J/ApJ/772/82 A catalog of globular cluster systems (Harris+, 2013)
A catalog of globular cluster systems: what determines the size of a
galaxy's globular cluster population?
Harris W.E., Harris G.L.H., Alessi M.
<Astrophys. J., 772, 82 (2013)>
=2013ApJ...772...82H 2013ApJ...772...82H
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, globular ; Magnitudes, absolute ; References ;
Galaxies, nearby
Keywords: galaxies: general; galaxies: star clusters: general;
globular clusters: general
Abstract:
We present a catalog of 422 galaxies with published measurements of
their globular cluster (GC) populations. Of these, 248 are E galaxies,
93 are S0 galaxies, and 81 are spirals or irregulars. Among various
correlations of the total number of GCs with other global galaxy
properties, we find that NGC correlates well though nonlinearly with
the dynamical mass of the galaxy bulge Mdyn=4σe2Re/G,
where σe is the central velocity dispersion and Re the
effective radius of the galaxy light profile. We also present updated
versions of the GC specific frequency SN and specific mass SM
versus host galaxy luminosity and baryonic mass. These graphs exhibit
the previously known U-shape: highest SN or SM values occur for
either dwarfs or supergiants, but in the midrange of galaxy size
(109-1010L☉) the GC numbers fall along a well-defined
baseline value of SN≃1 or SM=0.1, similar among all galaxy types.
Along with other recent discussions, we suggest that this trend may
represent the effects of feedback, which systematically inhibited
early star formation at either very low or very high galaxy mass, but
which had its minimum effect for intermediate masses. Our results
strongly reinforce recent proposals that GC formation efficiency
appears to be most nearly proportional to the galaxy halo mass
Mhalo. The mean "absolute" efficiency ratio for GC formation that we
derive from the catalog data is MGCS/Mhalo=6x10-5. We suggest
that the galaxy-to-galaxy scatter around this mean value may arise in
part because of differences in the relative timing of GC formation
versus field-star formation. Finally, we find that an excellent
empirical predictor of total GC population for galaxies of all
luminosities is NGC~(Reσe)1.3, a result consistent with
fundamental plane scaling relations.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 221 422 Globular cluster systems
refs.dat 115 112 References
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See also:
VII/202 : Globular Clusters in the Milky Way (Harris, 1997)
J/ApJ/750/93 : NIR observations of XMM-LSS J02182-05102 (Papovich+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/421/2872 : BVI photometry of NGC 4261 GCs (Bonfini+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/41 : UBVRI photometry of M33 star clusters. I. (Ma+, 2012)
J/AJ/142/129 : HST photometry of NGC 4449 clusters (Annibali+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/416/155 : Globular clusters in 5 early-type galaxies (Faifer+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/415/3393 : Stars and globulars in NGC4494 (Foster+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/405/1293 : Compact star clusters in M81 (Santiago-Cortes+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/403/429 : Candidate globular clusters in NGC 5170 (Forbes+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/402/803 : M31 globular cluster system (Peacock+, 2010)
J/AJ/139/1413 : M81 star cluster candidates (Nantais+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/392/879 : Globular clusters in nearby dwarf galaxies (Georgiev+, 2009)
J/A+A/501/949 : Star cluster properties in 5 spiral galaxies (Mora+, 2009)
J/ApJ/681/197 : ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. XV (Peng+, 2008)
J/AJ/135/1858 : Old GCs in dwarf irregular galaxies (Georgiev+ 2008)
J/MNRAS/385/361 : BVRcIc phot. of NGC 821 globular clusters (Spitler+, 2008)
J/ApJS/171/101 : GCs in the ACS Virgo cluster survey (Jordan+, 2007)
J/ApJS/169/213 : ACS Fornax Cluster Survey. I. (Jordan+, 2007)
J/ApJ/671/1624 : NGC 1533 globular cluster candidates (Degraaff+, 2007)
J/ApJ/668/209 : HST photometry of NGC 5866 globulars (Cantiello+, 2007)
J/A+A/464/495 : UBVI photometry of NGC 45 star clusters (Mora+, 2007)
