J/ApJ/762/L30 CLASH: MCS J0416.1-2403 strong lensing analysis (Zitrin+, 2013)
CLASH: the enhanced lensing efficiency of the highly elongated merging
cluster MACS J0416.1-2403.
Zitrin A., Meneghetti M., Umetsu K., Broadhurst T., Bartelmann M.,
Bouwens R., Bradley L., Carrasco M., Coe D., Ford H., Kelson D.,
Koekemoer A.M., Medezinski E., Moustakas J., Moustakas L.A., Nonino M.,
Postman M., Rosati P., Seidel G., Seitz S., Sendra I., Shu X., Vega J.,
Zheng W.
<Astrophys. J., 762, L30 (2013)>
=2013ApJ...762L..30Z 2013ApJ...762L..30Z
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, galaxy ; Gravitational lensing ; Redshifts ; Surveys
Keywords: dark matter; galaxies: clusters: general;
galaxies: clusters: individual: MACS J0416.1-2403;
galaxies: high-redshift; gravitational lensing: strong
Abstract:
We perform a strong lensing analysis of the merging galaxy cluster
MACS J0416.1-2403 (M0416; z=0.42) in recent CLASH/HST observations. We
identify 70 new multiple images and candidates of 23 background
sources in the range 0.7≲zphot≲6.14 including two probable
high-redshift dropouts, revealing a highly elongated lens with axis
ratio ≃5:1, and a major axis of ∼100" (zs∼2). Compared to other
well-studied clusters, M0416 shows an enhanced lensing efficiency.
Although the critical area is not particularly large (≃0.6{squ}';
zs∼2), the number of multiple images, per critical area, is
anomalously high. We calculate that the observed elongation boosts the
number of multiple images, per critical area, by a factor of ∼2.5x,
due to the increased ratio of the caustic area relative to the
critical area. Additionally, we find that the observed separation
between the two main mass components enlarges the critical area by a
factor of ∼2. These geometrical effects can account for the high
number (density) of multiple images observed. We find in numerical
simulations that only ∼4% of the clusters (with
Mvir≥6x1014h-1M☉) exhibit critical curves as elongated as
in M0416.
Description:
Here, we present the lensing analysis (Section 2) of the merging
cluster MACS J0416.1-2403 (Mann & Ebeling 2012MNRAS.420.2120M 2012MNRAS.420.2120M),
performed on recent Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging in 16 bands
from the UV to the near-IR to a total depth of ∼20 orbits, as part of
the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) program
(see Postman et al. 2012, Cat. J/ApJS/199/25). The CLASH pipeline uses
the 16-band observations to derive photometric redshifts for each arc,
via the Bayesian Photometric Redshifts (BPZ) program (Benitez et al.
2004, Cat. J/ApJS/150/1; Coe et al. 2006, Cat. J/AJ/132/926), used
here to constrain the model.
The CLASH program has observed 25 clusters over a 2.7 year period (Nov
2010 - July 2013).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 114 79 Multiple-image systems and candidates
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See also:
B/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)
J/ApJS/211/21 : Spectroscopic redshifts of galaxies in MACS (Ebeling+, 2014)
J/A+A/562/A86 : CLASH. Photometric + photo-z catalog (Jouvel+, 2014)
J/ApJ/757/22 : Strong and weak lensing analysis of A2261 (Coe+, 2012)
J/ApJ/749/97 : Multiple lensed images in MCS J1206.2-0847 (Zitrin+, 2012)
J/ApJS/199/25 : CLASH sources for MACS1149.6+2223 (Postman+, 2012)
J/ApJ/723/1678 : LensPerfect A1689 analysis (Coe+, 2010)
J/AJ/132/926 : Galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (Coe+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/372/1425 : Abelle 1689 gravitational lensing analysis (Halkola+, 2006)
J/ApJ/621/53 : Multiple arc systems in A1689 (Broadhurst+, 2005)
J/ApJS/150/1 : VV29 and NGC 4676 HST photometry (Benitez+, 2004)
http://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH : CLASH home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 A5 --- ArcID Arc identifier <[ZMU2013] AAAAA> in Simbad (1)
7- 8 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
10- 11 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
13- 18 F6.3 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
20 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
24- 25 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
27- 31 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
33- 37 F5.3 --- zph [0.3/6.2]? Photometric redshift (2)
39- 43 F5.3 --- b_zph [0.1/3.2]? Lower 95% confidence limit on zph
45- 49 F5.3 --- B_zph [0.7/6.7]? Upper 95% confidence limit on zph
51- 54 F4.2 --- zNFW [1/6.8]? System redshift predicted by eNFW (4)
56- 59 F4.2 --- b_zNFW ? Lower 95% confidence limit on zNFW
61- 65 F5.2 --- B_zNFW ? Upper 95% confidence limit on zNFW
67- 69 F3.1 arcsec DNFW [0.3/4.2]? Reproduction distance ΔNFW (3)
71- 74 F4.2 --- zGau [1/6.3]? System redshift predicted by eGaussian
(elliptical Gaussian) model
76- 79 F4.2 --- b_zGau ? Lower 95% confidence limit on zGau
81- 85 F5.2 --- B_zGau ? Upper 95% confidence limit on zGau
87- 89 F3.1 arcsec DGau [0.2/3.8]? Reproduction distance ΔGauss (3)
91-114 A24 --- Comm Additional comments
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Note (1): the alphabetic first character means:
c = candidate;
p = predicted location.
Note (2): For candidates the photo-z distribution, or identification by eye,
was ambiguous.
Note (3): Of image from the observed location in the ellipical NFW or
Gaussian model.
Note (4): eNFW = elliptical Navarro-Frenk-White model (1996ApJ...462..563N 1996ApJ...462..563N;
1997ApJ...490..493N 1997ApJ...490..493N)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 09-Oct-2014