J/ApJ/795/167 Transits of PH3 b, c, and d through January, 2019 (Schmitt+, 2014)

Planet hunters. VII. Discovery of a new low-mass, low-density planet (PH3 c) orbiting Kepler-289 with mass measurements of two additional planets (PH3 b and d). Schmitt J.R., Agol E., Deck K.M., Rogers L.A., Gazak J.Z., Fischer D.A., Wang J., Holman M.J., Jek K.J., Margossian C., Omohundro M.R., Winarski T., Brewer J.M., Giguere M.J., Lintott C., Lynn S., Parrish M., Schawinski K., Schwamb M.E., Simpson R., Smith A.M. <Astrophys. J., 795, 167 (2014)> =2014ApJ...795..167S 2014ApJ...795..167S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Planets Keywords: Planets and satellites: detection - surveys Abstract: We report the discovery of one newly confirmed planet (P=66.06 days, RP=2.68±0.17 R) and mass determinations of two previously validated Kepler planets, Kepler-289 b (P=34.55 days, RP=2.15±0.10 R) and Kepler-289-c (P=125.85 days, RP=11.59±0.10 R), through their transit timing variations (TTVs). We also exclude the possibility that these three planets reside in a 1:2:4 Laplace resonance. The outer planet has very deep (∼1.3%), high signal-to-noise transits, which puts extremely tight constraints on its host star's stellar properties via Kepler's Third Law. The star PH3 is a young (∼1 Gyr as determined by isochrones and gyrochronology), Sun-like star with M*=1.08±0.02 M, R*=1.00±0.02 R, and Teff=5990±38 K. The middle planet's large TTV amplitude (∼5 hr) resulted either in non-detections or inaccurate detections in previous searches. A strong chopping signal, a shorter period sinusoid in the TTVs, allows us to break the mass-eccentricity degeneracy and uniquely determine the masses of the inner, middle, and outer planets to be M=7.3±6.8 M, 4.0±0.9M, and M=132±17 M, which we designate PH3 b, c, and d, respectively. Furthermore, the middle planet, PH3 c, has a relatively low density, ρ=1.2±0.3 g/cm3 for a planet of its mass, requiring a substantial H/He atmosphere of 2.1-0.3+0.8% by mass, and joins a growing population of low-mass, low-density planets. Description: Using quarters 1-16 of the Kepler data, we extracted and flattened each transit using the IDL AutoKep program (Gazak et al. 2012AdAst2012E..30G 2012AdAst2012E..30G). For the high signal-to-noise transits of the outer planet, we used short cadence data where available. We then used a new, modified version of the IDL program TAP (Carter & Winn, 2009ApJ...704...51C 2009ApJ...704...51C; Gazak et al. 2012AdAst2012E..30G 2012AdAst2012E..30G; Eastman et al. 2013PASP..125...83E 2013PASP..125...83E) to fit for the orbital parameters of each planet: impact parameter (b), duration (T), the ratio of planet radius to stellar radius (Rp/R*), the midtransit times, linear limb darkening, quadratic limb darkening (Kipping, 2013MNRAS.435.2152K 2013MNRAS.435.2152K), and white and red noise. The ratio of semi-major axis to the radius of the star (a/R*) and the inclination (i) can be derived from these parameters. Objects: ---------------------------------------------------------- RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s) ---------------------------------------------------------- 19 49 51.68 +42 52 58.2 Kepler-289 = KOI-1353 19 49 51.68 +42 52 58.2 PH3 b = KOI-1353b 19 49 51.68 +42 52 58.2 PH3 c = KOI-1353d 19 49 51.68 +42 52 58.2 PH3 d = KOI-1353c ---------------------------------------------------------- File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table4.dat 31 181 Transits of PH3 b, c, and d through January, 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009) J/ApJS/197/2 : Transit timing observations from Kepler. I. (Ford+, 2011) J/ApJ/768/127 : Q1-11 Kepler light curve of KIC 4862625 (Schwamb+, 2013) J/ApJS/217/16 : Kepler planetary candidates. V. 3yr Q1-Q12 (Rowe+, 2015) J/ApJS/217/18 : Potential transit signals in Kepler Q1-Q17 (Seader+, 2015) J/ApJ/812/46 : Transit metric for Q1-Q17 Kepler candidates (Thompson+, 2015) Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 3 A3 --- --- [PH3] 5 A1 --- Planet [bcd] Planet identifier 7- 9 I3 --- Transit [0/100] Transit number 11- 19 F9.4 d JD Julian date of midtransit (JD-2454000) 21- 26 F6.4 d e_JD Error in JD 28- 31 A4 --- Obs [Obs. ] Transit observed? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- History: From electronic version of the journal References: Fischer et al. 2012MNRAS.419.2900F 2012MNRAS.419.2900F Schwamb et al. 2012ApJ...754..129S 2012ApJ...754..129S Lintott et al. 2013AJ....145..151L 2013AJ....145..151L Schwamb et al. 2013ApJ...768..127S 2013ApJ...768..127S, J/ApJ/768/127 Wang et al. Paper V 2013ApJ...776...10W 2013ApJ...776...10W Schmitt et al. Paper VI 2014AJ....148...28S 2014AJ....148...28S Wang et al. Paper VIII 2015ApJ...815..127W 2015ApJ...815..127W Boyajian et al. Paper IX 2016MNRAS.457.3988B 2016MNRAS.457.3988B Schmitt et al. Paper X 2016AJ....151..159S 2016AJ....151..159S
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 30-May-2017
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