J/ApJ/806/133 Virgo cluster ETGs: GC and galaxy diffuse light (Li+, 2015)
A Gemini/GMOS study of intermediate luminosity early-type Virgo cluster
galaxies.
I. Globular cluster and stellar kinematics.
Li B., Peng E.W., Zhang H.-X., Blakeslee J.P., Cote P., Ferrarese L.,
Jordan A., Liu C., Mei S., Puzia T.H., Takamiya M., Trancho G., West M.J.
<Astrophys. J., 806, 133 (2015)>
=2015ApJ...806..133L 2015ApJ...806..133L (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, galaxy ; Clusters, globular ; Radial velocities ;
Photometry, ugriz ; Reddening ; Velocity dispersion
Keywords: galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD -
galaxies: kinematics and dynamics - galaxies: star clusters: general
Abstract:
We present a kinematic analysis of the globular cluster (GC) systems
and diffuse stellar light of four intermediate luminosity (sub-L*)
early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster based on Gemini Multi-Object
Spectrographs (GMOS) data. Our galaxy sample is fainter (-23.8<MK←22.7)
than most previous studies, nearly doubling the number of galaxies in
this magnitude range that now have GC kinematics. The data for the
diffuse light extends to 4Re, and the data for the GCs reaches
8-12Re. We find that the kinematics in these outer regions are all
different despite the fact that these four galaxies have similar
photometric properties, and are uniformly classified as "fast rotators"
from their stellar kinematics within 1Re. The GC systems exhibit a
wide range of kinematic morphology. The rotation axis and amplitude
can change between the inner and outer regions, including a case of
counter-rotation. This difference shows the importance of wide-field
kinematic studies, and shows that stellar and GC kinematics can change
significantly as one moves beyond the inner regions of galaxies.
Moreover, the kinematics of the GC systems can differ from that of the
stars, suggesting that the formation of the two populations are also
distinct.
Description:
We selected four intermediate-luminosity ETGs from the ACS Virgo
Cluster Survey (ACSVCS; Cote et al. 2004, J/ApJS/153/223), a
homogeneous Hubble Space Telescope survey of 100 ETGs in the nearby
Virgo cluster of galaxies using the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS;
Ford et al. 1998SPIE.3356..234F 1998SPIE.3356..234F). We observed these galaxies with the
Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs (GMOS, Hook et al. 2004PASP..116..425H 2004PASP..116..425H),
twin instruments on the Gemini North and Gemini South telescopes. Our
target galaxies have sizes (Re∼10-18") that fit well within the
GMOS field of view (5.5 arcmin2), providing coverage out to 10-16Re.
Each galaxy contained ∼50 targetable GCs with V<23 mag. VCC 1231,
VCC 1062, and VCC 2000 data were taken with GMOS-South, whereas data
for VCC 685 was taken with GMOS-North.
Objects:
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RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
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12 26 32.1 +12 43 24 Virgo cluster = NAME Virgo I
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 73 4 Sample Properties
table8.dat 87 149 Globular Cluster
table9.dat 51 84 Galaxy Diffuse Light
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See also:
VII/266 : Atlas of Virgo galaxies (McDonald+ 2011)
J/AJ/90/1681 : The Virgo Cluster Catalog (VCC) (Binggeli+, 1985)
J/ApJS/153/223 : ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. I. (Cote+, 2004)
J/ApJS/154/509 : ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. II. (Jordan+, 2004)
J/ApJS/171/101 : Globular clusters in the ACS Virgo cluster survey
(Jordan+, 2007)
J/A+A/526/A114 : Kinematic profiles of Virgo early-type galaxies
(Toloba+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/452/2208 : NGC 4473 globular clusters (Alabi+, 2015)
J/ApJS/227/12 : NGVS XXV. Virgo globular clusters photometry
(Powalka+, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Flag [ABCD] Flag for the galaxy name in
tables 8 and 9
3- 5 A3 --- --- [VCC]
6- 9 I4 --- VCC VCC number (NNNN)
11- 17 A7 --- Other Other ETG's name (NGCNNNN)
19- 21 A3 --- Type Hubble type from the NED database
23- 32 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000) (1)
34- 43 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000) (1)
45- 48 I4 km/s Vsys Galaxy systemic velocity (1)
50- 52 F3.1 kpc Re Effective radius from Ferrarese et al.
(2006, J/ApJS/164/334)
54- 57 F4.1 Mpc Dist Distance (3)
59- 64 F6.2 mag KMag K-band absolute magnitude (1) (2)
66- 68 I3 deg PA Photometric position angle (4)
70- 73 F4.2 --- b/a Axis ratio (4)
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Note (1): Data from ATLAS3D project (Cappellari et al. 2011, J/MNRAS/413/813).
Note (2): Derived from the 2MASS extended source catalog (Jarrett et al.
2000AJ....119.2498J 2000AJ....119.2498J).
Note (3): From Blakeslee et al. (2009ApJ...694..556B 2009ApJ...694..556B), except VCC 685 which is
from the GC luminosity function estimates by Jordan et al.
(2007, J/ApJS/171/101).
Note (4): From 2MASS (Skrutskie et al. 2006AJ....131.1163S 2006AJ....131.1163S, Cat. VII/233).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Host [ABCD] Host galaxy (G1)
3- 14 A12 --- ID Object identifier (VCCNNNNGC-NN)
16- 25 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
27- 35 F9.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
37- 40 I4 km/s HRV Heliocentric radial velocity
42- 43 I2 km/s e_HRV Uncertainty in HRV
45- 50 F6.3 mag gmag ACSVCS/NGVS g-band magnitude
52- 56 F5.3 mag e_gmag Uncertainty in gmag
58- 63 F6.3 mag zmag ACSVCS/NGVS z-band magnitude
65- 69 F5.3 mag e_zmag Uncertainty in zmag
71- 75 F5.3 mag g-z The g-z color index
77- 81 F5.3 mag e_g-z Uncertainty in g-z
83- 87 F5.3 mag E(B-V) Galactic reddening (2)
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Note (2): Determined by Schlegel et al. (1998ApJ...500..525S 1998ApJ...500..525S). The corrections
for foreground reddening were taken to be Ag=3.634E(B-V) and Az=1.
485E(B-V) in the g and z bands, respectively (Jordan et al. 2004,
J/ApJS/154/509).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Host [ABCD] Host galaxy (G1)
3- 15 A13 --- ID Slit identifier (VCCNNNNGDL-NN)
17- 26 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
28- 36 F9.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
38- 41 I4 km/s HRV Heliocentric radial velocity
43- 44 I2 km/s e_HRV Uncertainty in HRV
46- 48 I3 km/s sigma ? Velocity dispersion
50- 51 I2 km/s e_sigma ? Uncertainty in sigma
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Host galaxies as follows:
A = VCC 1231;
B = VCC 2000;
C = VCC 1062;
D = VCC 685.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 14-Sep-2017