J/ApJ/790/49 Gould's Belt VLA survey. III. Orion region (Kounkel+, 2014)
The Gould's Belt Very Large Array survey.
III. The Orion region.
Kounkel M., Hartmann L., Loinard L., Mioduszewski A.J., Dzib S.A.,
Ortiz-Leon G.N., Rodriguez L.F., Pech G., Rivera J.L., Torres R.M.,
Boden A.F., Evans II N.J., Briceno C., Tobin J.
<Astrophys. J., 790, 49 (2014)>
=2014ApJ...790...49K 2014ApJ...790...49K
ADC_Keywords: Radio continuum ; Cross identifications ; Infrared sources ;
X-ray sources ; YSOs
Keywords: astrometry; magnetic fields; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal;
radio continuum: stars; techniques: interferometric
Abstract:
We present results from a high-sensitivity (60µJy), large-scale
(2.26deg2) survey obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array
as part of the Gould's Belt Survey program. We detected 374 and 354
sources at 4.5 and 7.5GHz, respectively. Of these, 148 are associated
with previously known young stellar objects (YSOs). Another 86 sources
previously unclassified at either optical or infrared wavelengths
exhibit radio properties that are consistent with those of young
stars. The overall properties of our sources at radio wavelengths such
as their variability and radio to X-ray luminosity relation are
consistent with previous results from the Gould's Belt Survey. Our
detections provide target lists for follow-up Very Long Baseline Array
radio observations to determine their distances as YSOs are located in
regions of high nebulosity and extinction, making it difficult to
measure optical parallaxes.
Description:
Fields in the Orion A and B molecular clouds were observed with the
Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in its A configuration. The 210
individual fields have been split into 7 maps, with 30 fields being
observed per map, as follows: 12 in λ Ori, 3 in L1622, 27 are
shared between NGC 2068 and NGC 2071, 14 are shared between NGC 2023
and NGC 2024, 11 in σ Ori, 109 in the Orion Nebula Cluster
(ONC), 16 in L1641-N, 8 in L1641-C, and 10 in L1641-S (see Figures 1-7).
All the maps were imaged closely in time, and a total of three epochs
separated by approximately a full month were acquired in summer 2011.
Assuming a FWHM diameter of the primary beam of 10' and 6' at 4.5 and
7.5GHz respectively, the total area covered by our observations is
2.26 and 1.35deg2, respectively.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 96 374 Radio sources detected in Orion
table4.dat 81 261 Radio sources with known counterparts
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See also:
IX/44 : XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue 3XMM-DR4 (XMM-SSC, 2013)
I/322 : UCAC4 Catalogue (Zacharias+, 2012)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
J/ApJ/775/63 : Gould's Belt VLA Survey. I. Ophiuchus complex (Dzib+, 2013)
J/AJ/144/192 : Spitzer survey of Orion A & B. I. YSO catalog (Megeath+, 2012)
J/ApJ/754/30 : VISTA IR phot. of σ Ori cluster (Pena Ramirez+, 2012)
J/ApJ/752/59 : Low-mass population in L1641 (Hsu+, 2012)
J/A+A/536/A63 : Collinder 69 very low mass stars & brown dwarfs (Bayo+, 2011)
J/A+A/530/A150 : XMM observations of λ Ori cluster (Franciosini+, 2011)
J/ApJ/733/50 : MIR photometric monitoring of ONC (Morales-Calderon+, 2011)
J/ApJ/722/1226 : IR photometry in λ Orionis cluster (Hernandez+, 2010)
J/A+A/521/A45 : X-ray detections in the σ Ori cluster (Caballero+, 2010)
J/A+A/507/1485 : Young (proto)stellar population in L1630 (Mookerjea+ 2009)
J/ApJS/183/261 : Optical photometry of the ONC (Da Rio+, 2009)
J/A+A/493/931 : MAD observations of σ Ori (Bouy+, 2009)
J/ApJ/664/481 : Opt/IR photometry of Collinder 69 (Barrado y Navascues+ 2007)
J/ApJ/662/1067 : Spitzer observations of sigma Orionis (Hernandez+, 2007)
J/ApJS/160/319 : COUP: observations and source lists (Getman+, 2005)
J/AJ/128/787 : Chandra Orion flanking fields data (Ramirez+, 2004)
J/ApJ/598/375 : Chandra X-ray observations of NGC 2024 (Skinner+, 2003)
J/AJ/125/1537 : QUIRC Chandra sources in OMC 2/3 (Tsujimoto+, 2003)
J/ApJ/566/974 : CHANDRA obs. of YSOs in OMC-2 and OMC-3 (Tsujimoto+, 2002)
J/AJ/113/1733 : Orion Nebula Cluster population (Hillenbrand 1997)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 A19 --- GBS-VLA GBS-VLA identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
21- 26 F6.2 mJy F4.5 [0.2/243] Highest detected 4.5GHz flux (1)
28- 31 F4.2 mJy e_F4.5 [0.08/1.3] Statistical error in F4.5 (2)
33- 37 F5.2 mJy s_F4.5 [0.01/13] Absolute 5% flux uncertainty in F4.5
39 A1 --- l_V4.5 [>] Limit flag on V4.5 (3)
40- 44 F5.1 % V4.5 [0/91]? Variability in 4.5GHz observations (4)
46- 50 F5.1 % e_V4.5 ? Uncertainty in V4.5
52- 57 F6.2 mJy F7.5 [0.1/246]? Highest detected 7.5GHz flux (1)
59- 62 F4.2 mJy e_F7.5 [0.07/1.3]? Statistical error in F7.5 (2)
64- 68 F5.2 mJy s_F7.5 [0.01/13]? Absolute 5% flux uncertainty in F7.5
70 A1 --- l_V7.5 [>] Limit flag on V7.5 (3)
71- 75 F5.1 % V7.5 [0/95]? Variability in 7.5GHz observations (4)
77- 81 F5.1 % e_V7.5 ? Uncertainty in V7.5
83- 87 F5.2 --- alpha [-5.4/3]? Spectral index α, defined such
that: Fν∝να
89- 92 F4.2 --- e_alpha [0.1/2.3]? Error in alpha (5)
94 A1 --- Var Variable source? y/n (6)
96 A1 --- YSOc [d] d: 86 young stellar object candidates based
just in their radio properties (column added
by CDS, following table 5 of the paper)
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Note (1): Between the three epochs.
