J/ApJ/777/160 NIR imaging survey for planets around MG stars (Biller+, 2013)
The Gemini/NICI planet-finding campaign: the frequency of planets around
young moving group stars.
Biller B.A., Liu M.C., Wahhaj Z., Nielsen E.L., Hayward T.L., Males J.R.,
Skemer A., Close L.M., Chun M., Ftaclas C., Clarke F., Thatte N.,
Shkolnik E.L., Reid I.N., Hartung M., Boss A., Lin D., Alencar S.H.P.,
de Gouveia Dal Pino E., Gregorio-Hetem J., Toomey D.
<Astrophys. J., 777, 160 (2013)>
=2013ApJ...777..160B 2013ApJ...777..160B
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Planets ; Stars, nearby ;
Photometry, infrared
Keywords: binaries: close; brown dwarfs; planetary systems;
planets and satellites: detection; stars: late-type
Abstract:
We report results of a direct imaging survey for giant planets around
80 members of the β Pic, TW Hya, Tucana-Horologium, AB Dor, and
Hercules-Lyra moving groups, observed as part of the Gemini/NICI
Planet-Finding Campaign. For this sample, we obtained median contrasts
of ΔH=13.9mag at 1" in combined CH4 narrowband ADI+SDI mode
and median contrasts of ΔH=15.1mag at 2" in H-band ADI mode. We
found numerous (>70) candidate companions in our survey images. Some
of these candidates were rejected as common-proper motion companions
using archival data; we reobserved with Near-Infrared Coronagraphic
Imager (NICI) all other candidates that lay within 400AU of the star
and were not in dense stellar fields. The vast majority of candidate
companions were confirmed as background objects from archival
observations and/or dedicated NICI Campaign followup. Four co-moving
companions of brown dwarf or stellar mass were discovered in this
moving group sample: PZ Tel B (36±6MJup, 16.4±1.0AU),
CD-35 2722B (31±8MJup, 67±4AU), HD 12894B (0.46±0.08M☉,
15.7±1.0AU), and BD+07 1919C (0.20±0.03M☉, 12.5±1.4AU).
From a Bayesian analysis of the achieved H band ADI and ASDI
contrasts, using power-law models of planet distributions and
hot-start evolutionary models, we restrict the frequency of 1-20MJup
companions at semi-major axes from 10-150AU to <18% at a 95.4%
confidence level using DUSTY models and to <6% at a 95.4% using COND
models. Our results strongly constrain the frequency of planets within
semi-major axes of 50 AU as well. We restrict the frequency of
1-20MJup companions at semi-major axes from 10-50AU to <21% at a
95.4% confidence level using DUSTY models and to <7% at a 95.4% using
COND models. This survey is the deepest search to date for giant
planets around young moving group stars.
Description:
We have observed 80 young moving group stars as a part of a dedicated
science campaign using the Near-Infrared Coronagraphic Imager (NICI)
at the 8.1m Gemini South Telescope. From 2008 December to 2012
September, the NICI Planet-Finding Campaign (Liu et al.
2010SPIE.7736E..1KL) obtained deep, high-contrast AO imaging of a
carefully selected sample of over 200 young, nearby stars. Here we
report results from the subsample of 80 young stars that are members
of the β Pic, TW Hya, AB Dor, Tucana-Horologium, and
Hercules-Lyra moving groups.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 110 80 Properties of moving group (MG) survey stars
table9.dat 83 199 Astrometry of candidate companions for 38 stars
table17.dat 88 284 Candidate companions with one epoch of data for
15 stars
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See also:
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)
J/AJ/147/146 : Spectroscopy of Tuc-Hor candidate members (Kraus+, 2014)
J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)
J/ApJ/762/88 : Young stellar kinematic group candidate members (Malo+, 2013)
J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)
J/ApJ/753/147 : Herschel observations stars in THA (Donaldson+, 2012)
J/ApJ/745/174 : Young gas-giant planet evolutionnary models (Spiegel+, 2012)
J/A+A/544/A9 : The International Deep Planet Survey. I. (Vigan+, 2012)
J/A+A/537/A67 : Multi-purpose Exoplanet Simulation System (Bonavita+, 2012)
J/AJ/143/134 : β Pic/AB Dor groups candidate members (McCarthy+, 2012)
J/AJ/143/80 : Low-mass stars of beta Pic/AB Dor groups (Schlieder+, 2012)
J/ApJ/736/89 : Search for companions around massive stars (Janson+, 2011)
J/AZh/88/284 : Chemical abundance of Hercules moving group (Pakhomov+, 2011)
J/A+A/520/A15 : RACE-OC project: YSOs within 100pc (Messina+, 2010)
J/A+A/509/A52 : Search for companions with VLT/NACO (Chauvin+, 2010)
J/AJ/140/119 : βPic and AB Dor moving groups members (Schlieder+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/403/1949 : UBV(RcIc)JHK photometry of HIP nearby stars (Koen+, 2010)
J/ApJS/181/62 : Survey of young solar analogs (Metchev+, 2009)
J/A+A/480/735 : Young local stellar associations (Fernandez+, 2008)
J/ApJ/670/1367 : Gemini Deep Planet Survey (Lafreniere+, 2007)
