methods: data analysis -
galaxies: clusters: individual (A1689) -
gravitational lensing: strong - gravitational lensing: weak
Abstract:
We present a strong lensing (SL) mass model of A1689 which resolves
substructures an estimated 25kpc across within the central ∼400kpc
diameter. We achieve this resolution by perfectly reproducing the
observed (strongly lensed) input positions of 168 multiple images of
55 knots residing within 135 images of 42 galaxies. Our model makes no
assumptions about light tracing mass, yet we reproduce the brightest
visible structures with some slight deviations. A1689 remains one of
the strongest known lenses on the sky, with an Einstein radius of
RE=47.0±1.2" (143+3-4kpc) for a lensed source at zs=2. We
find that a single Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) or Sersic profile yields
a good fit simultaneously (with only slight tension) to both our SL
mass model and published weak lensing (WL) measurements at larger
radius (out to the virial radius). Our SL model prefers slightly
higher concentrations than previous SL models, bringing our SL+WL
constraints in line with other recent derivations. Our results support
those of previous studies which find A1689 has either an anomalously
large concentration or significant extra mass along the line of sight
(perhaps in part due to triaxiality).
Description:
A1689 (13:11:30.13-01:20:16.2 (J2000)) has been observed in four
filters (g'r'i'z') with ACS/WFC and eight more (UBVRIJHKs) from the
ground (DuPont Telescope, U Johnson; NOT, B; KeckII/LRIS, VRI and ESO
NTT/SOFI, JKs and H Johnson). More details about the ACS observations
can be found in Broadhurst et al., 2005, Cat. J/ApJ/621/53.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 49 113 Spectroscopic redshifts of galaxies within the
ACS field of view of A1689 used for our
photometric redshift tests
table5.dat 107 135 Multiple images produced by A1689 of 42 galaxies
(corrected version, see table A1 in 1402.4170)
table6.dat 40 33 Extra knots identified in the multiple images
table7.dat 39 42 Multiple image systems
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See also:
B/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)
J/MNRAS/384/1611 : Submm observations in gravitational lenses (Knudsen+, 2008)
J/ApJ/668/643 : Multiply imaged gravitational lens systems (Limousin+, 2007)
J/ApJ/665/921 : Redshift survey in the field of A1689 (Frye+, 2007)
J/MNRAS/372/1425 : Gravitational lensing analysis of A1689 (Halkola+, 2006)
J/ApJ/621/53 : Multiple arc systems in A1689 (Broadhurst+, 2005)
J/ApJ/627/32 : Gravitationally lensed arcs in the HST WFPC2 archive (Sand+,
2005)
J/MNRAS/335/10 : Hα survey of Abell 1689 (Balogh+, 2002)
J/A+A/382/60 : BVR photometry in Abell 1689 (Duc+, 2002)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Gal [1/452] Galaxy running sequence number
5- 6 I2 h RAh [13] Hour of right ascension (J2000) (1)
8- 9 I2 min RAm [11] Minute of right ascension (J2000)
11- 16 F6.3 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
18 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of declination (J2000) (1)
19 I1 deg DEd [1] Degree of declination (J2000) (1)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm [18/22] Arcminute of declination (J2000)
24- 29 F6.3 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination (J2000)
31- 40 A10 --- r_zsp Redshift survey reference (2)
42 A1 --- M [*] *: galaxies designated as "spectroscopically
confirmed cluster members" in each survey
44- 49 F6.4 --- zsp [0/5.12] Spectroscopic redshift
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Note (1): Slight modifications have been made to the previously published
coordinates where necessary.
