J/ApJ/776/L31 Energy feedback from XRB from z=0 to z=19.92 (Fragos+, 2013)
Energy feedback from X-ray binaries in the early universe.
Fragos T., Lehmer B.D., Naoz S., Zezas A., Basu-Zych A.
<Astrophys. J., 776, L31 (2013)>
=2013ApJ...776L..31F 2013ApJ...776L..31F
ADC_Keywords: Binaries, X-ray ; Models
Keywords: dark ages, reionization, first stars; galaxies: high-redshift;
galaxies: stellar content; stars: evolution; X-rays: binaries;
X-rays: diffuse background
Abstract:
X-ray photons, because of their long mean-free paths, can easily
escape the galactic environments where they are produced, and interact
at long distances with the intergalactic medium, potentially having a
significant contribution to the heating and reionization of the early
universe. The two most important sources of X-ray photons in the
universe are active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and X-ray binaries (XRBs).
In this Letter we use results from detailed, large scale population
synthesis simulations to study the energy feedback of XRBs, from the
first galaxies (z∼20) until today. We estimate that X-ray emission
from XRBs dominates over AGN at z≳6-8. The shape of the spectral
energy distribution of the emission from XRBs shows little change with
redshift, in contrast to its normalization which evolves by ∼4 orders
of magnitude, primarily due to the evolution of the cosmic
star-formation rate. However, the metallicity and the mean stellar age
of a given XRB population affect significantly its X-ray output.
Specifically, the X-ray luminosity from high-mass XRBs per unit of
star-formation rate varies an order of magnitude going from solar
metallicity to less than 10% solar, and the X-ray luminosity from
low-mass XRBs per unit of stellar mass peaks at an age of ∼300Myr and
then decreases gradually at later times, showing little variation for
mean stellar ages ≳3Gyr. Finally, we provide analytical and tabulated
prescriptions for the energy output of XRBs, that can be directly
incorporated in cosmological simulations.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 611 200 Synthetic SED data at different redshifts
(F(Eph)=dLX/dlog(Eph/KeV)/V[erg/s/mpc3])
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
J/ApJ/774/136 : X-ray obs. of SINGS gal. compared to models (Tzanavaris+, 2013)
J/ApJ/766/19 : XRB pop. synthesis models in 0<z<20 galaxies (Tremmel+, 2013)
J/ApJ/764/41 : X-ray binary evolution across cosmic time (Fragos+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/419/2095 : HMXBs in nearby galaxies (Mineo+, 2012)
J/ApJ/737/L20 : Metallicity dependent star formation rates (Dib, 2011)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 I1 --- Model Model type (1)
3- 11 E9.4 keV Eph [0.014/95.7] Photon energy
13- 21 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(19.92) Luminosity per unit volume at z=19.92 (2)
23- 31 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(18.24) Luminosity per unit volume at z=18.24 (2)
33- 41 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(16.72) Luminosity per unit volume at z=16.72 (2)
43- 51 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(15.34) Luminosity per unit volume at z=15.34 (2)
53- 61 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(14.09) Luminosity per unit volume at z=14.09 (2)
63- 71 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(12.94) Luminosity per unit volume at z=12.94 (2)
73- 81 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(11.90) Luminosity per unit volume at z=11.90 (2)
83- 91 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(10.94) Luminosity per unit volume at z=10.94 (2)
93-101 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(10.07) Luminosity per unit volume at z=10.07 (2)
103-111 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(9.28) Luminosity per unit volume at z=9.28 (2)
113-121 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(8.55) Luminosity per unit volume at z=8.55 (2)
123-131 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(7.88) Luminosity per unit volume at z=7.88 (2)
133-141 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(7.27) Luminosity per unit volume at z=7.27 (2)
143-151 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(6.71) Luminosity per unit volume at z=6.71 (2)
153-161 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(6.20) Luminosity per unit volume at z=6.20 (2)
163-171 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(5.72) Luminosity per unit volume at z=5.72 (2)
173-181 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(5.29) Luminosity per unit volume at z=5.29 (2)
183-191 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(4.89) Luminosity per unit volume at z=4.89 (2)
193-201 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(4.52) Luminosity per unit volume at z=4.52 (2)
203-211 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(4.18) Luminosity per unit volume at z=4.18 (2)
213-221 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(3.87) Luminosity per unit volume at z=3.87 (2)
223-231 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(3.58) Luminosity per unit volume at z=3.58 (2)
233-241 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(3.31) Luminosity per unit volume at z=3.31 (2)
243-251 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(3.06) Luminosity per unit volume at z=3.06 (2)
253-261 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(2.83) Luminosity per unit volume at z=2.83 (2)
263-271 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(2.62) Luminosity per unit volume at z=2.62 (2)
273-281 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(2.42) Luminosity per unit volume at z=2.42 (2)
283-291 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(2.24) Luminosity per unit volume at z=2.24 (2)
293-301 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(2.07) Luminosity per unit volume at z=2.07 (2)
303-311 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.91) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.91 (2)
313-321 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.77) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.77 (2)
323-331 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.63) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.63 (2)
333-341 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.50) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.50 (2)
343-351 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.39) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.39 (2)
353-361 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.28) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.28 (2)
363-371 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.17) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.17 (2)
373-381 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(1.08) Luminosity per unit volume at z=1.08 (2)
383-391 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.99) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.99 (2)
393-401 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.91) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.91 (2)
403-411 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.83) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.83 (2)
413-421 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.76) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.76 (2)
423-431 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.69) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.69 (2)
433-441 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.62) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.62 (2)
443-451 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.56) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.56 (2)
453-461 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.51) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.51 (2)
463-471 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.46) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.46 (2)
473-481 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.41) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.41 (2)
483-491 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.36) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.36 (2)
493-501 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.32) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.32 (2)
503-511 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.28) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.28 (2)
513-521 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.24) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.24 (2)
523-531 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.21) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.21 (2)
533-541 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.17) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.17 (2)
543-551 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.14) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.14 (2)
553-561 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.12) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.12 (2)
563-571 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.09) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.09 (2)
573-581 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.06) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.06 (2)
583-591 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.04) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.04 (2)
593-601 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.02) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.02 (2)
603-611 E9.4 10-7W/Mpc3 F(0.00) Luminosity per unit volume at z=0.00 (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1):
1 = SED including interstellar absorption;
2 = Intrinsic (unabsorbed) SED.
Note (2): In units of erg/s/Mpc3.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 25-Mar-2015