J/AJ/133/2524 : Spectra of young nearby stars (White+, 2007)
J/A+A/460/695 : Search for Associations Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)
J/AJ/132/866 : New M dwarfs in solar neighborhood (Riaz+, 2006)
J/AJ/132/161 : NStars project: The southern sample. I. (Gray+, 2006)
J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)
J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)
J/A+A/379/976 : MG late-type stars eq. widths + fluxes (Montes+ 2001)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- MG Moving group name (1)
9- 11 I3 Myr Age [10/200] Age of moving group
13- 28 A16 --- Name Target star name
30- 31 I2 h RAh Hour of right ascension (J2000)
33- 34 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension (J2000)
36- 42 F7.4 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
44 A1 --- DE- Sign of declination (J2000)
45- 46 I2 deg DEd Degree of declination (J2000)
48- 49 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination (J2000)
51- 56 F6.3 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination (J2000)
58 A1 --- f_Dist [(] Kinematic distance calculated by the
divergence method
59- 62 F4.1 pc Dist [7/96] Distance from Hipparcos unless flagged
64 A1 --- r_Dist Origin of Dist (2)
66- 69 A4 --- SpT MK spectral type from Torres et al. (2006,
J/A+A/460/695) unless flagged
71 A1 --- r_SpT Origin of SpT (2)
73- 77 F5.2 mag Vmag [3.1/14.8]? V-band magnitude from Tycho (Hog+,
2000, I/259) unless flagged
79 A1 --- r_Vmag Origin of Vmag (2)
81- 84 F4.2 mag Hmag [2.4/9.5] 2MASS H-band magnitude
86- 89 F4.2 mag Ksmag [2.4/9.2] 2MASS Ks-band magnitude
91-108 A18 --- Comm Comment on MG membership
110 A1 --- r_Comm Origin of Comm (2)
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Note (1): Moving group as follows:
bPic = β Pic (30 members)
TW Hya = TW Hya (14 members)
Tuc/Hor = Tucana-Horologium (12 members)
AB Dor = AB Dor (19 members)
Her/Lyr = Hercules-Lyra (4 members)
AB,Her? = Possible AB Dor or Her/Lyr (1 target)
Note (2): Reference as follows:
b = Zuckerman & Song (2004, J/other/ARA+A/42.685).
c = Torres et al. (2008hsf2.book..757T 2008hsf2.book..757T).
d = Weinberger et al. (2013ApJ...762..118W 2013ApJ...762..118W).
e = Torres et al. (2006, J/A+A/460/695).
f = Malo et al. (2013, J/ApJ/762/88), from Riedel et al. (in preparation).
g = Messina et al. (2010, J/A+A/520/A15).
h = Barrado Y Navascues (2006A&A...459..511B 2006A&A...459..511B).
i = Moor et al. (2006ApJ...644..525M 2006ApJ...644..525M).
j = Malo et al. (2013, J/ApJ/762/88).
k = Lepine & Simon (2009AJ....137.3632L 2009AJ....137.3632L).
l = Riaz et al. (2006, J/AJ/132/866).
m = Kiss et al. (2011MNRAS.411..117K 2011MNRAS.411..117K).
n = White et al. (2007, J/AJ/133/2524).
o = Koen et al. (2010, J/MNRAS/403/1949).
p = Lopez-Santiago et al. (2006ApJ...643.1160L 2006ApJ...643.1160L).
q = Zuckerman et al. (2004ApJ...613L..65Z 2004ApJ...613L..65Z).
r = Hog et al. (2000, I/259), Torres et al. (2006, J/A+A/460/695).
s = Zuckerman & Song (2004, J/other/ARA+A/42.685).
t = Montes et al. (2001, J/A+A/379/976).
u = Gray et al. (2006, J/AJ/132/161).
v = Landolt (2009, J/AJ/137/4186).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 14 A14 --- Name Candidate star name
16- 17 I2 --- Num [1/10] Candidate number
19- 25 F7.2 yr Epoch Epoch of observation (decimal years)
27- 32 F6.3 arcsec mSep [0.2/16.2] Measured separation
34- 38 F5.3 arcsec e_mSep Uncertainty in MSep
40- 44 F5.1 deg mPA [0/360] Measured position angle
46- 48 F3.1 deg e_mPA Uncertainty in MPA
50- 55 F6.3 arcsec pSep [0.2/16.1]? Predicted separation (1)
57- 61 F5.3 arcsec e_pSep ? Uncertainty in BSep
63- 69 F7.3 deg pPA [0/360]? Predicted position angle (1)
71- 75 F5.3 deg e_pPA ? Uncertainty in BPA
77 A1 --- Inst Instrument used (2)
79 A1 --- n_Inst [a] From Mouillet et al. 1997
81- 83 A3 --- Comp? Companion code (CMP=companion or
BG=background)
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Note (1): For a background object based on the proper motion and parallax of
the primary and the candidate position at the reference epoch, which
is the first epoch listed for each candidate.
Note (2): Instrument as follows:
N = Gemini-South NICI;
V = VLT NACO;
K = Keck NIRC2;
I = VLT ISAAC;
E = ESO 3.6m;
H = HST NICMOS;
A = HST ACS;
G = Gemini-North NIRI;
M = 2MASS;
S = NTT SOFI;
L = LBT;
P = Palomar;
D = DSS.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table17.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- Name Star name
18- 20 I3 --- Num [1/119] Candidate number
22- 26 F5.2 arcsec ASep [0.9/10.6] Angular separation
28- 30 I3 AU PSep Physical separation
32- 37 F6.1 deg PA [-119/360] Position angle
39- 42 F4.1 mag dH [5/17.2] H band magnitude difference ΔH
44- 52 F9.4 yr Epoch Epoch of the observation (decimal years)
54- 88 A35 --- Action Proposed action
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 20-Apr-2015