Note (2): Calculated by JMFIT.
Note (3): Indicates a lack of a detection at one of the epochs and the
subsequent variability is calculated with flux of the remaining
two epochs.
Note (4): Blank values indicate only a single epoch detection.
Note (5): Errors include the statistical and absolute uncertainty.
Note (6): Variability of at least 50% or lack of detection at one or more epoch
with the source located in the inner half of the beam.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 A19 --- GBS-VLA GBS-VLA identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
21- 29 A9 --- Type Object type (1)
31- 39 A9 --- XID X-ray counterpart reference (2)
41- 55 A15 --- Opt Optical counterpart reference (3)
57- 64 A8 --- IR Infrared counterpart reference (4)
66- 81 A16 --- Radio Radio counterpart reference (5)
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Note (1): In parentheses listed YSO class, if known.
Note (2): X-ray reference from:
OX = Franciosini & Sacco (2011, J/A+A/530/A150; in Simbad);
3XMM = XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre (2013);
SSM = Skinner et al. (2009ApJ...701..710S 2009ApJ...701..710S);
SGB = Skinner et al. (2003, J/ApJ/598/375; <[SGB2003] NNN> in Simbad);
CCS = Caballero et al. (2010, J/A+A/521/A45);
RRS = Ramirez et al. (2004, J/AJ/128/787);
TKT = Tsujimoto et al. (2002, J/ApJ/566/974; <[TKT2002] INNN> in Simbad);
COUP = Getman et al. (2005, J/ApJS/160/319; in Simbad);
SOXS = Pillitteri et al. (2013ApJ...773...80P 2013ApJ...773...80P).
Note (3): Optical reference from:
BSM = Bayo et al. (2011, J/A+A/536/A63);
TYC = Perryman & ESA (1997, I/239);
UCAC4 = Zacharias et al. (2013, I/322; <UCAC4 FFF-NNNNNN> in Simbad);
H97 = Hillenbrand (1997, J/AJ/113/1733; <[H97b] NNNNa> in Simbad);
DRS = Da Rio et al. (2009, J/ApJS/183/261; <[DRS2009] NNNN> in Simbad);
HHA = Hsu et al. (2012, J/ApJ/752/59; <[HHA2012] NNN> in Simbad).
Note (4): IR reference from:
HMC = Hernandez et al. (2010, J/ApJ/722/1226);
2M = Cutri et al. (2003, II/246);
MGM = Megeath et al. (2012, J/AJ/144/192; <[MGM2012] NNNN> in Simbad);
PBZ = Pena Ramirez et al. (2012, J/ApJ/754/30);
HHM = Hernandez et al. (2007, J/ApJ/662/1067; <[HHM2007] NNNN> in Simbad);
MAD = Bouy et al. (2009, J/A+A/493/931; <[BHM2009] SigOri-MAD-NN> in Simbad);
ISOY = Morales-Calderon et al. (2011, J/ApJ/733/50;
in Simbad);
TKK = Tsujimoto et al. (2003, J/AJ/125/1537; in Simbad).
Note (5): Radio reference from:
NVSS = Condon et al. (1998, VIII/65);
G99 = Gibb (1999MNRAS.304....1G 1999MNRAS.304....1G; <[G99] LBS NN cmN> in Simbad);
RRA = Reipurth et al. (2004AJ....127.1736R 2004AJ....127.1736R);
RR = Rodriguez & Reipurth (1994A&A...281..882R 1994A&A...281..882R);
RRC = Reipurth et al. (1999AJ....118..983R 1999AJ....118..983R; <[RRC99] VLA NN> in Simbad);
GMR = Garay et al. (1987ApJ...314..535G 1987ApJ...314..535G; or in Simbad);
AVE = Anglada et al. (1998AJ....116.2953A 1998AJ....116.2953A);
ARC = Avila et al. (2001RMxAA..37..201A 2001RMxAA..37..201A; <[ARC2001] HH NNN VLA N> in Simbad).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Dzib et al. Paper I. 2013ApJ...775...63D 2013ApJ...775...63D Cat. J/ApJ/775/63
Ortiz-Leon et al. Paper II. 2015ApJ...805....9O 2015ApJ...805....9O Cat. J/ApJ/805/9
Dzib et al. Paper IV. 2015ApJ...801...91D 2015ApJ...801...91D Cat. J/ApJ/801/91
Pech et al. Paper V. 2016ApJ...818..116P 2016ApJ...818..116P
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 18-Sep-2015