Note (2): Redshift surveys are the following:
Balogh = Balogh et al. (2002, Cat. J/MNRAS/335/10; <[BCS2002] NNN>
in Simbad)
MOS = Duc et al. 2002, Cat. J/A+A/382/60. (<[DPF2002] NN> or
<[DPF2002] JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s> in Simbad
Teague = Teague et al. (1990ApJS...72..715T 1990ApJS...72..715T, in Simbad)
Broadhurst = Broadhurst et al. (2005, Cat. J/ApJ/621/53, <[BBC2005] NN.N> in
Simbad)
Frye = Frye et al. (2002ApJ...568..558F 2002ApJ...568..558F, <[FBB2002] A1689 N> in Simbad;
2007, Cat. J/ApJ/665/921, <[FCB2007] JHHMMSS.sss+DDMMSS.ss> in
Simbad)
Mieske = Mieske et al. 2005A&A...430L..25M 2005A&A...430L..25M (<[MIH2005] N> in Simbad)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- ID [1/50] Galaxy number as in table 7
3 A1 --- im [a-i] Image identification
5- 8 A4 --- B05 Broadhurst et al. ([BBC2005]) identification (1)
10- 13 I4 pix x Pixel coordinate in x (G1)
15- 18 I4 pix y Pixel coordinate in y (G1)
20- 21 I2 h RAh [13] Hour of right ascension (J2000)
23- 24 I2 min RAm [11] Minute of right ascension (J2000)
26- 31 F6.3 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
33 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of declination (J2000)
34 I1 deg DEd [1] Degree of declination (J2000)
36- 37 I2 arcmin DEm [19/21] Arcminute of declination (J2000)
39- 43 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination (J2000)
45- 49 F5.2 mag i'mag ?=99 HST/ACS i'775 AB magnitude
51- 54 F4.2 mag e_i'mag ? i'mag uncertainty
56- 60 F5.1 --- mu Final magnification (2)
62- 65 F4.1 --- ? Mean magnification (2)
67- 71 F5.1 --- E_ ? Positive error in
73- 76 F4.1 --- e_ ? Negative error in
78 A1 --- f_zsp [(] (: assumed from other multiple image(s)
79- 82 F4.2 --- zsp ? Spectroscopic redshift (3)
84- 86 A3 --- r_zsp zsp reference(s) (G2)
88- 91 F4.2 --- zph Photometric redshift (3)(4)
93- 96 F4.2 --- E_zph Positive error in zph
98-101 F4.2 --- e_zph Negative error in zph
103-107 F5.1 --- Chi2 χ2 model fit (5)
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Note (1): Flag in this column as follows:
a = agreement with the numbering system of Broadhurst et al. (2005,
Cat. J/ApJ/621/53, <[BBC2005] NN.N> in Simbad) where our 1a is their 1.1,
etc.).
L = a system added by L06 (Limousin et al., 2007, Cat. J/ApJ/668/643)
= (blank) a system added in this paper
HL = systems that were added by Halkola et al., 2006, Cat. J/MNRAS/372/1425,
but for which we use L06's numbering (Limousin et al., 2007,
Cat. J/ApJ/668/643, <[BBC2005] NN.N> in Simbad).
Note (2): Magnification in final model and range across ensemble. Calculated as
ratios of lensed and delensed image segment areas. Ranges are only
given if the image is included in at least five models.
Note (3): See also table 7 or galaxy input (spectroscopic/photometric) and
output (lens model) redshifts.
Note (4): Bayesian photometric redshift and 95% confidence interval. Based on
fits to photometry across 12 filters without subtraction of cluster
galaxies.
Note (5): Poorness of BPZ fit: observed versus model fluxes with uncertainties.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- ID [1/50] Galaxy number as in table 7
3 A1 --- im [a-i] Image identification
5 I1 --- Seq [1/3] Knot number
7- 10 I4 pix x Pixel coordinate in x (G1)
12- 15 I4 pix y Pixel coordinate in y (G1)
17- 18 I2 h RAh [13] Hour of right ascension (J2000)
20- 21 I2 min RAm [11] Minute of right ascension (J2000)
23- 28 F6.3 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
30 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of declination (J2000)
31 I1 deg DEd [1] Degree of declination (J2000)
33- 34 I2 arcmin DEm [19/21] Arcminute of declination (J2000)
36- 40 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination (J2000)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- ID [1/50] Galaxy number (as in table 5 (NN))
4 I1 --- Ni [2/6] Number of images
6 I1 --- Nk [1/3] Number of knots per image (1)
8- 9 I2 --- IO [1/42] Input order (1)
11- 14 F4.2 --- zsp ? Spectroscopic redshift
16- 18 A3 --- r_zsp zsp reference(s) (G2)
20- 24 A5 --- Tied Number(s) of system that are tied for redshift (2)
26- 29 F4.2 --- zi ? Input redshift (3)
31- 33 F3.1 --- e_zi ? zi uncertainty
35- 39 F5.3 --- zo Output redshift (4)
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Note (1): Our mass model was built by iteratively adding our multiple image
systems in the order given here. Any additional knots were added
immediately after inclusion of the "main knot" for that system.
Note (2): Redshifts of some systems are tied to other systems with numbers given
here. (For example, the redshift of system 26 is tied to that of
system 27 in the optimization.)
Note (3): Input redshifts with rough uncertainties where allowed. (Spectroscopic
redshifts are given zero uncertainty.)
Note (4): Final model redshift, optimized if input value included uncertainty.
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Pixel coordinates (0.05pix-1) in the original APSIS-reduced ACS
images (see Section 3.5).
Note (G2): Reference(s) for zsp as follows:
1 = Frye et al. 2002ApJ...568..558F 2002ApJ...568..558F;
2 = Broadhurst et al. (2005, Cat. J/ApJ/621/53);
3 = Frye et al. 2007, Cat. J/ApJ/665/921;
4 = Limousin et al. 2007, Cat. J/ApJ/668/643
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History:
* 27-Jul-2012: From electronic version of the journal
* 05-Sep-2012: Insert into VizieR
* 27-Aug-2014: Coordinates corrected for 8 objects of table 5 mailed by
the first author (the original table5 was renamed "table5.v00")
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 27-Jul-2012