J/AJ/133/2737 : NGC 3610 GCs HST BVI photometry (Goudfrooij+, 2007)
J/MNRAS/367/156 : C-T1 photometry in NGC 1374, 1379 and 1387 (Bassino+, 2006)
J/A+A/459/391 : Dynamics of NGC 4636 GC system (Schuberth+, 2006)
J/A+A/448/155 : Radial velocities of Leo I GCs (Bergond+, 2006)
J/A+A/433/43 : C-T1 phot. of NGC 4636 GC system (Dirsch+, 2005)
J/ApJS/161/304 : Star clusters in the MW and satellites (McLaughlin+, 2005)
J/A+A/429/819 : Photometry in elliptical galaxies. II. (Michard+, 2005)
J/A+A/415/123 : Lick line-index & phot. of globular clusters (Puzia+, 2004)
J/AJ/127/2674 : Globular clusters in Sculptor group (Olsen+, 2004)
J/AJ/127/24 : Globular clusters in 4 cD galaxies (Jordan+, 2004)
J/MNRAS/343/665 : VI phot. of globular cluster systems (Goudfrooij+, 2003)
J/ApJ/521/577 : HST studies of the WLM globular cluster (Hodge+, 1999)
J/ApJS/100/105 : Stellar velocity dispersions. II. (McElroy 1995)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 14 A14 --- Name Galaxy identifier
16- 27 A12 --- OName Other galaxy identifier
29- 38 F10.7 h RAhour ? Right Ascension in decimal hours (J2000)
40- 50 F11.7 deg DEdeg ? Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
52- 56 A5 --- MType Morphology type
58- 63 F6.2 Mpc Dist ? NED distance; see Section 2
65- 69 F5.2 Mpc e_Dist ? Uncertainty in Dist
71- 83 A13 --- n_Dist Method used to determine Dist
85- 89 F5.3 mag Av NED foreground V band extinction
91- 97 F7.3 mag VMag [-25/-11]? Absolute visual magnitude (1)
99-104 F6.3 mag e_VMag [0.2/1.5]? Uncertainty in VMag
106-115 F10.3 mag KMag [-28/-14]? Absolute K band magnitude (2)
117-125 F9.3 mag e_KMag [0.1/0.3]? Uncertainty in KMag
127 A1 --- l_Ngc [>] Limit flag on Ngc
128-134 F7.1 --- Ngc [0/32500] Number of Globular Clusters (NGC)
136-142 F7.1 --- e_Ngc [0/20000] Uncertainty in Ngc
144-152 A9 --- r_Ngc Reference(s) for Ngc (see refs.dat file)
154-159 F6.2 km/s sigma [10/414]? Stellar velocity dispersion (3)
161-165 F5.2 km/s e_sigma ? Uncertainty in sigma
167-171 F5.2 kpc Reff [0.1/55]? Effective radius (4)
173-177 F5.2 kpc e_Reff ? Uncertainty in Reff
179-184 F6.3 [Msun] logMd [7.6/12.8]? Log of dynamical mass
186-191 F6.3 [Msun] e_logMd ? Uncertainty in logMd
193-197 F5.2 [Msun] logMGC ? Log of total globular cluster mass (5)
199-203 F5.2 [Msun] e_logMGC ? Uncertainty in logMGC
205-209 F5.2 [Msun] logMB ? Log of central supermassive
black hole mass (6)
211-215 F5.2 [Msun] E_logMB ? Upper uncertainty in logMB
217-221 F5.2 [Msun] e_logMB ? Lower uncertainty in logMB
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Note (1): Calculated from the distance modulus and the integrated magnitude
VT0 if available from NED. In other cases where a total V
magnitude was unavailable we have used a blue magnitude BT and
integrated (B-V) color taken from the HyperLeda database.
Note (2): Calculated from the distance modulus and the integrated K magnitude
from 2MASS. We use here the 2MASS K(ext) magnitude for each galaxy.
Note (3): Where possible we have taken the homogeneous σe values
given by Gultekin et al. (2009ApJ...698..198G 2009ApJ...698..198G), McElroy (1995,
J/ApJS/100/105), and McConnell et al. (2012ApJ...756..179M 2012ApJ...756..179M).
Otherwise, we use σe as compiled in HyperLeda.
Note (4): Enclosing half the total galaxy light, taken from NED or (secondarily)
Hyper-Leda. Here, in the interests of the best possible combination
of homogeneity and completeness we use only radii measured through
optical photometry: primarily V whenever available, and secondarily
other nearby bands including g, r, or B.
Note (5): Calculated as described below in Section 3.3.
Note (6): Data are taken from Gultekin et al. (2009ApJ...698..198G 2009ApJ...698..198G),
McConnell et al. (2012ApJ...756..179M 2012ApJ...756..179M), Graham (2008PASA...25..167G 2008PASA...25..167G),
and other sources listed in Harris & Harris (2011MNRAS.410.2347H 2011MNRAS.410.2347H)
and Harris et al. (2014MNRAS.438.2117H 2014MNRAS.438.2117H).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- Ref Reference code
6- 24 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode
26- 63 A38 --- Aut Author's name(s)
64-115 A52 --- Comm Comment
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 03-Feb-2015