J/ApJ/742/89   Relations between spectra and colors of SNe Ia     (Foley+, 2011)
Velocity evolution and the intrinsic color of type Ia supernovae.
    Foley R.J., Sanders N.E., Kirshner R.P.
   <Astrophys. J., 742, 89 (2011)>
   =2011ApJ...742...89F 2011ApJ...742...89F
ADC_Keywords: Supernovae ; Photometry, UBV ; Spectroscopy
Keywords: distance scale - dust, extinction - supernovae: general
Abstract:
    To understand how best to use observations of Type Ia supernovae
    (SNe Ia) to obtain precise and accurate distances, we investigate the
    relations between spectra of SNe Ia and their intrinsic colors. Using
    a sample of 1630 optical spectra of 255 SNe, based primarily on data
    from the CfA Supernova Program, we examine how the velocity evolution
    and line strengths of SiII(6355) and CaII H&K are related to the B-V
    color at peak brightness. We find that the maximum-light velocity of
    SiII6355 and CaII H&K and the maximum-light pseudo-equivalent width of
    SiII6355 are correlated with intrinsic color, with intrinsic color
    having a linear relation with the SiII6355 measurements. CaII H&K does
    not have a linear relation with intrinsic color, but lower-velocity
    SNe tend to be intrinsically bluer. Combining the spectroscopic
    measurements does not improve intrinsic color inference. The intrinsic
    color scatter is larger for higher-velocity SNe Ia - even after
    removing a linear trend with velocity - indicating that lower-velocity
    SNe Ia are more "standard crayons". Employing information derived from
    SN Ia spectra has the potential to improve the measurements of
    extragalactic distances and the cosmological properties inferred from
    them.
Description:
    Our photometric data come, mainly, from two sources: CfA3 (Hicken et
    al. 2009, Cat. J/ApJ/700/331) and Lick Observatory Supernova Search
    (LOSS; Ganeshalingam et al. 2010, Cat. J/ApJS/190/418). All derived
    values presented by Hicken et al. and Ganeshalingam et al. are both K
    correct and deredden for Milky Way reddening. We present the combined
    derived light-curve parameters in Table 1.
    Over the last two decades, the CfA Supernova Program has observed
    hundreds of SNe Ia, mostly with the FAST spectrograph mounted on the
    1.5m telescope at the F. L. Whipple Observatory. The data have been
    reduced in a consistent manner (Matheson et al. 2008, Cat.
    J/AJ/135/1598; Blondin et al. 2011A&A...526A..81B 2011A&A...526A..81B; S. Blondin et al.
    2012AJ....143..126B 2012AJ....143..126B), producing well-calibrated spectra. The
    measurements for each spectrum are listed in Table 2. The reference
    for each spectrum is listed in Table 2, but measurements in all cases
    were obtained by S. Blondin et al. (2012AJ....143..126B 2012AJ....143..126B).
File Summary:
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 FileName   Lrecl  Records   Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe         80        .   This file
table1.dat     92      252   Object information
table2.dat     74     1630   Spectral properties
snspec.dat      6       16   List of the 16 SNe with spectral properties in
                             table2 missing in table1 (added by CDS)
refs.dat       68       45   References
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See also:
 B/sn : Asiago Supernova Catalogue (Barbon et al., 1999-)
 J/ApJS/200/12  : CfA4: light curves for 94 type Ia SNe (Hicken+, 2012)
 J/ApJ/731/120  : Intrinsic SN Ia light curves (Mandel+, 2011)
 J/MNRAS/410/1262 : Supernova Legacy Survey. Type Ia supernovae (Walker+, 2011)
 J/ApJ/730/119  : HST/WFC3 observations of Cepheids in SNIa hosts (Riess+, 2011)
 J/ApJS/190/418 : Light curves for 165 SNe (Ganeshalingam+, 2010)
 J/A+A/523/A7   : Light curves of type Ia supernovae in SNLS (Guy+, 2010)
 J/AJ/137/3731  : ESSENCE high-redshift supernova (Foley+, 2009)
 J/ApJ/700/1097 : Light curve parameters of SN Ia (Hicken+, 2009)
 J/ApJ/699/L139 : Spectral parameters of SNe Ia (Wang+, 2009)
 J/A+A/500/L17  : Spectral flux ratio of SN Ia (Bailey+, 2009)
 J/ApJ/700/331  : Light curves of type Ia supernovae (CfA3) (Hicken+, 2009)
 J/A+A/507/85   : ESO/VLT 3rd year type Ia supernova data set (Balland+, 2009)
 J/AJ/135/1598  : Optical spectroscopy of type Ia supernovae (Matheson+, 2008)
 J/AJ/135/1766  : Sloan Digital Sky Survey-II supernova survey (Zheng+, 2008)
 J/A+A/477/717  : Spectroscopy of Type Ia supernovae (Bronder+, 2008)
 J/MNRAS/377/1531 : Optical + IR photometry of SN 2004eo (Pastorello+, 2007)
 J/MNRAS/369/1880 : Photometry of SN 2003cg (Elias-Rosa+, 2006)
 J/AJ/131/527   : UBVRI light curves of 44 type Ia supernovae (Jha+, 2006)
 J/AJ/131/1648  : Type Ia supernovae at high and low redshifts (Blondin+, 2006)
 J/AJ/112/2408  : Light Curves of 29 SNe (Hamuy+ 1996)
 http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/supernova/ : CfA Supernova group home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label   Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  6  A6    ---     SN      SN identification
       8  A1    ---   f_SN      [d] SN with Cepheid distance (1)
  10- 15  F6.4  ---     zCMB    Redshift relative to the CMB
  17- 21  F5.2  mag     Vmag    ? V band magnitude at maximum; LOSS system (2)
  23- 26  F4.2  mag   e_Vmag    ? Uncertainty in Vmag
  28- 31  F4.2  mag     Dm15B   ? Magnitude decline from peak brightness at
                                 15 days after B band maximum; LOSS system (3)
  33- 36  F4.2  mag   e_Dm15B   ? Uncertainty in Dm15B
  38- 42  F5.2  mag     B-V     ? The (Bmax-Vmax) color index; LOSS system
  44- 47  F4.2  mag   e_B-V     ? Uncertainty in B-V
  49- 54  F6.2  Mm/s    V(SiII) ? SiII line velocity at maximum (103km/s)
  56- 59  F4.2  Mm/s  e_V(SiII) ? Uncertainty in V(SiII) (103km/s)
  61- 65  F5.1  0.1nm   W(SiII) ? Si II line pseudo-equivalent width at
                                  maximum (4)
  67- 69  F3.1  0.1nm e_W(SiII) ? Uncertainty in W(SiII) (4)
  71- 76  F6.2  Mm/s    V(CaII) ? "red" component Ca II H&K line velocity at
                                  maximum ((103km/s)
  78- 81  F4.2  Mm/s  e_V(CaII) ? Uncertainty in V(CaII) (103km/s)
  83- 87  F5.1  0.1nm   W(CaII) ? Ca II H&K line pseudo-equivalent width at
                                  maximum (4)
  89- 92  F4.1  0.1nm e_W(CaII) ? Uncertainty in W(CaII) (4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1):
  d = Supernova with redshift z<0.01, but having a Cepheid distance modulus
      from Riess et al. (2011, Cat. J/ApJ/730/119). The redshifts listed for
      these SNe yield appropriate distance moduli using H0=70.5km/s/Mpc.
Note (2): corrected for Milky Way extinction using the reddening maps of
     Schlegel et al. (1998ApJ...500..525S 1998ApJ...500..525S), as performed by Hicken et al.
     (2009, Cat. J/ApJ/700/331) and Ganeshalingam et al. (2010, Cat.
     J/ApJS/190/418).
Note (3): When color information is available, Δm15(B) has been
     corrected for host-galaxy extinction using the method similar to  that
     of Phillips et al. (1999AJ....118.1766P 1999AJ....118.1766P);
     Δm15(B)=Δm15,obs(B)+0.1x((Bmax-Vmax)+0.081) 
     (see Section 5.2). The values for Bmax-Vmax include a correction for
     Milky Way extinction, so that correction is inherent in this process.
Note (4): For the "F11" sample (final sample with photometric and spectroscopic
     measurements), the measured SiIIλ6355 FWHMs assume a Gaussian
     profile. This has not been attempted for the CaII H&K feature since it
     rarely has a Gaussian profile. We performed the analysis described in
     section 4 for the FWHM(SiII) measurements, but found pseudo-equivalent
     width pEW(SiII) measurements to yield a more robust result. We
     therefore only report the pEW results.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  6  A6    ---     SN        SN identification
   8- 13  F6.2  d       Phase     Phase (days relative to maximum)
  15- 20  F6.2  Mm/s    V(SiII)   Velocity of Si II line (103km/s)
  22- 25  F4.2  Mm/s  e_V(SiII)   Uncertainty in VSiII (103km/s)
  27- 31  F5.1  0.1nm   W(SiII)   Si II line pseudo-equivalent width in Å
  33- 36  F4.1  0.1nm e_W(SiII)   Uncertainty in W(SiII) in Å
  38- 43  F6.2  Mm/s    V(CaII)b  ? Velocity of blue Ca II line (103km/s)
  45- 48  F4.2  Mm/s  e_V(CaII)b  ? Uncertainty in VCaIIb (103km/s)
  50- 55  F6.2  Mm/s    V(CaII)r  ? Velocity of red Ca II line (103km/s)
  57- 60  F4.2  Mm/s  e_V(CaII)r  ? Uncertainty in VCaIIr (103km/s)
  62- 66  F5.1  0.1nm   W(CaII)   ? Ca II line pseudo-equivalent width in Å
  68- 71  F4.1  0.1nm e_W(CaII)   ? Uncertainty in W(CaII) in Å
  73- 74  I2    ---     Ref       Reference (see refs.dat file)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: snspec.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units     Label   Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  6  A6    ---       SN      SN identification
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  2  I2    ---     Ref       Reference number
   4- 22  A19   ---     BibCode   Bibcode
  24- 42  A19   ---     Auth      Author's name(s)
  44- 68  A25   ---     Comm      Comments
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History:
    From electronic version of the journal
(End)                 Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS]    22-Apr-2013